Recording a 12-lead electrocardiogram--1.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Metcalfe.
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Cardiac transplantation is an excellent surgical option that offers positive results for many patients with end stage heart failure (Large 1995). However, the availability of donor hearts does not meet the demand, resulting in the exclusion of patients who, for example, are more than 60 years old and for whom transplantation is contraindicated. Dynamic cardiomyoplasty has been developed to help such a client group.
Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) has been described by some surgeons as a quantum leap forward which could soon replace some forms of traditional surgery. Sally Glennen and Helen Metcalfe describe the procedure and nursing care involved.
We have developed several approaches to create cell lines with improved characteristics in cell culture. In some cases it has been possible to isolate natural variants with useful properties. Cholesterol independent variants of the mouse NSO myeloma cell line were isolated by cloning in a selective medium. A glutamine independent variant of a hyridoma was isolated by continuous (chemostat) culture under glutamine limited conditions in the presence of glutamate. Choline independent cells were isolated from a choline limited chemostat. In an alternative approach to modifying cell behaviour, we have used recombinant DNA techniques to introduce the glutamine synthetase (GS) gene to a hybridoma. This resulted in glutamine independence and increased productivity.
In perfused rat liver a decrease of cytosol pH, determined with pH-sensitive microelectrodes, from 7.2 to 6.85 is associated with a 50% fall in ureogenesis from ammonium chloride. In isolated rat hepatocytes the fall in ureogenesis due to acidosis is associated with decrease in the mitochondrial and cytosolic concentration of citrulline. Limitation of carbamoyl phosphate synthesis and thus citrulline supply could be responsible for the inhibition of ureogenesis observed.
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