High field-effect mobility oligofluorene derivatives with high environmental stability.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
H Meng
Publications and source records attributed to H Meng.
[Role of mitochondrial lesion in pathogenesis of sporadic rett syndrome].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of mitochondrial lesion in children with Rett syndrome (RTT). METHODS: The platelets from 6 cases with Rett syndrome and 9 normal controls were fused with mitochondrial DNA-lacking rho degrees cell by polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion technique. The oxygen free radical was evaluated by the polarography with substrates of vitamine C and TMPD (N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl-p-phenlene diamine). The rate of apoptosis was determinated by flow cytometry. The apoptosis was observed by electronic microscope and TUNEL method. The t test between groups was adopted in study. RESULTS: In RTT patients, the anticyano-respiration significantly increased by 23% (t = 4.76, P < 0.01). After 6-hour coincubation with 100 micromol/L H(2)O(2), the rate of apoptosis is (3.6 +/- 1.1) % in normal control, and (9.9 +/- 2.7) % in RTT group with significant difference (t = 6.30, P < 0.01), the existence of apoptosis was confirmed by electronic microscope and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL). CONCLUSION: After mitochondrial DNA transfer, the oxygen free radical increased in mitochondrial respiratory chain in cybrids of RTT children. RTT cybrid cell lines demonstrated an increased sensitivity to H(2)O(2)-induced apoptotic cell death as compared to control cybrids. The mitochondrial lesion might play a role in the pathogenesis of Rett syndrome.
Apoptosis↗
[Unrelated donor allogenetic marrow transplantation in treatment of acute and chronic leukemia].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy against acute and chronic leukemia of unrelated donor allogenetic marrow transplantation (URD-BMT) and to develop methods of preventing and treating complications of URD-BMT. METHODS: Eleven patients, 2 with acute lymphatic leukemia, 2 with acute myelocytic leukemia, and 7 with chronic myelocytic leukemia, were treated by URD-BMT. The median age of the 11 patients, 6 male and 5 females, were 26 years. The conditioning regimen for 10 patients was: BU 4 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) x 4 + CTX 60 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)1 x or TBI 7.5 Gy + CTX 60 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) x 2. Bone marrow with karyocytes in the dose of (2.6 approximately 4.8) x 10(8)/kg, including CD34+ cells in the dose of (3.82 approximately 12.8) x 10(6)/kg, and with the CFU-CM in the dose of (1.71 approximately 3.68) x 10(5)/kg, were transfused. Mycophenolate mofitil, cyclosporine, and methotrexate were given to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Continuous intravenous drip of heparin in low dose with Lipo protaglandin E1 was given to prevent hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). Ganciclovir was used to prevent CMV infection. HLA phenotype was matched in 8 cases, mismatched in one locus in 2 cases, and mismatched in 2 loci in one case. RESULTS: Hematopoietic reconstruction was successful in all of the patients with the neutrophil count of 0.5 x 10(9)/L on the 10th day after transplantation and the platelet count of more than 20 x 10(9)/L on the 27(th) day. Analysis of DNA short series repeated sequence polymorphism showed the survival of bone marrow after transplantation in ten cases. One case of IV grade aGVHD, one case of II grade aGVHD, one case of serious VOD and III grade artrioventricular block, three cases of hemorrhagic cystitis, and one case of interstitial pneumonia occurred, the last case being died. Recurrence of leukemia occurred in one case seven months after the transplantation. That case was given the transfusion of donor's lymphocytes and has been so far under treated. Ten cases are alive in disease-free situation till now. CONCLUSION: URD-BMT is an effective method for the treatment of acute and chronic leukemia. The prophylaxis regimen against aGVHD, VOD, and CMV that we use is effective and safe.
Adolescent↗
Hyperpolarizing shift by quinine in the steady-state inactivation curve of delayed rectifier-type potassium current in bullfrog sympathetic neurons.
Whole-cell recordings were made from dissociated bullfrog sympathetic neurons to examine the actions of quinine (1-100 microM) on the steady-state activation and inactivation curves of a delayed rectifier-type potassium current (I(K)). Quinine (EC50 approximately 8 microM) caused a hyperpolarizing shift (approximately 31 mV with 30 microM) in the inactivation curve of I(K) without significantly affecting its activation curve. Quinine (20 microM) was without effects on the voltage-dependence of a rapidly-inactivating A-type potassium current (I(A)). It is concluded that quinine can selectively modulate the voltage-dependence of I(K) in amphibian autonomic neurons.
Animals↗
Commissural effects in the otolith system.
We examined whether otolith-activated second- and third-order vestibular nucleus neurons received commissural inhibition from the contralateral otolithic macula oriented in the same geometric plane. For this purpose we performed intracellular recording in vestibular nucleus neurons after stimulation of the ipsi- and contralateral utricular and saccular nerves. More than half (41/72) of the utricular-activated second-order vestibular nucleus neurons received commissural inhibition from the contralateral utricular nerve. The remaining neurons (31/72) showed no visible response to contralateral utricular nerve stimulation. About half (17/36) of utricular-activated third-order neurons also received commissural inhibition from the contralateral utricular nerve. Approximately 10% (7/67) of saccular-activated second-order vestibular neurons received polysynaptic commissural inhibition, whereas 16% (11/67) received commissural facilitation. The majority (49/67) of saccular second-order vestibular neurons, and almost all (22/23) third-order neurons, showed no visible response to stimulation of the contralateral saccular nerve. The present findings suggest that many utricular-activated vestibular nucleus neurons receive commissural inhibition, which may provide a mechanism for increasing the sensitivity of vestibular neurons to horizontal linear acceleration and lateral tilt of the head. Commissural inhibition in the saccular system was less prominent than in the utricular system.
Animals↗
Convergence of the horizontal semicircular canal and otolith afferents on cat single vestibular neurons.
We studied the convergence of two afferent pairs of single vestibular neurons by selective stimulation of the horizontal semicircular canal (HC) and saccular (SAC) nerves, and the HC and utricular (UT) nerves in decerebrate cats. All recorded neurons were classified as vestibulospinal (VS), vestibulo-oculospinal (VOS) or vestibulo-ocular (VO), by antidromic stimulation from the oculomotor/trochlear nuclei and the spinal cord: neurons that could not be activated from any test sites were classified as vestibular (V) neurons. Of a total of 125 neurons activated by stimulation of the HC/SAC nerves, 21(17%) received convergent inputs. Twelve of 21 neurons received monosynaptic excitatory inputs from both nerves. About half (9/21, 43%) of the convergent neurons were classified as VS neurons, the majority of which descended through the ipsilateral lateral vestibulospinal tract (i-LVST). The HC/SAC convergent neurons were located in the rostral part of the descending, the medial and the caudal-ventral part of the lateral vestibular nucleus. In 80 neurons studied by stimulation of the HC/UT nerves, both inputs converged in 12 (15%) neurons, more than half of which were VS neurons. Eight of 12 convergent neurons received excitatory inputs followed by inhibition from both the HC and UT nerves. A few convergent neurons (3/12) projected to the oculomotor/trochlear nucleus. Half of the convergent and non-convergent VS neurons descended to the spinal cord through the i-LVST, and the only one VOS convergent neuron via the medial vestibulospinal tract. Most of the convergent neurons were located in the lateral, the rostral part of the descending and medial vestibular nucleus. The percentages of HC/SAC and HC/UT convergence were half those of the posterior semicircular canal (PC), PC/SAC (33%) and PC/UT (33%) convergence, respectively. The convergent neurons receiving the HC and otolith inputs may contribute at least partly to the vestibulocollic reflex.
Afferent Pathways↗
Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with periodontal diseases in Japanese and Chinese.
We examined whether polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with the incidence of adult periodontitis (AP) and early-onset periodontitis (EOP) in case-controlled studies of Japanese and Chinese subjects. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the VDR gene detected by digestion with Taq I were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of AP or EOP, suggesting that the VDR genotype a risk factor for periodontitis.
Adult↗
[Repair and functional reconstruction of severe electrical burns of wrist].
OBJECTIVE: To reduce amputation rate of severe electrical burn of wrist and to promote partial recovery of the injuried hand. METHODS: From 1987 to 1999, 44 cases, with 55 limbs of severe electrical burn were classified into 4 types, according to criteria of Dr Shen Zuyao, and were all treated by primary adequate decompression, timely debridement, reconstruction of blood circulation in cases complicated with blood vessel injury, and skin flap grafting from chest, abdomen or inguinal area, followed by treatment of anti-coaggluation and anti-infection. Once the wound healed, auto- or allo-transplantation or transferring of tendons were performed to repair tendon defect, and auto-nerve or fetal nerve transplantation performed for nerve defect. RESULTS: After the primary treatment of the 55 burned limbs, all limbs of type IV were amputated, and most of other 3 types survived. The function, including sensation and movement, of survived hands partially recovered. CONCLUSION: Primary reconstruction of blood circulation, cover of wound with skin flap, and timely repair of sensation and motor function are very crucial approach to reduce amputation rate and to promote the survived hand function of severe electrical burns of wrists.
Adolescent↗
[Establishment of platelet-mediated transmitochondrial cell model].
OBJECTIVE: To establish a transmitochondrial cell model for further researches on molecular genetics of mitochondrial related disease. METHODS: The fusion process was conducted between mitochondrial DNA-lacking rho degrees cell (a gift from NIH) and platelet using polyethylene glycol as fusion promoting reagent. The fusion cells were confirmed by PCR and electronic microscopic cytochemistry. The mitochondrial morphology and function of 3 families of Rett syndrome were investigated. RESULTS: The platelet-mediated transmitochondrial cell model was constructed successfully. The frequency of transformation ranged from 0.5 to 1.6 clones in 10(4) recipient cells. The mitochondrial vacuolation was occasionally observed in 2 cases of Rett syndrome. CONCLUSION: Transmitochondrial cell model can be applied to assessment of the mitochondrial morphology and function of fusion cells and is found to be of great use in evaluating the gene expression of mitochondrial genome at different levels.
Blood Platelets↗
[Effects of phenytoin on structural aberration of human sperm chromosomes in vitro].
OBJECTIVE: To detect the mutagenic effects of phenytoin on human sperm chromosomes. METHODS: The mutagenic effects of phenytoin at 10, 20 and 40 microgram/ml were tested by an in vitro testing system of human sperm chromosomes, with leomycin A5 as a positive control and mutagen-free solution as the blank control. RESULTS: The frequencies of sperm with structural chromosomal aberrations and breakages of sperm chromosomes in the groups of 10 microgram/ml, 20 microgram/ml and 40 ug/ml of phenytoin were all higher than those in the blank control, but only in the group of 40 ug/ml, the elevated frequencies were statistically significant (P<0.005, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Phenytoin has probably mutagenic potential effect on human sperm cells.
Adult↗
A four-day study to evaluate the anti-plaque efficacy of an experimental triclosan-containing dentifrice.
Four-day, non-brushing studies have been used successfully to demonstrate the anti-plaque efficacy of triclosan-containing dentifrices. The treatment effects observed are variable, likely due to differences in formulation, study design and measurement techniques. This randomized, double-blind crossover study was conducted to evaluate the anti-plaque efficacy of an experimental, multiple-benefit, triclosan-containing dentifrice versus two currently marketed sodium fluoride dentifrices in a four-day, lingual-brushing model on subjects in Beijing. People's Republic of China. Subjects brushed the lingual surfaces for 30 seconds, and before expectorating, swished the saliva/dentifrice slurry over the buccal surfaces for an additional 30 seconds. This procedure was repeated. Subjects performed their assigned brushing regimen twice daily for four days under supervision. On Day 5, plaque was measured using the Turesky Modification of the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index. There were highly significant treatment effects in favor of the experimental triclosan-containing dentifrice for whole mouth, buccal and lingual sites when compared to either of the sodium fluoride dentifrices (p < 0.0001).
Adolescent↗
[Combination of mycophenolate mofetil with cyclosporine A and methotrexate as acute GVHD prophylaxis after unrelated donor allogeneic bone marrow transplantation].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in combination with cyclosporine A (CsA) and methotrexate (MTX) for prevention of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) after unrelated donor allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT). METHOD: Twelve cases of unrelated donor allo-BMT were evaluated in a single center trial. The acute GVHD was prevented with 1 g MMF daily in addition to CsA 3 mg x kg(-1) x (-1) and MTX 10 - 15 mg at post BMT day1, day3, day6 and day11. RESULTS: Acute GVHD was found in one case (Grade IV) at the seventh day and two cases (Grade II) at the tenth day and seventeenth day after BMT. These patients were treated with a combination of MMF, methyprednisolone and CsA. The common adverse hematologic events of MMF was leukopenia. CONCLUSION: The preliminary study showed that MMF could be used effectively and safely for prevention of acute GVHD in unrelated donor allo-BMT.
Acute Disease↗
[A preliminary study on infection of rabbits by human cytomegalovirus AD169 strain].
BACKGROUND: To study the susceptibility of rabbit to human cytomeglavirus (HCMV) in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: Rabbit embryo lung (REL) cell monolayer were inoculated with HCMV AD169 strain. The cytopathic effect (CPE) was observed by microscope. HCMV antigen was detected by immunohistochemical method and viral particles were shown by electron microscopy. Human embryo lung (HEL) was taken control. Thirty New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups randomly, two were virus groups (group1, group2) and one was inactivated virus group (group3). 50 days later, the rabbits tissue lesions were observed by pathological techniques, HCMV DNA was analyzed by in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The CPE appeared 16 h post inoculation in REL cells as well as in HEL cells, at the same time, the HCMV antigen also was detected by immunhistochemistry and a large number of viral particles were manifested in the nucleus and cytoplasm of REL cells by electron microscope 36 h after virus inoculation. The extensive pathological damages in tissues of HCMV infected rabbits were observed and the viral DNA was also demonstrated in many tissues of HCMV infected rabbits. CONCLUSIONS: HCMV can infect REL cells and fulfil its replication cycle in vitro. HCMV AD169 strain can infect rabbits through intravenous injection and different infection models can be established by controlling the dosage of inoculated virus.
Animals↗
[Study on effect of jinshui liujun jian oral liquid on serum superoxide dismutase activity and malonyldialdehyde content in mice with chronic bronchitis].
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Jinshui Liujun Jian Oral Liquid (JLJOL) on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content in mice with chronic bronchitis. METHODS: JLJOL was given to the chronic bronchitis mice model (induced by smoking) through gastrogavage, and then SOD activity and MDA content were tested. RESULTS: SOD activity in model mice after JLJOL treatment was 0.67 +/- 0.15 NU/L, which was significantly higher than that in the untreated model (0.39 +/- 0.13 NU/L, P < 0.01). But the MDA content in treated mice was significantly lower than that in untreated one (9.26 +/- 2.90 nmol/L vs 16.07 +/- 5.62 nmol/L, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: JLJOL could scavenge the injury of free radical on organism.
Animals↗
Novel photoluminescent polymers containing oligothiophene and m-phenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties: synthesis and spectroscopic and electrochemical studies
Three conjugated polymers containing oligothiophene units (from one to three thiophene rings) and aromatic 1,3,4-oxadiazole moieties have been successfully synthesized. The polymer structures were characterized and confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR, FT-IR, and elemental analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that the polymers are highly thermal stable. Tunable absorption (from 342 to 428 nm) and fluorescence (from 411 to 558 nm) properties of polymers were observed. The electrochemical investigation indicated that the LUMO and HOMO energy levels of the new polymers could be adjusted. It was also revealed by the electrochemical analysis that the polymers have good charge injection properties for both p-type and n-type charge carriers, as well as good color tunable luminescence and film-forming properties, which makes them potentially useful for fabricating efficient light-emitting devices.
Journal Article↗
alpha-galactosylceramide induces early B-cell activation through IL-4 production by NKT cells.
alpha-Galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer), a glycolipid antigen, specifically activates natural killer T (NKT) cells by a CD1d-restricted mechanism. In this work, we found that in vivo administration of alpha-GalCer resulted in the activation of B cells in addition to NKT cells, namely, alpha-GalCer administration caused upregulation of the early activation marker, CD69, on both NKT and B cells. In addition, expression of B7.2 and I-A(b) on B cells was greatly upregulated by alpha-GalCer. However, serum levels of IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a were not significantly changed within 48 h. In the present experiments, it was also demonstrated that the upregulation of CD69 expression by alpha-GalCer was strongly blocked by anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody. Moreover, B-cell activation by alpha-GalCer was not observed in NKT-deficient mice. These results suggested that antigen-stimulated NKT cells might play a critical role not only in early defense mechanisms but also in early B-cell activation through IL-4 production.
Animals↗
Intravenous AMP 579, a novel adenosine A(1)/A(2a) receptor agonist, induces a delayed protection against myocardial infarction in minipig.
The aim of the study was to probe if acute administration of [1S-[1a, 2b,3b, 4a(S*)]]-4-[7-[[2-(3-chloro-2-thienyl)-1-methylpropyl]amino]-3H-imida zo[4,5-b] pyridin-3-yl] cyclopentane carboxamide (AMP 579) could provide a delayed protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury after 24 h. Anesthetized Yucatan minipigs were given an intravenous (i.v.) loading dose (3 microg/kg) of AMP 579 in 2 min followed by a 68-min infusion (0.3 microg/kg/min) and were allowed to recover. After 24 h, the animals were subjected to an open-chest operation and the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 40 min, followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Results indicated that there were no significant differences in hemodynamic parameters between vehicle- and drug-treated groups either during drug infusion or ischemia-reperfusion. Both groups had similar area at risk (24.9% for vehicle and 25.1% for AMP 579-treated). However, the infarct size was 36.5% of area at risk in vehicle group (n=8) and 12.5% in AMP 579 group (n=8), representing a 66% reduction of infarct size by AMP 579 (p=0.011). This is the first report to demonstrate that in a large animal model, a hemodynamically silent, single i.v. dose of an adenosine receptor agonist can result in a delayed protection against myocardial infarction.
Animals↗
Properties of utricular and saccular nerve-activated vestibulocerebellar neurons in cats.
Properties of otolith inputs to vestibulocerebellar neurons were investigated in 14 adult cats. In the vestibular nuclei, we recorded single-unit activities that responded orthodromically after stimulation of the utricular and/or saccular nerves and antidromically after stimulation of the cerebellum (uvula-nodulus and anterior vermis). Descending axonal projections to the spinal cord were also examined by antidromic stimulation of the caudal end of the C1 segment. Forty-seven otolith-activated neurons that projected to the uvula-nodulus were recorded. Thirteen (28%) of the 47 neurons received convergent inputs from the utriculus and sacculus. The remaining 34 (72%) vestibular neurons were non-convergent neurons: 18 (38%) received utricular input alone, and 16 (34%) received saccular input alone. Most (35/47) vestibulocerebellar neurons were located in the descending vestibular nucleus and only one of these projected to the spinal cord. Seven of the 47 vestibulocerebellar neurons were located in the lateral vestibular nucleus and most of these neurons projected to the spinal cord. The remaining neurons were located in group X (two neurons) and the superior vestibular nucleus (three neurons). In a different series of experiments, 37 otolith-activated vestibular neurons were tested to determine whether they projected to the uvula-nodulus and/or the anterior vermis. Nineteen of the 37 neurons projected to the anterior vermis, 13/37 projected to the uvula-nodulus, and 5/37 projected to both. The utricular and/or saccular nerve-activated vestibulocerebellar neurons projected to not only the uvulanodulus, but also to the anterior vermis. In summary, the results of this study showed that vestibular neurons receiving inputs from the utriculus and/or sacculus projected to the cerebellar cortex. This indirect otolith-cerebellar pathway terminated both in the anterior lobe and in the uvula/nodulus.
Animals↗