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Biomedical subjects

H M Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to H M Sharma.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Triglycerides, lipid droplets, and lysosomes in aorta smooth muscle cells during the control of cell proliferation with polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E.

The effects of 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid [20:3 (n--6)], 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid [20:4 (n--6)], and alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) on the morphology of smooth muscle cells from the guinea pig were studied in tissue culture. Cells were examined by phase and contrast interference microscopy, histochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy for the appearance of lipid droplets and lysosomes. The addition of 120 microM 20:3 (n--6) to the media produces large increases in the number of both lipid droplets and lysosomes. The addition of 10 microM vitamin E to the media has no effect on the morphology of smooth muscle cells. Large increases in the number of both lipid droplets and lysosomes are produced when vitamin E is added together with 20:3 (n--6). Thus, vitamin E has no effects on the morphologic changes induced by 20:3 (n--6). Lipid analyses showed that 80 per cent of the fatty acid taken into the cells is incorporated into triglyceride. Phospholipids incorporated about 17 per cent of the labeled fatty acid while cholesteryl esters, free fatty acids, and a polar neutral lipid fraction each incorporated less than 1 per cent of the labeled fatty acids. Gas liquid chromatography showed that the labeled fatty acid is recovered from the triglyceride fraction with little chain elongation and desaturation. Vitamin E has not effect on the uptake and distribution of labeled fatty acid in smooth muscle cells. 20:3 (n--6) and 20:4 (n--6) are inhibitors of cell proliferation when they are added to cells seeded at low cell density. 20:3 (n--6) has no effect on cell proliferation when it is added to a confluent monolayer which is subsequently split and grown at low cell density. Lipid droplets disappear as these pretreated cells grow. Vitamin E in the presence or absence of fatty acid enhances cell proliferation. The vitamin E and pretreatment studies show that cell proliferation is not related directly to triglyceride accumulation, the formation of lipid droplets, or enhanced lysosomal enzyme activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis in extreme allergy. Immunopathological comparison with nonallergic gastrointestinal disease.

Intestinal mucosal biopsy immunoglobulin content in a patient with eosinophilia, allergic gastroenteropathy (atopy, food sensitivities, protein-losing enteropathy, iron deficiency anemia, and growth retardation), and hyperimmunoglobulinemia E (68,000 units) was compared with that of a control group and a group with eosinophilic gastroenteritis who had no atopic features. The patient had no evidence of cellular or humoral immunodeficiency but was severely hypersensitive to multiple inhalant and dietary allergens. In contrast to the findings in patients with nonallergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis, whose intestinal immunoglobulin content was similar to that of controls, tissue immunoglobulin IgE and IgG was markedly increased in the allergic patient. These results support an intestinal reaginic mechanism in the etiology of the allergic form of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Immunohistochemistry of human cutaneous sarcoidosis: a study of nine cases.

Biopsy specimens of sarcoid skin lesions from nine patients with sarcoidosis were examined for the presence of immunoglobulins, complement (C3 and C4), and fibrinogen. Granulomas in all skin lesions were positive only for fibrinogen. The literature relating to the immunohistochemistry of sarcoidosis is reviewed and its significance discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical significance of the 1-hour biopsy in renal transplantation.

Biopsy specimens were obtained from 43 transplanted kidneys at the time of excision from the donor but prior to revascularization, and 1 hr after revascularization. Two independent laboratories evaluated specimens by immunofluorescent techniques for the presence of IgM, IgA, IgG, C'3, and fibrin. Results from the two laboratories examined for reproducibility and immunological specificity, and correlated with clinical course. Results show that immunoglobulin deposition seen in the 1-hr renal biopsy specimens is of little significance, because: (1) immunoglobulin deposition was difficult to quantitate reliably, (2) the presence of immunoglobulins did not correlate with clinical course, and (3) the majority of immunoglobulin deposition detected was not immunologically specific, since it was most often either present prior to vascularization or disappeared with vascularization.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1977

Fatty acids and their prostaglandin derivatives: inhibitors of proliferation in aortic smooth muscle cells.

Prostaglandins are synthesized from eicosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid and eicosa-5,8,11-14-tetraenoic acid by smooth muscle cell cultures from guinea pig aorta. Production is inhibited by indomethacin. The precursor fatty acids and their prostaglandin derivatives inhibit proliferation of the cell cultures. The relative availability of fatty acids for prostaglandin biosynthesis may represent a control mechanism for cell proliferation.

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid↗
PubMed1977

Differential inhibitory effects of vitamin E and other antioxidants on prostaglandin synthetase, platelet aggregation and lipoxidase.

Prostaglandin biosynthesis from eicosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid in microsomes from the bovine vesicular gland is inhibited by the antioxidants alpha-naphthol. guaiacol, NDGA and propyl gallate. Prostaglandin biosynthesis in this system is not inhibited by the antioxidants BHT, DL-alpha-tocopherol and Trolox C. Arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation is inhibited by specifically by alpha-naphthol. guaiacol, NDGA and propyl gallate. Both arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation and ADP induced platelet aggregation are inhibited non-specifically by the antioxidants BHT, DL-alpha-tocopherol and Trolox C. All antioxidants tested in this study inhibit soybean lipoxidase. Thus alpha-naphthol, NDGA and propyl gallate are non-specific inhibitors of both prostaglandin synthetase and soybean lipoxidase while BHT, DL-alpha-tocopherol and Trolox C are specific inhibitors of soybean lipoxidase alone.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1977

Experimental aortic lesions of acute serum sickness in rabbits.

The mechanisms by which serum sickness cause lesions in the aortic intima are not known. The early aortic lesions of serum sickness detected by permeability to Evans blue dye were studied morphologically to determine the chronologic sequence of lesion initiation and immunochemically with fluorescein-labeled rabbit IgG and bovine serum albumin to detect the presence of antigen and antibody. The topographic localization of lesions and the morphologic changes observed suggest that endothelial injury occurs first, probably due to immune complex deposition, and that platelets play a secondary or reactive role in the process.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Müllerian adenosarcoma of the uterine cervix with heterologous elements: a light and electron microscopic study.

A müllerian adenosarcoma with heterologous elements having the gross appearance of a sarcoma botryoides occurred in the uterine cervix of a 14-year-old girl. Histologically, the tumor was composed of an admixture of benign-appearing glands and a sarcomatous stroma, the latter containing areas of undifferentiated sarcoma and endometrial stromal sarcoma, as well as heterologous elements consisting of rhabdomyosarcoma and hyaline cartilage. No malignant epithelial component was observed. The distribution of benign müllerian-type glands throughout the tumor simulated a malignant mixed müllerian tumor in appearance. Ultrastructural studies of the stromal elements of the neoplasm suggest origin from primitive müllerian stroma, and the glands have features of primitive müllerian epithelium. This study supports the concept that the malignant mixed müllerian tumor and related müllerian sarcomas originate from a common undifferentiated multipotential müllerian stem cell.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Role of hydroxyl radical scavengers dimethyl sulfoxide, alcohols and methional in the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis.

Prostaglandin biosynthesis from eicosa-8, 11, 14-trienoic acid in microsomes from bovine seminal vesicles is inhibited by relatively high concentrations of hydroxyl radical scavengers: dimethyl sulfoxide, n- and t-butanol, and methional. Methional is a more effective scavenger than t-butanol and dimethyl sulfoxide, two compounds which are more miscible with water than methional. The synthesis of both PGE and PGF is inhibited with incubation systems that promote PGE formation and with incubation systems that promote PGF formation. Furthermore, dimethyl sulfoxide and methional inhibit arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, a reaction involving endoperoxide biosynthesis. The water soluble alcohol, ethanol, stimulates PGF biosynthesis when it is added in the same concentration range as t-butanol. Thus hydroxyl radical scavengers inhibit biosynthesis when their effective concentrations are high and stimulate biosynthesis when their effective concentrations are low. The results of this study and other studies where low concentrations of hydroxyl radical scavengers stimulate both prostaglandin biosynthesis and lipid peroxidation are consistent with a mechanism involving the hydroxyl radical both in the generation of singlet oxygen and the elimination of hydrogen peroxide.

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid↗
PubMed1975

Extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis in children.

The clinical course and renal pathology of 17 children with acute extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis is reported. Patients with systemic diseases associated with renal involvement were excluded. The onset followed streptococcal infection in ten; of these, four have died, one has been transplanted, and the remaining five have completely healed. The mean follow-up of the latter five patients was 32 months (range, 18 to 57 months). Of the other seven patients without evidence of precedeing streptococcal infection, two have died, two have been transplanted, and the remaining three all have hypertension, proteinuria, and reduced creatinine clearance. The mean follow-up of the latter three patients was 29 months (range, 14 to 38 months). The initial renal histopathologic changes and their progress in later renal biopsies is described. The role of various therapeutic agents is discussed. The prognosis in acute extracapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis following streptococcal infection appears to be better than in ones without preceding streptococcal infection.

Acute Disease↗