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Biomedical subjects

H Meier

Publications and source records attributed to H Meier.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Mounting devices for screening blocks on the linear accelerator--the drawbacks and modifications].

Block mounting devices for linacs--drawbacks and modifications: Shielding blocks are often used in radiotherapy. They are fixed on the linac's head by means of standard accessory mounting devices. The disadvantages of these parts are discussed and two modifications are presented: One device with adjustable focus-support distance for standard lead blocks and another with gliding planes to insert easily the heavy individually formed shielding blocks. Errors in mounting of all these devices are very dangerous, so we developed a simple locking lever providing a high security.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1990

[Special aspects of abdominal adhesions in children].

Relaparotomy in children was necessary in 2.6% of 4902 cases because of adhesions (80% within 2 years). Adhesions can be differentiated histologically by the number of blood vessels. In the highly vascular adhesions arteries and veins are united in a common cord of connective tissue. Whereas the less vascular characteristically have a dense connective tissue rich in collagen. The number of capillaries distributed within the connective tissue varies. Some adhesions have a mixed tissue type of both tissues rich and poor in blood vessels. All adhesions are peripherally delimited by a different number of fibrous layers.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of native crude fibers on the true digestibility of nitrogen and the amino acids].

In several test series with rats, the influence of native crude fibres (straw meal and pea hulls) on the amount of metabolic fecal nitrogen (MFN) was tested. It could be ascertained that native crude fibres increase MFN. The influence of the increased MFN on the true digestibility of nitrogen and the amino acids was investigated in test series with casein diets. The casein diets were supplemented with native crude fibres. Generalising, we can state that native crude fibres--due to their structure (lignin)--fix amino acids and thus withhold them from absorption. They do not, however, increase the MFN by mechanical action (increase of the scraping off of intestinal epithelium).

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of truly digestible lysine on live weight gain in rats].

It is to be proved in model experiments with rats that calculations with true digestible amino acids are more exact than calculations with the gross amount of amino acids and therefore are advantageous. 7 resp. 6 rations were tested whose gross contents of lysin, methionine and cystin were balanced. Their content of actually digestible lysin differed, however. The results of the two test series show distinctly that the prediction resp. assessment of the animals' performance in dependence on the amino acid content of the rations is most safely based on the actually digestible amino acids.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

[Surgical technic to alleviate anal incontinence using a magnetic anal closure].

Available operative procedures to reduce incontinence are gracilis transplant, levator plastic, free muscle transplantation and pacemakers. Further procedures being tested in clinical trials are electronic cuffs, modified Scott's sphincters, and implantation of cuffs of unstriated muscle. The magnetic anal ring, which has been developed in Erlangen, consists of two halves. Using a sacral approach both parts can be placed around the rectum without opening the bowels. An anal tampon consisting of a magnetic tampon and a tampon covering is responsible for occlusion. The tampon covering consists of polyvinylformalfoam, which guarantees an excellent plugging. Application is similar to tampons for menstruation; tampons can be changed three times a day and the bowel can be emptied normally when a change is made. In order to work successfully the tampon is pressure adapted to the pressure profile of the large bowel. Histologic investigations of the mucosa did not show any alterations. Megacolon or megarectum proximal to the anal ring did not occur.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1979

Malformations of the lungs: analysis of the postoperative deaths and conclusions for improvement in therapy.

Complications of pulmonary surgery in childhood which should be prevented are: 1. Wrong indication for thoracotomy. An exact preoperative diagnosis including angiography is necessary to diagnose exactly the morphological abnormalities (i.e. arteriovenous fistulae). 2. Technical mistakes: Identifying vascular connections in cases of sequestrations of the lung which may transverse the diaphragm; priority of ligation of the vessels in pulmonary resections carried out for arterio-venous fistulae, i.e. the artery must be ligated first then the vein. If haemorrhage will occur from the vena cava, longitudinal clamps must be applied. Blindly carried out punctures of the lung are contraindicated. Pleural drainage catheters should be placed one intercostal space higher than the hole where they pass through the skin. In cases with cysts of the lung (i.e. echinococcus) where there is a danger of a rupture of the cyst into a bronchus, unilateral intubation is indicated.

Child↗
PubMed1979

[The forensic value of the length and weight of newborns, the placental weight and the correlation between placental and newborn weight in the evaluation of paternity (author's transl)].

The length of the infant, the weight of the infant, the weight of the placenta, and the correlation between the weight of the placenta and the weight of the infant are coarse parameters for the estimation of the maturity of an infant. We plotted these parameters of 20,000 deliveries in relationship to the stated length of gestation from 23--46 weeks. Our results correspond to those quoted in the literature. The values of the parameters show a marked variation which is accentuated by the small number of cases with very short or very prolonged gestation. These parameters are only of limited value in the determination of the paternity. The mean values including the first standard deviations are of some importance.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

[Continuously measuring procedures for the determination of alpha-amylase in serum. Comparison with amyloklastic and chromolytic methods (author's transl)].

Alpha-amylase has been measured in 57 patients' sera with normal to highly elevated amylase activities. The results obtained with four enzymatic-kinetic test-kits have been compared with those from five conventional marketed procedures. The results are evaluated by regression analysis. The specificity of the methods was analysed with amylase samples from human pancreas, human saliva and pig pancreas. The susceptibility of the kinetic procedures to interferences is smaller. The problems of conversion of activity units and reference ranges are discussed. The UltraZyme and the Monamyl neu-methods have been found superior to the other procedures because of their good practicability, precision and broad linear range; their specificity for diagnostic purposes in pancreatic diseases is less favourable compared with that of conventional procedures.

Amylases↗
PubMed1978

Relationship between Moloney MSV tumor resistance and endogenous virogene expression in AKR mouse strain and its hybrids.

We have examined the induction of Moloney-MSV tumors in AKR and other mouse strains in relation to endogenous virus expression. All virus-free strains so far tested were tumor-susceptible, while AKR was resistant. The selectivity of MSV tumor resistance, characteristic of AKR mice, was associated with AKR virogens segregation in first backcross to MuLV-negative/MSV-susceptible mice, and in a few second backcross families. Stronger evidence that AKR ecotropic virogene expression is the major, but not the sole, determinant of M-MSV tumor resistance in AKR mice was obtained in strains partially congeneic for akv-2 viral gene and in recombinant inbred lines derived from an original cross between AKR and C57L mice. These mice or lines, in which inheritance of endogenous viral genes had occurred, at the same time inherited the ability to show strong resistance to tumor induction by an exogenous oncogenic virus. This finding suggests that ecotropic endogenous viruses can exert a beneficial effect in their hosts providing some protective functions. Although the association between AKR-MuLV and M-MSV resistance is definite, the mechanisms by which MuLV+ mice are refractory to M-MSV tumors have still to be elucidated.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Intraoperative endoscopy in oesophageal atresia and anorectal anomalies.

In four children with oesophageal atresia and two children with high anorectal anomalies a magnetic bougienage respectively a magnetic pull-through procedure have been performed. In all cases the cylinders have been placed under endoscopic control. The endoscopic intraoperative procedure has proved to be very useful in these 6 cases. Having performed a successful bougienage the cylinder of the upper segment can pass distal to the thread in the stomach and can then be grasped with a flexible endoscope via gastrostomy. Endoscopy after magnetic pull-through procedure in anorectal anomalies is necessary in order to control the newly created pathway together with manometry and x-ray studies.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1978

Induction of type C RNA virus from cultured rabbit lymphosarcoma cells.

Type C RNA virus(es) was readily released from primary lymphosarcoma cell cultures of WH/J rabbits after induction with halogenated pyrimidines. The virus contained an RNA-directed DNA polymerase and the p30 structural protein. The rabbit virus RNA-directed DNA polymerase and p30 protein shared antigenic homologies with other mammalian type C oncornaviruses but appear to also possess unique antigenic determinants. Normal rabbit liver contained DNA homologous to a 3H-labeled complementary DNA transcript of the rabbit viral genome, indicating that type C viral genetic information is present in at least the WH/J strain of rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Social class and mental disorders (an empirical study in Zurich canton)].

The correlation of social class and diagnosis, therapy, mode of admission, frequency of hospitalization was tested in a population of 2103 inpatients of the two governmental and of two private mental hospitals of the Canton Zurich. The results fit to the correlations expected from the literature. The therapeutic procedures as far as reported in the case histories are mainly determined by the hospital type, not so clearly by the subject's social class. High educational status and psychotherapy are correlated. The correlation between social class and therapy is resulting of the class specific admission to one of the two hospital types. There was no sign that within one hospital patients of lower social class were placed at a disadvantage in regard to therapeutic procedures.

Educational Status↗
PubMed1977

[Traffic accidents in childhood--an analysis of 4100 cases (author's transl)].

Every hour a child dies as a result of an accident. Most accidents to children occur between 10.00 and 12.00 in the morning and between 15.00 and 17.00 in the afternoon. 2-6 year-old children are particularly liable to accidents. They make up 50% of all accidents to children. 20% of all accidents occur in traffic; in this group especially, the most deaths and multiple injuries are to be seen. An inquiry among 1000 children revealed that their knowledge of traffic behavior is particularly poor; according to the school standards of assessment, one third of all children would not reach the level of the class in this special field. 52% of all children in cars and 36% of all children on bicycles are in danger of their lives.

Accidents, Traffic↗