Biomedical subjects

H Mineta

Publications and source records attributed to H Mineta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Low expression of fragile histidine triad gene correlates with high proliferation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Frequent loss of heterozygosity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been found in several chromosomal regions such as 3p, 9p, 11q, 13q and 17p. Fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene is located at 3p14.2 encompassing a common fragile site, and is identified as a tumor suppressor gene. We examined 57 patients with HNSCC using immunohistochemistry, western blot, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The association between FHIT expression and clinicopathologic characteristics including p53 and Ki-67 expressions was analyzed. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed 30 patients (53%) of low FHIT expression and 27 patients (47%) of high FHIT expression. Low FHIT expression significantly correlated with high Ki-67 expression, indicating that tumor cells with low FHIT expression can proliferate aggressively. No correlation was found between FHIT expression and clinical characteristics including age, gender, tumor size, lymph node status, stage grouping, histologic grade, p53 expression, and prognosis. FHIT alteration may play an important role in cancer development of HNSCC, however it did not contribute to the prognosis.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗

PubMed2001

Role of nitric oxide in focal microcirculation disorder of guinea pig cochlea.

This study was designed to evaluate the role of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in focal microcirculation disorder of the guinea pig cochlea. Focal microcirculation disorder was induced by a photochemical reaction at the lateral wall of the second cochlear turn. Saline or N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was administered before the onset of photochemical reaction. Cochlear blood flow (CBF) was measured at the focal lesion (ischemic core), 1 mm from the lesion in the apical and basal direction (ischemic border zone) by using a novel non-contact laser blood flowmeter. NO synthase activities were measured by radioenzymeassay. In the saline pretreatment group, CBF was significantly decreased to 58.8+/-4.4% of the baseline at the ischemic core 30 min after the onset of photochemical reaction (P<0.01), while CBF showed no significant change at the ischemic border zone. In the L-NAME pretreatment group, CBF was significantly decreased not only at the focal lesion (48.3+/-6.5%, P<0.01), but also at the ischemic border zone (apical, 49.3+/-2.3%, P<0.05; basal, 58.7+/-7.1%, P<0.05, respectively). NO synthase III activity of cochlea was increased significantly (P<0.01) 15 min after microcirculation disorder. These findings suggest that formation of endogenous NO plays a key role in the maintenance of CBF in acute focal cochlear microcirculation disorder.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Olfactory neuroblastoma with epithelial and endocrine differentiation transformed into ganglioneuroma after chemoradiotherapy.

We report a 56-year-old man in whom an olfactory neuroblastoma with epithelial and endocrine differentiation transformed into a mature ganglioneuroma after chemoradiotherapy. The tumor arising from the sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses showed rapid growth into the frontal lobe and metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes. The patient showed signs of a syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). A radical craniofacial resection of the primary tumor was performed after 16 Gy of local irradiation and systemic chemotherapy. Three months after the operation, the patient died of mediastinal metastasis. The biopsy before chemoradiotherapy showed a neuroblastoma with Homer-Wright rosettes, fibrillary matrix, Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes and antidiuretic hormone production. After chemoradiotherapy, the histology changed to that of a ganglioneuroma consisting of large ganglion cells and Schwann cells without immature neuroblastoma components. Although transformation to ganglioneuroma in an adrenal neuroblastoma is common, an olfactory neuroblastoma showing ganglioneuronal maturation after chemoradiotherapy has not been reported. The pluripotent progenitor cells of the olfactory neurons may be the origin and their existence explains why various neoplasms with neuronal and epithelial differentiation arise from the olfactory mucosa.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed2001

Immunohistochemical analysis of small cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a report of four patients and a review of sixteen patients in the literature with ectopic hormone production.

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) occurs mostly in the lung, and in some patients is accompanied by production of ectopic hormones. Small cell carcinoma of the head and neck is very rare. We report 4 patients with SCC of the head and neck (larynx, tonsil, maxillary sinus, and parotid gland). The patient with SCC of the maxillary sinus demonstrated a high level of plasma serotonin and overexpression of parathyroid hormone; however, he did not show any related symptoms. The patient with SCC of the tonsil showed the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone associated with antidiuretic hormone hyperproduction at the terminal stage. In the literature, 16 patients with SCC of the head and neck with ectopic hormone production have been reported. Antidiuretic hormone and adrenocorticotropic hormone were the hormones that caused clinical symptoms (paraneoplastic syndromes). We believe that the evaluation of hormonal syndromes is valuable for diagnosis and treatment.

Aged↗

PubMed2000

Identification of new minimally lost regions on 18q in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on 18q predicts poor survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Several putative tumor suppressor genes, such as DCC, DPC4/Smad4, and MADR2/Smad2, are mapped to 18q, but thus far, the important gene locus in HNSCC is not known. To identify possible gene loci on 18q, we performed LOH studies using tumor DNA from 57 HNSCC primary tumor cell lines and DNA isolated from fibroblasts or lymphoblastoid cells from the same patients. Forty-two highly polymorphic microsatellite markers spaced not more than 5 cM apart (mean distance, 1.82 cM) spanning the region from D18S44 in 18q11.1 to D18S1141 in 18q23 were used. D18S71 in 18p11.21 on 18p was also used to determine whether the short arm was retained. Forty-three of 57 (75%) HNSCC lines showed LOH or isolated allelic imbalance (AI) for at least one locus on 18q. Although many of the cell lines had large distal 18q deletions with a breakpoint between 18q11.1 and 18q12.2 to qter, three loci were identified that were lost in 70% or more of the cases. The minimally lost regions (MLRs) range in size from 1.5-15.79 cM. The most proximal is centered on D18S39 (1.56 cM) in band 18q21.1, with LOH or isolated AI in 28 of 38 (74%) of informative cases. The largest (15.8 cM) begins at D18S61 (28 of 40; 70%) in band 18q22.2 and extends through D18S50 in 18q23. The third is centered on D18S70 (30 of 40; 75%) in band 18q23 (3.67 cM). Of these MLRs, only the one centered on D18S39 has been implicated previously in HNSCC. D18S70, the most frequently lost marker, was the only marker consistently lost in three tumor cell lines with very minimal losses, UM-SCC-19, UM-SCC-67, and UM-SCC-73A. In addition, UM-SCC-91 exhibited AI only at this locus, and UT-SCC-4 had AI at D18S70 and D18S39 only. Close physical mapping of these three regions may pinpoint one or more previously unidentified tumor suppressor genes.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed2000

Cyclin D1 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma makes up a large percentage of head and neck cancers, and the incidence among young patients is increasing. The aim of this study was to reveal the correlation between cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression and clinical and histologic features. We performed an immunohistochemical study on the level of CCND1 expression in tumor specimens obtained from 94 patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The relationship between the expression and the following features such as age, sex, smoking and alcohol intake history, T, N, histologic grade, and multiple primary cancer was analyzed. Eighteen patients (19%) showed CCND1 overexpression (tumor cell nuclei positivity >/=50%). The 5-year survival rate of high CCND1 expressors was 39%, which was significantly poor (p=0.04). N classification correlated with CCND1 expression. CCND1 overexpression is associated with poor survival associated with progression of lymph node spread in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinomas. CCND1 expression may be a useful biologic marker for prognosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Solitary squamous cell papilloma of the lung in a 40-year-old woman with recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis.

A rare case of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is reported with a review of the literature. A 40-year-old Japanese woman had suffered from RRP since 1 year of age. She developed a pulmonary squamous papilloma with a thin-walled cavity, which was suspected as being lung carcinoma. The trachea and bronchi around the tumor were intact, and no malignant transformation was present. Two types of human papillomavirus, 6 and 16, were detected, both in the laryngeal and pulmonary papillomas by in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction method. To date, only 40 cases of juvenile laryngeal papilloma with pulmonary involvement have been reported in the English literature.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Phosphoglyceride crystal deposition disease.

An extremely rare phosphoglyceride deposition disease is reported. A healthy 62-year-old Japanese woman suffered from tumors that repeatedly appeared in injured soft tissues for more than 20 years. No immunologic disorders or abnormal laboratory data were found. Histology showed foreign body granulomas consisting of macrophages surrounding yellowish-white crystals. The crystals were weakly positive by von Kossa's method, were dissolved in 30% acetic acid with gas, and were easily dissolved in 0.1 N NaOH or potassium hydroxide, losing their crystal structure. Using a scanning electron microscopy X-ray microanalyzer, phosphorus and calcium peaks were detected. Phosphoglycerides were detected by microscopic infrared spectrophotometry and microsampling mass spectrometry. The gold hydroxamic acid method for detecting phosphoglyceride showed strong positive staining in the crystals. Based on the above analyses, the deposited crystals were regarded as phosphoglyceride, which bound calcium as a counter ion. The crystals tended to be deposited at sites of injury, where macrophages had accumulated. The patient had received many injections of a medicine made from alcohol extract from bovine liver. We suspect that this medicine was related to the cause of the deposition as the deposition repeatedly appeared at the site of the injections.

Connective Tissue↗

PubMed2000

Prognostic value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified as the substance that increases the permeability and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. We examined the clinical significance of VEGF expression in 60 head and neck squamous cell carcinomas using the methods of Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), comparatively, and analysed the relationship between VEGF status in Western blot and tumour size, lymph-node status, histologic grade and disease-free survival (DFS) rate. Western blot analysis revealed high VEGF expressors (tumour/normal tissue density >/= 3-fold) in 26 patients (43%) and low VEGF expressors (< 3-fold) in 34 patients (57%). The results of the Western blot analysis correlated significantly with those of the RT-PCR (P = 0.00007) or immunohistochemistry (P = 0. 00006). High VEGF expressors are associated with the progression of lymph-node spread (P = 0.0009), which are correlated with poor DFS. The 2-year DFS rate of high VEGF expressors (30%) was significantly lower than that of low VEGF expressors (78%) (P = 0.0008). Multivariate analysis showed VEGF expression and stage were independent predictors for the DFS (P = 0.045 and 0.041, respectively). VEGF expression may play an important role in progression of HNSCC.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Low p27 expression correlates with poor prognosis for patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: p27, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, regulates progression from G1 to S phase. There have been a few clinical reports of low p27 expression associated with poor survival among patients with cancer; however, there have been no reports of such an association in cases of head and neck cancer. The authors investigated whether p27 expression in patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma was associated with their prognosis. METHODS: Ninety-four patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed. The authors performed p27 immunohistochemistry on all patients and Western blot analysis on 19 available patients. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis that included gender, history of smoking and alcohol usage, presence of multiple primary cancers, stage, histologic grade, and p27 status was used to identify the multivariate predictive value of prognostic factors. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients had high p27 expression (> or =50% tumor cell nuclei positive), and 68 patients had low p27 expression (<50%) by immunohistochemistry. In those with low p27 expression, N(+) and advanced T (T3 or T4) were significantly higher than in those with high p27 expression (P = 0.02 and 0.04). The 5-year survival rate in the low p27 group was 44%, whereas that in the high p27 group was 68%, indicating a significant difference (P = 0.04). p27 expression was inferred from Western blot analysis, and an arbitrary quantity (<1, 1-5, or > or =5) from the ratio of tumor to normal tissue density was used to characterize, resulting in 8 (42%), 3 (16%), and 8 (42%) patients in the low (<1-fold), intermediate (1-5-fold), and high (> or =5-fold) groups, respectively. Results of immunohistochemical analysis for p27 were significantly correlated with those of Western blot analysis (P = 0.02). Multivariate analysis revealed that low intensity of p27 expression and advanced stage (Stage III or IV) were predictors of reduced survival (P = 0.02 and 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Low p27 expression was associated with increasing lymph node metastasis and stage of tumor and resulted in a poor prognosis for patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. p27 is apparently a significant predictor of survival.

Actins↗

PubMed1999

Epidemiological research into nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the Chubu region of Japan.

Although patient death due to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is increasing, few epidemiological analyses of NPC in Japan have been conducted since Sawaki's report in 1979. To determine the current incidence of NPC in Japan we examined NPC case in the Chubu area from 1986 to 1995. The leaders and reporting representatives of all otorhinolaryngological groups in the area were asked for their support of this epidemiological research. A total of 607 cases (445 male and 162 female NPC patients) were analyzed epidemiologically, histologically, serologically and clinically in this study. The incidence of NPC gradually increased with age. The mean age of the patients was 54.1 years. The age-standardized annual incidence in the Chubu region was 0.28 per 10(5) persons per year. The incidence in prefectures bordering Japan Sea (0.36) was significantly higher than that of prefectures facing the Pacific Ocean (0.21, P<0.05). On the basis of World Health Organization (WHO) histological criteria, 12%) of the cases were classified as WHO I, 54% as WHO II and 34% as WHO III. As for tumor origin, in 58% of the cases it originated posterosuperiorly, in 32% laterally and in 1% inferiorly. Tumor staging showed 4% to belong to stage I, 9% to stage II, 15% to stage III and 72% to stage IV. The positive rates of serum titers of the antibodies to Epstein Barr virus

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

p53 mutation, but not p53 overexpression, correlates with survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Survival in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) was compared with overexpression and mutation of the p53 gene. Archival tissue from 77 tumours was analysed for protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the monoclonal antibody Do-7, and for the presence of mutation in exons 5-8 using single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP), followed by DNA sequencing in SSCP-positive cases. p53 expression was scored as high (>70% nuclei stained) in 25 (32%) tumours, as intermediate (10-70% nuclei stained) in 19 (25%) tumours and as low (<10% nuclei stained) in 33 (43%) tumours. Twelve (18%) tumours exhibited gene mutation (ten missense and two nonsense mutations) and an additional five tumours contained changes that could not result in amino acid substitution or protein truncation. There was no correlation between gene expression and mutation, mutations being equally frequent in tumours with either high (4/25), intermediate (4/19) or low protein expression (4/33). Fifty-eight patients were eligible for survival analysis. There was a strong correlation between p53 mutation and cause-specific survival; median survival among mutated cases was 12.5 months compared with >160 months among non-mutated patients (P < 0.005). There was no correlation between p53 overexpression and survival. The results suggest that p53 mutation status is an important prognostic factor in HNSCC, and that IHC analysis of protein overexpression is an inadequate measure of gene mutation in these tumours.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1998

[A case of brain stem encephalitis with bilateral horizontal gaze palsy].

A 41-year-old woman developed horizontal diplopia and difficulty in moving her eyes. On neurological examination, her eyes showed absolute bilateral horizontal gaze palsy, but convergency and vertical eye movement were normal. The cerebrospinal fluid findings revealed an increased IgG level and myelin basic protein. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high-signal-intensity area in the lower pontine tegmentum affecting bilateral horizontal gaze. We diagnosed her as having brain stem encephalitis based on the above data. After 1.5 months of corticosteroid treatment, bilateral horizontal palsy disappeared completely. Several cases showing bilateral horizontal gaze palsy have been reported, but few have involved absolute bilateral horizontal gaze palsy caused by brain stem encephalitis.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Amplification of cyclin D1 in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck and the prognostic value of chromosomal abnormalities and cyclin D1 overexpression.

BACKGROUND: Abnormalities of chromosome band 11q13 are frequent in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). The oncogene CCND1 is located at 11q13 and encodes cyclin D1, a cell cycle-regulating protein. The authors investigated the clinical relevance and associations between amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 and 11q13 rearrangements. METHODS: The study involved two series of patients. In Series 1, overexpression of cyclin D1 and 11q13 rearrangements, assessed by immunohistochemistry and cytogenetics, respectively, were compared with clinical data in 75 patients with SCCHN. Patients were monitored for at least 18 months or until death. In another 23 patients (Series 2), the authors investigated the association between DNA amplification (by slot blot hybridization), overexpression of cyclin D1, and cytogenetics. RESULTS: In Series 1, 9 of 75 tumors (12%) had 11q13 aberrations, 6 of which manifested elevated expression of cyclin D1. Patients with tumors strongly positive for cyclin D1 (n = 9) and those with tumors showing 11q13 rearrangements had poorer survival (P = 0.047 and 0.005, respectively). However, the correlation between these two variables was weak (P = 0.12). In Series 2, 17 of 23 tumors (74%) showed elevated cyclin D1 protein expression, and 6 of these showed gene amplification as well. Of these six, only one revealed 11q13 rearrangements. CONCLUSIONS: Overexpression of cyclin D1 and 11q13 rearrangements are independent prognostic factors for SCCHN. In general, DNA amplification results in overexpression of cyclin D1, but additional genetic mechanisms are involved in the deregulation. Furthermore, oncogenes at 11q13 besides CCND1 may be involved in the tumorigenesis.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Correlation between p53 mutation and cyclin D1 amplification in had and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Mutations in the p53 tumour suppressor gene and amplification of the cyclin D1 (CCND1) oncogene have been commonly reported in various malignancies. In the present study of 39 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, p53 mutations were manifest in 11 (28%) of the cases, whereas CCND1 amplification was seen in 6 (16%) of 37 analysed tumours. The 10 mutations occurring in coding sequences of p53 were found in exon 5 (4 cases), exon 6 (3 cases),f and exon 8 (3 cases). No mutation was found in exon 7. Eight of the 10 exon nucleotide substitutions were missense mutations and two were nonsense mutations. All six tumours with CCND1 amplification also had p53 mutations, while an additional five tumours manifested p53 mutations in the absence of CCND1 amplification. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between these two gene alterations. This raises the possibility that mutation of p53 precedes CCND1 amplification in carcinogenesis.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

[Study of trough type audiogram of sudden hearing loss].

We investigated 974 patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss who consulted the otolaryngological service of Hamamatsu University Hospital and four affiliated hospitals from 1984 to 1992. Among them, we selected 569 new cases showing a pure tone average of 31 dB or more at 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz on the affected side in the initial audiometry performed within 14 days after the onset of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The 569 patients consisted of 13 with acoustic neuromas (SHLANs), 493 with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISHLs) and 63 others. Ten of the 13 SHLANs and 40 of the 493 ISHLs showed the trough type audiogram on the initial examination. We defined the 10 cases as the Trough AN group and the 40 as the Trough ISHL group. Statistical analysis of the difference in pure tone averages at 5 frequencies between the 2 groups demonstrated that the mean hearing losses at 125, 250 and 500 Hz of Trough AN were significantly less than those of Trough ISHL. This study demonstrates that the trough type audiogram, especially a slight low tone loss, shown in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss was a significant finding suggesting the presence of acoustic neuroma.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Statistical analysis on the cases of thyroid papillary carcinoma].

Statistical analysis was performed on the postoperative recurrence of forty four patients with thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma, who underwent radical surgery in the Department of Otolaryngology, Hamamatsu University Hospital from January 1978 to March 1991. In this study, we defined a new factor called "Operative Radicality index (OR index)" and analyzed the data with a multivariate analysis (Cox model). The result showed that the risk of postoperative recurrence was significantly affected by the age, the size of tumor and the OR index. The postoperative five-year cumulative recurrence rate was approximately 10% in the group of patients whose lateral neck regions were systematically dissected only when any metastatic lymph nodes were clinically detected within the region, in addition to the routine anterior neck dissection, and 70% in the group of patients whose metastatic lymph nodes in the lateral neck region were partially removed, but 6% in the group of N0 patients who did not undergo lateral neck dissection because no nodal metastases were detected even in the operative findings. Considering the quality of postoperative life, we concluded that in the primary surgery for the thyroid papillary adenocarcinoma, the lateral neck dissection should be applied to only the regions with metastatic nodes detected preoperatively or during operation, in addition to the routine anterior neck dissection. And the OR index was useful for the statistical analysis with regard to the policies of treatment and the prognosis.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗

PubMed1992

Wegener's granulomatosis in a patient with a rheumatoid arthritis.

A 38-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis who developed Wegener's granulomatosis is described. Wegener's granulomatosis appeared with saddle nose, perforation in her nasal septum, and granuloma in the nasal cavity. Laboratory evaluation showed a positive rheumatoid factor and circulating immune complex. Radiographic examination revealed ankylotic changes in both wrist and elbow joints. Bilateral anosmia and other disease manifestations completely responded to treatment with oral cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.

Adult↗