Biomedical subjects

H Müller-Miny

Publications and source records attributed to H Müller-Miny.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Chondroblastoma of bone. A clinical, radiological, light and immunohistochemical study.

The clinical and morphological findings of 53 chondroblastomas in the files of the Bone Tumour Registry of Westphalia are presented. The mean age of all patients was 19.2 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Forty-two of the tumours (79.8%) were located in the long tubular bones and short tubular bones of the hands and were closely related to the growth plate. Six cases (11.3%) were found in the flat bones, 4 cases (7.5%) in the tarsal bones and 1 case (1.9%) in the craniofacial bones. The characteristic radiological feature of 44 investigated lesions was a mostly eccentric radiolucency with a geographic pattern of bone destruction and matrix calcifications. Periosteal reaction was evident in 9% of the cases. Most tumours demonstrate the typical morphological features of chondroblastoma, but 3 cases resembled a giant cell tumour. In 2 cases a haemangiopericytoma-like growth pattern was observed. Nine of the tumours had an aneurysmal bone cyst-like component. Vascular invasion was seen in 1 case. Immunohistochemically most cells in 30 of the cases and fetal chondroblasts in 3 cases were strongly positive with vimentin and S-100 protein. Collagen type II was positive in the chondroid matrix of the tumours and in fetal cartilage tissue; collagen type VI was present focally around individual tumour cells and was always seen in the chondroid matrix of the lesions and in fetal cartilage. These findings support the cartilaginous nature of these tumours. In paraffin sections, 46.6% of the cases revealed a distinct positive reaction of some tumour cells with the monoclonal cytokeratin antibody KL1 (molecular weight 55-57 kDa). Only 4 of them demonstrated a coexpression with the other monoclonal cytokeratin antibody CK (clone MNF 116, molecular weight 45-56.5 kDa). In paraffin sections all fetal chondroblasts were negative with both cytokeratin antibodies. Frozen sections of 3 tumours showed a strong positive reaction with both cytokeratin antibodies in many chondroblasts, indicating an "aberrant" cytokeratin expression. Osteoclast-like giant cells stained positive with leucocyte-common antigen (LCA) and with the macrophage-associated antibody KP1, but were negative with the other macrophage-associated antibody MAC 387. Recurrence rate was 10.7%. The clinical course of all tumours was benign.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[The sensitivity of computed tomography in the detection of malignant melanomas of the choroid].

193 patients with the ophthalmic diagnosis of a primary choroidal melanoma were studied by computed tomography (CT) in relation to the ultrasound (US) prominence. The location and size as well as the density of the tumour and the vitreous body were measured. The tumour was observed most frequently in the fifth, sixth, and seventh decades of life, with a female preponderance in our series. There was a high correlation between CT and US in the average tumour thickness. But we measured a greater thickness in tumours with US prominence less than 3.5 mm and a smaller thickness in tumours with a US prominence greater than 6 mm. 79% of the melanomas could be distinguished by CT. Especially melanomas with an US prominence of less than 3 mm failed to be detected. The smallest tumour that could be differentiated by CT had a prominence of 2 mm, the largest missed had a prominence of 3.5 mm. In 75% of our contrast CT in patients with 2.5 and 3 mm prominence we could diagnose the tumour, in the noncontrast CT it was only possible in 34%. The enhancement of the vitreous body and the tumour were noted in all patients with contrast CT, the average density increased in the vitreous body for 22% and in the melanoma for 30%. Hence, it is essential to use intravenous contrast media in small choroidal melanomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[The x-ray morphology of parosteal osteosarcoma (POS)].

31 cases of parosteal osteosarcoma (POS) including both the differentiated and dedifferentiated variant were reviewed. Most patients were in the second and third decades of life. The tumours usually arose in the meta-diaphyseal (52%) and diaphyseal (33%) portion of long bones with a predilection for the knee (55%). Twenty-seven percent of patients showed involvement of the medullary cavity. 68% of lesions affected the bone cortex. A periosteal reaction was observed in 24% of patients. The characteristic but not pathognomic sign of a fine radiolucent line separating the tumour from the cortex was seen in only 48%. No characteristic radiographic features were evident that allowed a differentiation between the differentiated and the dedifferentiated POS. The presence or absence of medullary involvement was no a reliable diagnostic criterion. In all dedifferentiated POS, however, we observed a periosteal reaction.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Radiologic findings following supraglottic and total laryngectomy].

The treatment of carcinoma of the larynx has recently been greatly improved with the development of supraglottic and total laryngectomy. This has also led to a high five year survival rate. The normal postoperative radiological appearances are presented together with the spectrum of relevant radiological investigations and their indications. The most frequently seen postoperative complications and findings in patients with dysphagia are described with special reference to pharyngograms and cineradiography. The morphology of the vibrating segment after laryngectomy in patients who do not develop effective alaryngeal speech is demonstrated.

Cineradiography↗

PubMed1991

[The radiologic evaluation of osteosyntheses].

Surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, and neurosurgeons employ a wide variety of different osteosynthetic devices in the treatment of fractures and in spinal surgery. In order to assess these instruments correctly, the radiologist should be aware of their purpose and normal appearance. The complications should be identified, such as delayed union, pseudarthrosis, dislocation, device loosening, fracture of the device, osteomyelitis, and re-fracture. To evaluate the fixation device adequately two plain radiographs are mandatory. Normal fracture healing and the most commonly used fixation devices, the abnormalities of fracture healing and their complications are discussed.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗

PubMed1990

Musculoskeletal neoplasms: fast low-angle shot MR imaging with and without Gd-DTPA.

In 121 patients, image contrast and contrast-to-noise ratios (C/Ns) obtained with gadolinium diethylene-triaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-enhanced and nonenhanced fast low-angle shot (FLASH) sequences were compared with those achieved with spin-echo (SE) sequences. Among FLASH sequences, contrast between neoplasms and muscle was sufficient with a flip angle of 90 degrees following administration of Gd-DTPA but was 61% lower than that with the T2-weighted SE sequence. High contrast levels were obtained between tumors and bone marrow or fat in sclerotic, calcified, and fibrotic lesions with the use of a flip angle of 90 degrees and in lytic lesions with a flip angle of 10 degrees, reaching 66% of the contrast level obtained with the T1-weighted SE sequence. C/N between tumor and surrounding tissue was always significantly lower with FLASH sequences than with the ideal SE sequences usually used for tumor delineation. Thus, a replacement of the T2-weighted SE sequences by FLASH sequences cannot be recommended. A replacement of the T1-weighted SE sequences by FLASH sequences seems possible but does not significantly reduce examination time.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Tuberculous spondylitis following BCG vaccination].

A case of a rare form of BCG osteomyelitis in the spine is presented. After vaccination, the disease started with a lymphadenitis. Later an abscess extended from the pelvic along the psoas muscles into the retroperitoneum. The soft tissue mass extended paraspinally and epidural involvement was also apparent. The vertebral involvement was detected by CT. The radiological findings are discussed with reference to the literature.

BCG Vaccine↗

PubMed1990

[Thoracic sarcoidosis].

Sarcoidosis is essentially a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. The pathogenesis is assumed to consist in an abnormal immune reaction to a still unidentified antigen. The commonest manifestations of sarcoidosis are mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltrates. The complex variety of clinical presentations of sarcoidosis means that the differential diagnosis has to include a wide range of entities. The clinical and radiological features of thoracic sarcoidosis are described, and the spectrum of relevant investigations is discussed. With respect to radiological diagnosis, computed tomography, with its higher sensitivity than other techniques, is of particular value for the precise determination of the morphological correlate of pulmonary and nodal changes and their functional relevance.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1989

[The x-ray morphology of chondromyxoid fibroma].

29 cases of chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) from the material submitted to the Bone Tumour Register in Münster were reviewed. The tumour was observed most frequently in the second and third decades of life, with a slight female preponderance in our series. The diaphyseal and metaphyseal regions of the lower limb were most commonly affected, with a particular predisposition for the knee. The lesions were located eccentrically in 71% showed cortical expansion in 72%, and pseudotrabeculation in 51% of cases. The lytic patterns were classified as Lodwick IA in 35%, as Lodwick IB in 45%, as Lodwick IC in 17% and as Lodwick II in 3% of cases. Due to the absence of characteristic radiographic features, the differential diagnosis from aneurysmal bone cyst, giant cell tumours and non-ossifying fibroma is often difficult. Radiographic findings would however indicate benignity and, therefore, help to differentiate the lesion from chondrosarcoma, to which it bears strong histological similarity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[The use of gadolinium-DTPA in inflammatory bone diseases].

In bacterial osteomyelitis and arthritis para-osseous spreading is sensitively detected by Gadolinium-DTPA. Abscessed cavities and membranes are better imaged than with T1- and T2-weighted MRT-sequences without contrast medium. In chronic osteomyelitis it is of advantage, that also florid inflammatory process can be detected. Gadolinium-DTPA selectively induces a signal increase in the synovial pannus, that allows the differentiation from articular effusion. In inflamed para-articular soft tissue only a retarded signal increase is detectable.

Arthritis↗

PubMed1989

[Early signs of arthrosis of the hip joint in MRT].

The hips of 8 young volunteers were investigated with high resolution MRI. The purpose of this study was to establish an imaging protocol to visualize hyaline cartilage, synovial fluid, and subchondral bone with optimized contrast. Spin Echo (SE) and Gradient Echo (GE) sequences were compared. FISP with a flip angle of 70 degrees was superior to the other techniques. The same sequences were applied on 45 volunteers aged 65-93 years. Early signs of degenerative arthritis of the hip were demonstrated as thinning, variable signal intensities within the cartilage layer, and cartilage loss. MRI of the hip may be a useful tool for the detection of early degenerative cartilage damage which cannot be documented with conventional x-rays.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

[Computerized tomography imaging of shoulder joint injuries].

In addition to conventional radiography using standard and special projections, CT offers valuable information in selected cases. Native CT allows detection of minimal bony lesions, which may cause severe pain that is resistant to therapy. Small amounts of joint effusion as well as the Hill-Sachs impression fracture of the humeral head can be detected with a high degree of accuracy. Following intra-articular injection of contrast medium, CT-arthrography enables visualization of capsular and ligamentous injuries of the shoulder joint. Lesions of the glenoid labrum following shoulder dislocation can be detected and classified by this method.

Arthrography↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Is there a hazard to health by mercury exposure from amalgam due to MRI?

The local magnetic fields from computer monitors are well known. Recently a hypothesis was published that these magnetic fields may lead to a 400% increase of mercury dissolution from dental amalgam fillings. In MRI the exposure to the magnetic field exceeds by far the exposure from computer monitors. Therefore, this study examined the amalgam-related mercury release for typical MRI conditions, separated for both the static and the variable magnetic fields in a 1.5 T MR-unit. First, 20 dental cavities were filled with a non-gamma-2 amalgam, and the mercury release was measured for 14 days in a non-magnetic environment. Second, one half of the specimens were exposed to a static magnetic field for 24 hours (group A), while the other specimens were exposed to a repetitive gradient echo sequence for 60 minutes (group B). In both experiments there was no significant increase in mercury release due to MRI. This in vitro study demonstrated no evidence of an elevated mercury dissolution from a non-gamma-2 amalgam during magnetic field exposure by MRI; therefore, there is no increased risk to health.

Dental Amalgam↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical use of magnification radiography in rheumatologic differential diagnosis].

Rheumatologic joint disorders were examined with high-definition microfocal magnification radiography. The magnification technique was compared to conventional radiographs (mammographic film-screen combinations). The microfocal x-ray unit had a spot size of 20-130 microns. Fourty patients with early arthritis (history of less than 18 months) were examined; x5 magnification was used. Digital luminescence radiography was employed to minimize radiation dose. Digital image processing included simulation of conventional technique and edge enhancement. Magnification radiographs and conventional technique were evaluated. In 20/40 patients articular lesions were detected. Magnification radiography gave additional information in 14/20 patients: in 5/14 patients lesions were seen only with magnification radiography (erosions n = 3, loss of the cortical white line n = 2), in 9/14 patients the extent of the lesions could be evaluated better. Hence, magnification radiography proved a valuable mean in early diagnosing and evaluating rheumatic disease.

Adolescent↗