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Biomedical subjects

H M Schrøder

Publications and source records attributed to H M Schrøder.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cementless porous-coated total knee arthroplasty: 10-year results in a consecutive series.

We report the results of 114 AGC 2000 porous-coated, cementless total knee arthroplasties (TKA) performed consecutively in 102 patients during the period 1984-1986. After 10 years, 58 TKAs in 52 patients were evaluated with patient assessment, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score, weight-bearing radiographs done under fluoroscopic control, and survivorship analysis. All dropouts within the first 9 years were patients dying with a functioning TKA except 1 revision secondary to a supracondylar fracture after 8.5 years. Of the patients, 53 (92%) were satisfied or very satisfied with their TKA, and 55 (95%) of the knees were rated good or excellent. There was no pain in 53 knees, and the median knee flexion was 110 degrees. Six radiolucencies >1 mm were found beneath parts of the tibial component, and 5 radiolucencies were seen beneath the femoral component. None had progressed compared with the 5-year follow-up, and in all cases trabeculae could be seen reaching the prosthetic component. No migrations had occurred since the 5-year follow-up. No obvious joint space reduction was seen. Osteolysis presenting as an isolated cyst was found in 1 knee in the lateral tibial condyle and was not progressive. Two tibial components had been revised because of aseptic loosening and 1 because of septic loosening, all within the first 3 years. No femoral or patellar components were revised. The cumulative prosthesis survival rate after 10 to 11 years was 97%. When pain and radiographic loosening also were considered, the success rate was 87%. Cementless insertion of a nonmodular, porous-coated TKA resulted in a long-term durable bone-prosthesis interface. The flat-on-flat articulation did not result in catastrophic polyethylene wear or osteolysis within the first 10 years.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee↗
PubMed1999

[Knee alloplasty and working ability. The significance of knee alloplasty for working ability of patients who were working prior to surgery].

The effect of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on maintaining or restoring working ability for patients who preoperatively still were in active employment has not previously been reported. Between February 1989 and December 1990 a total of 926 patients (1024 knees) had the same type of TKA (AGC-2000) implanted at 14 different Danish hospitals. The patients were followed prospectively. Sixty-two patients (6.7% of the total material) were preoperatively registered as being still engaged in active employment. Follow-up after three years included 51 of these patients (with 62 knees). Fifty-eight percent were still working after three years compared to 79% after the first postoperative year. Only eight out of the 21 who quit their job during the follow-up period stated knee-trouble as being the direct cause. The most common reason for stopping work was ordinary age-determined pension. We found no correlation between the amount of occupational knee-load and the relative risk of not being able to continue working. Thus, four out of five patients who are employed preoperatively will generally be able to return to the same job within a year after a TKA.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Patient survival after total knee arthroplasty. 5-year data in 926 patients.

We analyzed prospectively the 5-year survival in 926 patients undergoing 1,024 total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in the period February 1989-December 1990. The patients were compared to an age- and sex-matched general population and to 326 patients operated on in the same period with total hip arthroplasty. Cox analysis showed that male sex, rheumatoid arthritis and complications within the first year increased the mortality rate in the TKA group. When this group was compared to the general population, only rheumatoid patients aged 65-74 years had an increased mortality. Generally, the TKA patients had a longer survival than the general population, especially women > 75 years old with arthrosis. The cumulative 5-year patient survival was 89%, both after hip and knee arthroplasty and was 81% in the matched general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Cementless total knee arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis. A report on 51 AGC knees followed for 54 months.

Fifty-one primary consecutive cementless AGC 2000 (Anatomically Graduated Components, Biomet, Warsaw, IN) total knee arthroplasties were performed during 1985 through 1990 in 40 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Forty-one knees (32 patients) were available for clinical and radiologic follow-up analysis after 24 to 76 months (median, 54 months). There was no pain in 33 knees and mild pain in the rest. Median range of motion was 110 degrees (range, 50 degrees-130 degrees). Median knee score was 90 (range, 71-97), and all knees were rated good or excellent. Radiolucencies greater than 1 mm were found under five tibial components, but no obvious migrations were seen. One tibial component was revised due to aseptic loosening. The cumulative success rate after 4 to 5 years was 97% (lower limit of 95% confidence interval, 91.8%). The medium-term results are considered to compare favorably with reported cemented series.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Increasing age-specific incidence of hip fractures in a Danish municipality.

From 1970 to 1986 a total of 4578 hip fractures were registered in persons > or = 40 years in a Danish urban municipality. During that period, the annual number almost tripled. The statistical analysis revealed an increase in the age-specific incidence for both females and males (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the number of fractures increased due to demographic aging. The overall incidence for individuals > or = 40 years increased 9-10% annually; from 2.1 to 5.4 per 1.000 females, and from 0.9 to 2.1 per 1.000 males. The female:male ratio was 2.8 without changes over time. If the observed increase in incidence is extrapolated to the next 17 years, a doubling of the annual number of fractures is predicted by the year 2002, whereas an unchanged incidence would result in a 20% increase in number.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Age and sex as determinants of mortality after hip fracture: 3,895 patients followed for 2.5-18.5 years.

Between 1970 and 1985, a total of 3,895 persons > or = 40 years of age were treated for hip fracture in a Danish municipality. The female: male ratio was 2.7. The cumulative survival was estimated and compared with that of the age- and sex-matched general population. The analysis showed that (a) the mortality was increased compared with the expected mortality, especially during the first year (19% for women, 25% for men), but a statistically significant excess mortality could be demonstrated up to 10 years after a hip fracture; (b) the mortality increased with age, even after adjustment for the expected higher mortality of the elderly; and (c) the mortality was higher for men than for women, even after adjustment for the expected higher mortality of males. This difference was already present after the first 2 weeks among patients > or = 70 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Autopsy-verified major pulmonary embolism after hip fracture.

This retrospective study included 1812 hip-fracture patients 40 years of age or older who did not receive prophylactic anticoagulation. Two hundred seventy-three patients (15.1%) died within 90 days after hospitalization. In 180 autopsies, 27 cases of major pulmonary embolism (PE), defined as occluding at least one lobar or several segmental arteries, were found. Based on an autopsy frequency of 72%, a rate of 1.4% major PEs during the first 30 days could be estimated. No major PE was found among patients with femoral neck fractures treated conservatively or by internal fixation or among patients younger than 66 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Occurrence and incidence of the second hip fracture.

During a 16-year period, 256 second hip fractures were found in 3898 persons 40 years of age and older who had a previous hip fracture. Ninety-two percent of the second fractures were contralateral, and 68% of these were the same type as the first. Thus, 62% of the femoral neck and 72% of the trochanteric fractures were preceded by a contralateral fracture of the same type. The mean interval between fractures was 3.3 years, and there was no significant difference between genders or among fracture types. The risk of the first fracture was 1.6 per 1000 men per year and 3.6 per 1000 women, and for the second fracture 15 per 1000 men per year and 22 per 1000 women. This increase was highly significant for both genders, especially for men.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiology of violence in a Danish municipality. Changes in the incidence during the 1980s.

A one-year prospective study of injuries caused by violence was performed at the two casualty wards and at the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Arhus, and the results were compared with those of a similar study done six years earlier. Whereas the population at risk increased by 4% to just over a quarter of a million, the number of cases increased by 14% to 1874 (p = 0.06) and the number of persons by 17% to 1726 (p = 0.01). The overall incidence increased for females from 3.0 to 3.7 per 1000 (maximum 7.4 per 1000 females 35-39 years old), and for males from 10.6 to 11.1 per 1000 (maximum 33.4 per 1000 males 15-19 years old). Statistically significant increase of age-specific incidence rates was only found among females 35-49 years old, where, however, also the largest frequency of repeated registrations was noted. As in the former investigation, almost three-fourths of male violence took place at bars and discotheques or on the street, usually associated with unknown person(s), whereas one-half of female violence occurred at home with the partner as the most frequent counterpart. Police recorded cases increased from 16 to 22% (p less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Epidemiology of violence in a Danish municipality. Changes in severity during the 1980s.

Between April 1987 and April 1988, all assault victims attending the two casualty wards and the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Arhus were registered, and an extensive questionnaire was completed by the casualty ward physician. These data were compared with the data from an analogous study undertaken six years earlier. A total of 1874 patients were victims of personal violence in 1987 compared to 1639 in 1981. The most common cause of injury was one or more blows from a fist and/or kicks (used in approximately 70% of all cases). The present study demonstrated an increasing use of firearms and assaults involving attempts to strangle the victim. Ninety-eight percent of the injuries were classified as no injury or AIS-grade 1-2 in both 1981 and 1987. The number of AIS-grade 2 injuries increased from 1981 to 1987 due to an increased number of facial injuries, but the number of homicides and AIS-grade 4-6 injuries decreased in the interval. Based on the present study, it is concluded that the severity of interpersonal violence did not increase in the Arhus area in the 1980s.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Street violence in Arhus].

As part of a one-year prospective investigation of all violent accidents in Arhus undertaken in the casualty departments and the Medicolegal Institute, the extent and severity of street violence were analysed and compared with violence in and near pubs. Street violence constituted 26% of all accidents due to violence and involved 1.3 persons per day. 75% were blameless and 68% of these were attacked outside the region where they lived. Violence in the street, in pubs and in the vicinity of pubs was concentrated in the centre of the city, in the evening and night hours, at weekends and involved young men. Street violence and violence in the vicinity of pubs differed from violence in pubs in that significantly more of the victims were blameless (approximately 75%), several persons were the perpetrators (approximately 40%) and blows and kicks were combined (approximately 15%). As assessed by the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), the lesions sustained in street injury did not differ from those of violence in or near pubs: 86% were minor injuries, 11% moderate and none proved fatal. 75% of the victims could be treated completely in the casualty department or by the general practitioner or dentist. Street violence is concentrated to the middle of the city, at weekends and in the evening and night hours and is similar in many ways to violence in and near pubs. The authors consider that exposure to street violence is, to a great extent, connected with participation in night life of the city.

Abbreviated Injury Scale↗
PubMed1991

[Violence and women in Arhus. Changes in the 1980's].

As part of a one-year prospective investigation of accidents due to violence in Arhus carried out by the casualty departments and the Institute of Forensic Medicine in cooperation with the Arhus Police and the Crisis centre for female victims of violence, the fraction of violence which involved women was analysed. A total of 492 contacts were received from 424 women. The average age was 32 years. The home was the commonest site of violence with the husband as the commonest perpetrator of violence (192). In 98 cases the perpetrator was unknown. The majority had received blunt injuries (blows and/or kicks). The lesions frequently appeared to be limited from a therapeutic viewpoint. In 143 women, however, the lesions were potentially serious. Thirteen women were hospitalized and 60 were referred for treatment in other departments. Violence was commonest in the evening and night hours and there was a tendency to an increase towards the end of the week. The majority (279) stated that the episode was not their fault. The police were contacted in 25% of the cases. A total of 164 requests were made for access to the Crisis Centre by female victims of violence. Of these, 30 women had been seen by a doctor and 23 had previously been hospitalized. Compared with conditions five years previously, a considerable increase in the number of registered violent accidents to women was observed. On the other hand, no definite evidence was found that the nature of the violence to which they had been exposed had altered during the past five years.

Accidents↗
PubMed1991

The cost of hospitalizing hip fracture patients has increased despite shorter hospitalization time.

The cost and time of hospitalization were analysed for 4161 hip fractures in 3898 patients aged 40 years or over treated in a Danish municipality from 1970 to 1985. The mean hospitalization time decreased from 32 to 21 days (P less than 0.0005). This tendency was most pronounced for patients who were treated with osteosynthesis. However, the annual number of fractures increased from 134 to 367. Consequently, the bed use rose 79 per cent. As the number of hip fractures is predicted to increase further, the total number of bed-days required by these patients will probably also continue to increase. In addition, the standard expense per day for a hospitalized orthopaedic patient increased from 372 to 2982 DKK. Thus, the mean expense per patient was 12,000 DKK in 1970 versus 63,000 in 1985, i.e. the total expense increased 1433 per cent. After adjustment for price indexes the increase was 362 per cent. The total cost of acute hospital care of hip fractures in Denmark was estimated to be greater than 0.5 billion DKK in 1985.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[CS tear gas spray as an injurious agent. Clinical aspects].

Eight cases are described, in which illegally imported CS-tear gas spray ("self-defence spray") were used in connection with malice or robbery. Analysis of the content of the sprays revealed small amounts of CS (0.2 per cent), but large amounts of solvents and propellants. The latter are presumed to have contributed to the symptoms. Exposure to CS-tear gas spray is usually harmless, but skin manifestations such as ulcerations, Quincke-like oedema in the face and allergic dermatitis have been reported by other authors. Theoretically, CS-particles may adhere to the cornea. Examination of the eye is therefore recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Whipple's resection in cancer of Vater's ampulla and the pancreatic head].

A review is presented of 62 Whipple's resections between 1962 and 1984 for adenocarcinoma of the choledocho-duodenal junction (CDJ) and pancreatic head (PH). The operation was radical in 17 patients with CDJ (94%) and in 34 patients with PH cancer (77%). The cumulative 5-year survival rates were 22% and 9%, respectively. The overall perioperative mortality was 23%, but was lowered to 11% during the last five years. Histology, size of tumour and age also influenced survival. Sixteen of the 32 radically operated patients who survived more than three months had a period without pain. Whipple's resection is still the only hope for cure in otherwise fit patients with CDJ or PH cancer, estimated to be radically resectable by pre- and peroperative investigations. The operation should be centralized in a few departments.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

The Ottosson repair in lateral instability of the ankle.

A follow-up study is presented of 27 patients with 29 ankles treated for disabling lateral instability by a modification of the Evans repair, previously described by Ottosson. The median follow-up period was 39 months. Excellent or good results were found in 93% of the ankles. We recommend this modification, as it is technically simple and efficient.

Adolescent↗