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Biomedical subjects

H Matsue

Publications and source records attributed to H Matsue.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Folate receptors targeted to clathrin-coated pits cannot regulate vitamin uptake.

Potocytosis is an endocytic process that is specialized for the internalization of small molecules. Recent studies on the uptake of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate by the folate receptor have suggested that the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor on this protein causes it to cluster and be internalized by caveolae instead of coated pits. To test this hypothesis directly, we have constructed a chimeric folate receptor that has the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor replaced with the transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail of the low density lipoprotein receptor. The cells with wild-type receptors delivered 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to the cytoplasm more rapidly than did cells expressing the chimeric receptor. This suggests that efficient delivery to the cytoplasm depends on caveolae. In sharp contrast to cells with wild-type folate receptors, cells internalizing folate by clathrin-coated pits were unable to decrease vitamin uptake when they were either folate replete or confluent.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Keratinocytes constitutively express the Fas antigen that mediates apoptosis in IFN gamma-treated cultured keratinocytes.

The Fas antigen is a cell surface protein that can mediate apoptosis in many cell types. Although its physiological function is still unclear, recent evidence indicates that this surface molecule is involved in apoptosis in the immune system and the liver. The epidermis is an organ that undergoes terminal differentiation with the eventual death of keratinocytes, and it has been suggested that this is a specialized form of apoptosis. In the present study, we examined whether or not the Fas antigen is involved in keratinocyte apoptosis. Immunoreactivity for the Fas antigen was found throughout the epidermis in normal human skin sections and cultured normal human keratinocytes, and mRNA for the Fas antigen was found to be constitutively expressed in normal epidermis and cultured normal keratinocytes by RT-PCR analysis. To determine whether the Fas antigen in keratinocytes is functional, we used a cytotoxic monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the Fas antigen to induce apoptosis. This antibody did not induce apoptosis of cultured keratinocytes even though they expressed the Fas antigen. We then tested the ability of several cytokines (TGF beta, TNF alpha and IFN gamma) to induce Fas-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis. Only pretreatment with IFN gamma followed by the addition of the anti-Fas mAb induced apoptosis, as assessed by cell viability, morphological changes and ultrastructural characteristics, suggesting that constitutive expression of the Fas antigen is not sufficient to induce apoptosis in keratinocytes and that keratinocyte apoptosis via the Fas antigen-mediated mechanism may require the activation of keratinocytes by IFN gamma, which is thought to be produced by activated T cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

Chemical structure of the carbohydrate moiety of fucose-rich glycopeptides from human pancreatic juice.

Human pancreatic juice, obtained from nine patients after partial excision of the pancreas for bile duct cancer, was fractionated in order to isolate its glycopeptides. Three glycopeptides were purified employing ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. All the glycopeptides were found to be free of sialic acid and galactosamine but to have an unusually high content of L-fucose. The chemical structures of the three glycopeptides were determined using 500-MHz [1H]-NMR spectroscopy. One of them, glycopeptide, GP-4, possessed a biantennary structure with three L-fucose residues. The second glycopeptide, GP-3, had a triantennary structure with four L-fucose residues, and the third one, G-2, had a tetra-antennary structure with five L-fucose residues. The chemical compositions of these glycopeptides, including the absence of sialic acid and the high L-fucose content, indicate that they represent a new class of glycopeptide present in the normal human pancreas.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Interleukin-7-dependent interaction of dendritic epidermal T cells with keratinocytes.

Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC), a member of the epithelial tissue-type gamma delta T-cell family, are characterized by their exclusive residence within mouse epidermis, their dendritic morphology, and their monoclonal nature in the T-cell-receptor configuration. Here we review our recent studies on the interleukin (IL)-7-dependent interaction of DETC with neighboring keratinocytes. Keratinocytes express constitutively the mRNAs for IL-7 and secrete biologically relevant amounts of IL-7. This cytokine, in turn, serves as a growth factor for DETC, as evidenced by the proliferative responses to recombinant or keratinocyte-derived IL-7 of the 7-17 DETC line and of DETC freshly purified from mouse skin. The 7-17 DETC line undergoes apoptotic cell death in response to external stimuli known to deplete DETC in situ (e.g., ultraviolet B radiation or corticosteroid treatment), and IL-7 prevents this apoptosis, thereby promoting long-term survival. These results document the crucial role played by IL-7 in maintaining the survival and growth of DETC in epidermis. IL-7 mRNA expression in keratinocytes is abrogated by ultraviolet B radiation, whereas it is up-regulated by interferon-gamma, which is secreted by DETC upon activation. More specifically, interferon-gamma induces the preferential expression of truncated forms (2.6 and 1.5 kb) of IL-7 transcripts, in addition to the 2.9- and 1.7-kb transcripts that are expressed constitutively, and this regulation occurs through the usage of alternative transcription initiation sites. These results suggest unique pathways through which IL-7 production is regulated in keratinocytes by external stimuli (e.g., ultraviolet B) as well as T-cell-derived cytokines (e.g., interferon-gamma). We propose that keratinocyte-derived IL-7 is an essential component of the epidermal cytokine milieu.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Contact sensitization induces proliferation of heterogeneous populations of hapten-specific T cells.

To characterize the T cells that are activated during the induction of contact hypersensitivity (CH), two sets of studies were conducted: 1) dinitrophenol (DNP)-specific proliferative responses of T cells in draining lymph nodes of BALB/c mice sensitized epicutaneously to dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) were examined, and 2) from these lymph node cells, DNP-specific T cells were cloned by limiting dilution microculture and analyzed by FACS for surface markers, by RT-PCR, HT2 bioassay and ELISA for cytokine expression at mRNA and protein levels respectively, and by proliferation assay for cytokine and antigen-presenting cell (APC) requirements. Our results show that alpha beta TCR-bearing T cells of both the CD4+ and CD8+ subtypes from lymph nodes of DNFB-skin-painted mice proliferate specifically to dinitrobenzene sulfonate (DNBS) in vitro. Four DNP-specific, CD4+ T-cell clones were characterized: clone 5S4 secreted IL-4 and required Il-4 for optimal growth; clone 5S10 secreted IL-2 and required IL-2 for optimal growth; clone 5S2 secreted IL-4 but required IL-2 for optimal growth; and clone 5S8 secreted IL-2 predominantly at 5 months, but switched to production of IL-4 at 7 months. All four clones secreted IL-10, and proliferated to DNBS when Langerhans cell (LC)-enriched epidermal cells were used as APC. These findings indicate that heterogeneous populations of DNP-specific T cells are activated in draining lymph nodes during the induction of CH to DNFB in BALB/c mice.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1994

An investigation of the antitumor peptidoglycan fraction from squid ink.

Squid ink, which has little commercial use and is usually discarded, was extracted using a Tris-HCl buffer (pH 6.8). The extract was fractionated using DEAE Sephacel ion-exchange chromatography and Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration to give a peptidoglycan fraction which exhibited strong antitumor activity against Meth-A fibrosarcoma in BALB/c mice following intraperitoneal administration. The fraction was composed of 7.8% peptide, 57% polysaccharide and 30% pigment. The polysaccharide component had a unique structure with equimolar ratios of GlcA, GalNAc and Fuc. Since the fraction has no direct cytotoxic effect on Meth-A cells, inhibition of tumor growth may be due to stimulation of host-mediated responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Folate receptor allows cells to grow in low concentrations of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate.

The folate receptor mediates the uptake of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in certain cultured cells by a process called potocytosis. When these cells are grown in physiological concentrations of folate, the receptor increases the efficiency of vitamin uptake by 30-fold. We now show that PAM 212 cells, a mouse keratinocyte cell line, are unable to grow in 1 nM 5-methyltetrahydrofolate unless they express a functional folate receptor. These results suggest that under certain conditions, tissue cells in the body may depend on the folate receptor to obtain enough 5-methyltetrahydrofolate for growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Langerhans cells are the major source of mRNA for IL-1 beta and MIP-1 alpha among unstimulated mouse epidermal cells.

Immunocompetent cells of the epidermis can interact by the elaboration and recognition of cytokines. Although much new information has been reported concerning the cytokines secreted by keratinocytes, little is known about cytokines derived from Langerhans cells (LC). To address this deficiency, we examined cytokine mRNA profiles in different epidermal preparations from BALB/c mice, taking advantage of the sensitive technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), after reverse transcription of mRNA. In assays of epidermal sheets separated from dermis by ammonium thiocyanate, mRNA for IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-7, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), TNF beta, granulocyte macrophage/colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) were unequivocally present. By contrast, faint bands were detected for IL-4, IL-5, and interferon gamma (IFN gamma), and no PCR signal was detected for IL-2. Importantly, assays of epidermal cells (EC) dissociated with trypsin revealed similar mRNA profiles. To determine the effects of cell isolation, fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS)-purified Ia- EC were first analyzed; all of the previously cited cytokine mRNA were present except for IL-1 beta and MIP-1 alpha. EC depleted of LC by a second technique, lysis using anti-Ia monoclonal antibody and complement, revealed similar profiles, with substantially reduced PCR signals for IL-1 beta and MIP-1 alpha. Finally, FACS-purified LC (Ia+ EC) clearly expressed IL-1 beta and MIP-1 alpha mRNA, a finding that was verified by Southern blotting using internal oligo probes. We conclude that these cell-isolation procedures did not produce substantial alterations in basal mRNA profiles and that LC are the principal source of mRNA for IL-1 beta and MIP-1 alpha among unstimulated EC in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Cytokine expression by epidermal cell subpopulations.

Epidermal cells (EC) are a rich source of cytokines that can regulate the function of cells in skin and in other tissues. To organize the array of data pertaining to cytokine expression by EC subpopulations, we have tabulated such data according to cell source, state of cell activation, and type of assay employed. This information forms a background for our own studies, in which reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to show that Langerhans cells (LC) are the principal source of mRNA for interleukin 1 beta and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) among unstimulated mouse EC.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Radiologic features of focal nodular hyperplasia. Comparison with hepatocellular carcinoma by angiography and CT scan].

Radiographic features of eight focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of livers of 6 patients were described in comparison with those of 72 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In arterial angiograms, 3 of the examined 4 FNH showed a large tumor vessel entering the center of the lesion. However, 1 of the examined HCC (1/39) had such a vessel. Tumor vessels in all of the examined FNH (4/4) were mainly curvilinear, without an encased and obstructive appearance. These angiographic features were not found in the examined HCC (0/39). Spoke-wheel patterns of tumor vessels were observed in 2 FNH (2/4) and in 3 HCC (3/39). In CT scan without contrast imaging, 5 HCC (5/39) and 3 FNH (3/5) were isodense. One of HCC (1/50) and 3 FNH (3/5) were isodense in the late phases of dynamic CT images. 4 HCC (4/50) and 4 FNH (4/5) had an irregular margin in the lesions. 5 HCC (5/50) and 4 FNH (4/5) demonstrated central low density areas in lesions in the early phases of dynamic CT imaging. In the late phases of the image, central high density areas in lesions were found in 2 HCC (2/50) and 3 FNH (3/5). Based on the above radiographic features such as a large tumor vessel having a curvilineal appearance, irregular margin of the lesions in FNH, we conclude that it is possible to make a differential diagnosis between FNH and HCC clinically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Localization of the estrogen-binding site of alpha-fetoprotein in the chimeric human-rat proteins.

Rat alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been demonstrated to bind estrogen, whereas human AFP lacks the activity. We constructed four chimeric molecules from cDNAs encoding these AFPs with the use of two restriction sites common to them and expressed them as well as rat and human AFP cDNA in yeast. The recombinant molecules were purified, characterized, and found to have the predicted structures. Analyses of estrogen binding indicated that a rat AFP sequence composed of residues 423-506 that contains 31 rat-specific amino acids is essential for the activity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Liver metastases of mucinous colorectal carcinoma: clinico-radiological study of six cases].

Clinico-radiological study was attempted in 6 cases of liver metastases from mucinous colo-rectal carcinoma. On plain Computed Tomography (CT) scans (n = 6), tumors were demonstrated as a low density area in 83% and its margin was unclear and irregular in all cases. On enhanced CT scans (n = 6), marginal enhancement of the lesion was recognized in 50%, while neither internal enhancement nor peripheral low density area as commonly seen in metastatic adenocarcinoma was revealed. Ultrasonography (US) (n = 5) showed homogeneous echogenic mass in all lesions and angiography (n = 4) did hypovascular mass with displacement above. For differential diagnosis of mucinous carcinoma from adenocarcinoma metastasized from colo-rectal cancer, integrated diagnosis using CT and US is necessary.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1990

Epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA is not increased in psoriatic skin.

Poly(A)+mRNAs were purified from the skin sheets of five psoriatic patients and three healthy individuals, and mRNA expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor gene was studied by Northern-blot technique using a cDNA probe of the whole EGF-receptor gene. Both psoriatic and normal skin had 5.3-kb and 11.0-kb mRNAs of the EGF-receptor gene. There existed no clear differences in the mRNA levels between psoriasis and normal controls. Since Nanney et al. has reported an increased number of EGF-receptors in active lesions of psoriasis, it has been speculated that the production of EGF-receptors is not increased, but rather that the down-regulation may be decreased, in psoriatic skin, resulting in the increased number of EGF-receptors.

Actins↗
PubMed1990

[A study of image processing in CR mammography; gradation processing].

CR image is made by several kinds of image processing. Gradation processing is most important to make images among them and its type can be decided by the kinds of x-ray examinations. 1.2 G gradation processing is generally recommended for CR-mammography by the CR maker, but it has not been fully studied that whether 1.2G was the ideal one or not to image masses and/or calcifications. So, we compared the image obtained by 1.2G gradation processing with one by 1.0 d gradation processing that we made about imaging sensitivity of them in 18 cases with breast cancer. 15 out of 18 cases had good mass images and all of 6 cases showed good calcified images in the latter condition due to its high declination ( = gamma). So, we have concluded that 1.0 d gradation processing was better than 1.2G in CR-mammography.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[A trial of selective imaging for the breast mass shadow by computed radiography].

CR has ability to make many kinds of images by several imaging processings. Especially, gradation processing is more important than frequency processing to make images in CR mammography. We developed new method to image breast masses selectively with new gradation processing and tried it for 18 patients over sixty years old with breast cancer. All of breast mass shadows were separated selectively from other parenchymal shadow. So, we conclude that the auto-recognition of breast mass shadow can be possible in near future in CR system.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Preoperative ultrasonography screening for liver metastases of patients with colorectal cancer.

The clinical value of preoperative ultrasonography in screening for synchronous liver metastases was prospectively evaluated in 338 patients with colorectal cancer. Synchronous liver metastases were observed at laparotomy in 11.5% (39/338) of the patients. The liver metastases had been found by preoperative ultrasonography in 30 patients and missed in nine. The overall accuracy rate, sensitivity and specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values of this modality were 0.970, 0.769, 0.997, 0.968 and 0.971, respectively. In detecting liver metastases, the results were superior to those of biochemical blood tests and measurements of carcinoembryonic antigen serum levels. The accuracy of the ultrasonography was also superior to that of these other tests combined. The results indicate ultrasonography to be an indispensable preoperative examination for patients with colorectal cancer.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗