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Biomedical subjects

H Mitschke

Publications and source records attributed to H Mitschke.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Experimental carcinogenesis in the resected colon of the rat.

Until now, carcinoma of the large intestine resected previously for benign disease has not been published. However an increasing number of patients resected for Crohn's disease, diverticulitis or trauma may reach nowadays a high lifespan. On the other hand, it is known that the gastroenteral anastomosis is predisposed to cancer development. In this study, the question of whether the large intestine following colotomy or ileotransversostomy is sensitive to carcinogenesis is examined. Male Wistar rats, subjected to colotomy or resection and ileotransversostomy, were treated weekly by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (12 mg/kg body weight) for seven weeks. The animals were killed 54 weeks after the first injection. At autopsy, 21 out of 29 operated rats had developed adenocarcinomas of the remaining colon. Intact control animals had the same incidence of malignant degeneration of the large bowel. When the anastomosis is chronically irritated by inflammation or by formation of a diverticulum, development, of carcinoma near the stoma was observed. This was the case in three rats of 28 animals. The results demonstrate that the resected colon of the rat is not more sensitive to experimental carcinogenesis than the intact one.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[Cholecystectomy and experimental coloncarcinoma (author's transl)].

The influence of cholecystectomy on the development of carcinoma of the colon is investigated. The experimental results show a significant high rate of carcinoma of the colon induced by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazin (DMH) in the mouse after cholecystectomy. After 10 weekly injections of 15 mg/kg DMH 70% of the animals with cholecystectomy developed carcinoma. Only 16% of the mice with similar treatment but without cholecystectomy had carcinoma. The cocarcinogenic effect of cholecystectomy is assumed to be due to the increased production of secondary bile salts by the colonic bacteria and the lacking of the resorptive function of the gall bladder for some carcinogenic substances passing through the liver. The background of this experimental studies is the clinical findings that 10% of patients with carcinoma of the large bowels had a cholecystectomy previously.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[Malignant degeneration of experimental ulcerative colitis of the rat following s.c. injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (author's transl)].

Animal experiments were performed to answer the question whether ulcerative colitis is predisposed to malignant degeneration. Male Wistar rats were given aqueous solutions of degraded Carrageenan (4%; w/v). After induction of ulcerative colitis, 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH; 132 mg/kg body weight) was applicated during a period of 7 weeks. 17 of 18 rats developed multiple adenocarcinomas in the distal colon 15 weeks after the last injection of DMH. The Carrageenan induced colitis was localized predominantly in the distal part of the large bowel. Only 3 rats of a control group of 18 animals exposed to DMH only showed carcinomas of the colon. The difference is proven significant (P less than 0.01). Carrageenan for itself caused no malignancy. The results of the experiments demonstrate that, during ulcerative colitis, the colon of the rat is more susceptible to induction of cancer than the intact one.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Cholecystectomy and carcinoma of the colon. An experimental study.

The influence of cholecystectomy on the development of carcinoma of the colon is investigated. The experimental results show a significantly increased rate of carcinoma of the colon induced by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazin (DMH) in the mouse after cholecystectomy. After 10 weekly injections of 15 mg/kg DMH, 70% of the animals with cholecystectomy developed carcinoma. Only 16% of the mice with similar treatment but without cholecystectomy had carcinoma. The cocarcinogenic effect of cholecystectomy is assumed to be due to the increased production of secondary bile salts by the colonic bacteria and the lacking of the resorptive function of the gallbladder for some carcinogenic substances passing through the liver. The background of this experimental studies are the clinical findings that 10% of patients with carcinoma of the large bowel had previous cholecystectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Duodenogastric reflux and anastomosis abscess. Experimental study].

Different types of duodenal by-pass operations with and without duodenogastric reflux were performed on 54 male Wistar rats. The results of our investigation show that following duodenal by-pass with reflux peptic anastomotic ulcer regularly occurs. The constant reflux of bile and pancreas juice is the most important aetiologic factor in the development of ulcer in the vicinity of the anastomosis between the stomach and small intestine. Stasis in the by-passed duodenum (afferent loop syndrome) promotes ulcerogenic action of reflux. In the absence of the pylorus the effects of reflux and stasis potentiate, resulting in a high frequency of ulcer (greater than 90%). With intact pylorus the incidence is low. Duodenogastric reflux prevents hydrochloric acid secretion significantly (p less than o,o1); hydrochloric acid thus plays a minor role in the development of experimental anastomotic ulcer of the rat. -- In considering the prophylaxis against anastomotic ulcer, these findings support the claim of avoiding surgical techniques involving duodenal by-pass and reflux (Billroth II with short loop GE). Gastric resection should, therefore, aim at the reconstruction of the orthograde peristalsis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1977

[Surgical elimination of endonasal triggerpoints of a trigeminal neuralgia caused by cauterization (author's transl)].

A severe injury by fluid Ammonia of the nasal mucosa resulted with a strong irritation of the 1. and 2. branch of the trigeminus nerve with sudden and heavy attacks of pain. The region below the head of the right inferior nasal concha was detected as a trigger zone for smoke, smell, dust and cold air. Local anaesthesia stopped the attacks. The surgical excision and electrocoagulation of that aerea and the lateropexis of the inferior concha avoided the returning of the troubles for over a half year. The recommencement of the attacks could be stopped by local application of carbolic acid solution (10%). A similar treatment could not be found in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Skeletal scintigraphy in otolaryngology (author's transl)].

Close relation of non osseus facial skull portions to the skeleton cause rapidly the bone to become co-involved in presence of various diseases. Early diagnosis is of decisive importance for therapeutic measures. For localisation scintigraphy has proved particularly reliable in aids to early determination. This can be shown clearly in inflammatory diseases and tumour infiltrations with various tumour affections. Technical requirements and the use of skeletal scinitgraphy are demonstrated on hand of 6 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Adrenocortical adenoma in a 2 1/2 year old girl causing virilization and accelerated growth. Clinical and morphological results (author's transl)].

A 2 1/2 year old girl with virilization and advanced bone age was found to have a leftsided adrenocortical adenoma. The secretion of mainly androgens besides estrogens was not suppressible with dexamethasone. Plasma cortisol levels were not elevated but did not show any circadian rhythm. The tumor was localized by retroperitoneal instillation of gas, intravenous urography and tomography. After complete removal of the tumor the originally strongly elevated excretion of 17-ketosteroids sank back to normal, the acceleration of skeletal development slowed down. The right adrenal cortex was not atrophic, 2 1/2 years after the operation the child is well and without evidence of recurrent disease. Differential diagnosis as well as ultrastructor and histology of the tumor are discussed with reference to the literature.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1977

[Pathomorphologic studies of the endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Physiology, cytochemistry and ultrastructure (author's transl].

With combined immunofluorescent, cytochemical and electron microscopic investigations the enterochromaffin cell system has been differentiated into 5 distinct endocrine cell types in the human stomach and into 8 cell types in the intestine. These endocrine cells are probably of neuroectodermal origin and belong to the APUD (amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation)-system. Maximal gastrointestinal hormone concentrations as determined by tissue extracts correlate fairly well to the location of each endocrine cell type in various segments of the gastrointestinal tract. In certain gastroenteropathies the pathophysiological disturbances can be explained by pathomorphological alterations of the disseminated endocrine cells. 1. The gastrin-producing G-cell is the predominating endocrine cell in the gastric antrum. Besides immunocytochemistry the G-cell can be demonstrated with argyrophilic reaction (Grimelius, 1968), masked metachromasia and leadhematoxylin. The ultrastructural features are variable, depending on functional activity. The secretory granules are usually only slightly osmiophilic, measuring 200 till 250 nm in diameter. By some working groups a positive immunofluorescence with gastrin-antisera has been demonstrated in A1- or D-cells of the pancreatic islets. However, numerous negative results have been reported, too. Considering physiological conditions, a gastrin-secretion of the human pancreatic islets has not been secured without doubt. 2. The EC-cell produces serotonin and in the intestine motilin, too. Besides the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence, these cells can be demonstrated with diazonium and argentaffin reactions, less specific with argyrophilic methods. Ultrastructurally the EC-granules are easily differeniated from the other endocrine cells by their pronounced osmiophilia and pleomorphism. In experimental conditions the EC-cells demonstrate species- and site-specific alterations. With reserpine no ultrastructural changes were demonstrable in EC-cells of the rat. However, marked ultrastructural alterations with an increase of the hormone-producing organelle system were noticed after administration of parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) which interferes with serotonine synthesis; 5. The gastric D-cells are characterized by large secretory granules similar to pancreatic D-cells. They secrete the HCl-inhibitory peptide somatostatin. 4. The D1-cell is a cell type with unknown function. The cytoplasm contains small granules with variable electron density. According to most authors, they represent a distinct cell type and not just a variant of the G-cells. It may be very difficult, however, to separate certain forms of D1-cells from functionally altered G-cells. 5. The A-cell can be found in the gastric mucosa of certain animal species, where it has been demonstrated by immunocytochemistry with antisera to gut-glucagon. This cell type does not occur in the human gastric mucosa. 6...

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1976

[Virological investigations in peripheral idiopathic facial pareses (author's transl)].

Virological investigations were carried out on the serum of 62 patients suffering from peripheral facial pareses. The aetiology was definitely attributable to a virus infection in 12 of these cases. Neuropathological changes induced by these neurotropic viruses, predisposing anatomical features and pathogenesis are discussed. Since only symptomatic treatment is possible, the importance of active immunization, where available, is stressed in the prevention of virus diseases; a decrease in morbidity could lead to a reduction in neurological complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Sudden deafness and virus infection (author's transl)].

A survey of the literature concerning sudden deafness caused by virus infection is followed by a discussion of 46 patients with the history of acute loss of hearing, who were subjected to virological-serological examination. In 9 patients the titre movement of the complement fixation reaction was regarded to imply a viral cause of the acute loss of hearing. This was corroborated in 5 cases by the history of recent viral infection. Pathogenetically, the significance of the viral endolymphatic labyrinthitis was underlined. The success of traditional therapy did not differ from the results in cases of sudden deafness due to factors other than viral disease. In the absence of specific therapy the importance of prophylactic measures is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Oto-rhino-laryngological complications in patients receiving intermittent haemodialysis and in renal transplant recipients (author's transl)].

Patients with chronic uraemia and renal transplant recipients were examined for oto-rhino-laryngological diseases over the course of a five-year period. During dialysis treatment, 58 out of 77 chronic uraemic patients developed complications, mainly affecting the nose and the ear, on a degenerative or toxic uraemic basis. In the period under review, renal transplantations were carried out in 63 patients, in whom infectious processes had occurred mainly in the upper respiratory and digestive tracts; postoperative immuno-suppressive therapy is responsible for the morbidity in these cases. Particular reference is made to the necessity of eradicating any possible sources of infection already during the period of dialysis treatment and to the importance of cooperation between physicians and oto-rhino-laryngologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Diarrhea and islet cell tumor. Clinical and morphological report on 2 observations].

The combination of diarrhea with an islet cell tumor (Verner-Morrison Syndrome) is a clinical picture presenting many diagnostic problems. It is probable that larger numbers of cases will be encountered with more widespread knowledge of this disease. The clinical features and the pathologic-anatomical findings of two characteristic cases are reported and discussed.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1976

[A contribution to the differential diagnosis of odnotogeneous cysts].

Problems concernint the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaw are discussed with reference to a series of patients and some specially selected cases. The use of isotope examination is often of particular significance in coming to a decision. The position and value of scintigraphy has been demonstrated by referring to the literature and to our own investigations. The often difficult differentiation from certain types of odontogenic tumours is also discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1976

[The determination of the sum potential amplitude for the prognostication of facial paresis of viral etiology].

In 29 patients with facial pareses of viral etiology the sum potential amplitude of the M. orbicularis oris was determined in a comparison of the two sides for prognostication purposes. If the sum potential amplitude is reduced by less than 70 per cent a return of good functions can be expected within 6-8 weeks. If the reduction of the sum potential amplitude lies between 70 and 95 per cent, a reliable prognosis is not possible, whereas with values below 95 per cent the paresis does not improve at all or hardly improves within 6-8 weeks. An evaluation of the returned function, about 1 year after the beginning of the paresis, i.e. at a time when the regeneration is basically completed, shows that all cases with an originally poor function (judged 6-8 weeks after onset of paresis) had changed into cases with a moderate function, and all cases with an originally moderate function had turned into cases with a good function. In another study concerning patients with idiopathic facial paresis the same method yielded results comparable to those of the above-mentioned study, so that the conclusion can be drawn that in the prognostication of the peripheral facial paresis by means of determining the sum potential amplitude-regardless of whether the facial paresis is of viral or idiopathic etiology-the same yardsticks have to be applied.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

[Experiences gained in the treatment of oto- and rhinogenic meningitides, 1965-1975 (author's transl)].

The studies permit the conclusion that morbidity and mortality due to purulent oto- or rhinogenic meningitides have not essentially changed over the past eleven years despite antibiotics that are more effective and can be given in higher doses than so far. Resistent strains of bacteria, allergies and insufficient antibiotic therapy are probable causes for that fact. Under certain circumstances a sufficient and specific antibiotic therapy may delay surgical intervention or make it even unnecessary. Advanced age and additional diseases seem neither to influence operability nor to increase morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Duodenal reflux and gastritis after Billroth I gastric resection (author's transl)].

Endoscopic and biopsy studies were undertaken in 92 patients who had undergone partial gastric resection (end-to-end gastroduodenostomy, Billroth I) one to seven years previously. In addition, the amound of duodeno-gastric reflux was evaluated by measuring bromsulphalein excretion in gastric juice. Atrophic gastritis occurred in 36%, while superficial gastritis was noted in 49% of patients. The degree and severity of the inflammatory changes was most marked near the anastomosis. The severity of the duodenal gastric reflux was decisive in the development of the atrophic mucosal changes. There was no demonstrable relationship between the degree of mucosal changes and the interval since the operation.

Atrophy↗