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Biomedical subjects

H Miyatake

Publications and source records attributed to H Miyatake.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Simultaneous quantitative determination of 3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, 51Cr, and 125I on the surface of a paper disc using combustion.

A paper disc that retained 3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, 51Cr, and 125I on its surface was combusted in a flow-type combustion flask filled with oxygen. The combustion products containing five radionuclides, except 14CO2, were collected by washing the inner wall of the flask with 0.5-M hydrogen peroxide containing excess NaHSO3. The 14CO2 that remained in the gas phase of the flask was introduced into another flask for absorption into an organic base solution. By determining the radioactivity of both the solutions containing the respective radionuclides by means of NaI(Tl) and liquid scintillation counters, the six radionuclides in the solutions were quantified. The detection limit of surface contamination with this method was compared with the limit specified by Japanese law for the surface contamination of controlled areas.

Fires↗
PubMed1991

Erythromycin reduces the severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthma.

It has been demonstrated that bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a characteristic feature of bronchial asthma, and airway inflammation plays an important role in bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Erythromycin is an antibiotic extensively used worldwide which is also reported to have anti-inflammatory action. This study was designed to clarify whether erythromycin could favorably alter bronchial responsiveness in patients with bronchial asthma. To estimate bronchial responsiveness, histamine challenge was performed in 23 patients with bronchial asthma (atopic type, 11; nonatopic type, 12). All patients were treated for ten weeks with erythromycin, 200 mg three times daily, orally. After ten weeks' treatment, PC20, an index of bronchial sensitivity, was increased significantly. There was no difference between atopic and nonatopic patients in the improvement of PC20. It was concluded that erythromycin reduces the severity of bronchial responsiveness in patients with bronchial asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effect of erythromycin on bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with bronchial asthma.

The effects of erythromycin (erythromycin stearate, Erythromycin; CAS 643-22-1) on the bronchial hyperresponsiveness and the functions of lymphocytes and neutrophils were evaluated. Administration of erythromycin to asthmatic patients in a dosage of 600 mg/d for 10 weeks reduced the bronchial hyperresponsiveness measured by histamine inhalation test. Furthermore, incubation with erythromycin for 96 h inhibited the mixed lymphocyte reaction at the concentration of more than 10 mumol/l in a dose-dependent manner, and the value of IC50 was about 30 mumol/l. 2-h incubation with erythromycin showed a weak inhibition to n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP)-induced superoxide production of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) at the concentration of more than 30 mumol/l in a dose-dependent manner. 1-h incubation with 1 mumol/l and 100 mumol/l of erythromycin inhibited FMLP-induced chemotaxis of PMNs. The rates of inhibition at the concentration of 1 mumol/l and 100 mumol/l were 29.7% and 41.7%, respectively. Erythromycin thus showed a beneficial effect on bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This effect might be due to the regulation of the inflammatory cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A combustion method for the simultaneous determination of 3H, 14C, and 35S in triply labeled organic samples by liquid scintillation counting.

The organic samples triply labeled with 3H, 14C, and 35S were combusted in a flow-type combustion flask under a continuous oxygen flow. The oxygen gas containing the combustion products, which were mainly 3H2O, 14CO2, and 35SO2, was introduced into successive 0.5 M H2O2 and Oxisorb (2-methoxyethylamine). The 35SO2 and 3H2O that had been partially adsorbed onto the inner wall of the combustion flask were recovered by rinsing the wall with an H2O2 solution. 3H and 35S were quantitatively recovered from the H2O2 solutions. 14C was not found in the H2O2 solutions and was recovered from Oxisorb quantitatively. The amounts of 3H, 35S, and 14C were determined by measuring the radioactivity of the H2O2 solutions and of Oxisorb with a liquid scintillation counter. Thus the separate determination of 14C and 35S in a sample was achieved. Through this combustion method, the materials including fresh animal tissues up to ca. 300 mg were conveniently combusted with quantitative recovery of 3H, 14C, and 35S.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study on ceftazidime in the treatment of intractable respiratory infections].

Ceftazidime (CAZ) was administered to 51 patients (37 males, 14 females) with respiratory infections including severe cases, accompanied by various underlying respiratory diseases. The clinical efficacy and side effects of CAZ were investigated. The mean age and body weight of these 51 cases were 62.6 years and 48.0 kg, respectively. CAZ was administered by intravenous drip infusion (daily dose of 2-4 g) for a mean of 14.7 days to a mean total dose of 56.7 g. Clinical efficacy rates were 64% (18 of 28 cases), 80% (16 of 20 cases) and 67% (2 of 3 cases) for airway and intermediary regional infections, pneumonia (including lung abscess) and pyothorax, respectively. In the bacteriological study, efficacy rates and bacterial eradication rates were 69% and 67%, 33% and 20%, 100% and 100%, and 100% and 100% for infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13 cases), Staphylococcus aureus (6 cases), Streptococcus pneumoniae (6 cases) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4 cases), respectively, and bacterial eradication was achieved in both of 2 cases of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and 2 cases of Haemophilus influenzae, and 1 case each of Peptococcus sp., Fusobacterium necrophorum and Serratia marcescens. Side effects observed were eruption in 1 case (2%) and elevated GOT, GPT and Al-P values in 1 case (2%), but these cases tended to recover after CAZ treatment was discontinued.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Desquamative interstitial pneumonia-like changes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis].

A 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever, cough and dyspnea on exertion. The chest X-ray showed diffuse reticulo-granular infiltrates. Deterioration of clinical features and remarkable elevation of BALF lymphocytes (64.3%) suggested active interstitial pneumonia. The open lung biopsy specimen showed chronic interstitial pneumonia with DIP-like pathologic change. There was a remarkable clinical, physiological and roentgenographic improvement associated with decrease of BALF lymphocytes in response to steroid therapy. BAL is useful for monitoring disease activity and tapering steroids in patients with interstitial pneumonia who respond to steroid therapy.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of azelastine on bronchial hyperresponsiveness].

We have investigated the effect of azelastine on bronchial responsiveness in 25 asthmatics, using methacholine inhalation challenge, (Astograph). Three parameters, initial respiratory resistance (RrsC), bronchial sensitivity (Dmin), and bronchial reactivity (SGrs/GrsC) were studied. After 8 weeks' treatment with 2 mg azelastine b.i.d., Dmin was increased significantly and after 4 weeks an insignificant increase was observed. RrsC and SGrs/GrsC did not change significantly during the 8 week treatment. Recent advances have revealed that various chemical mediators, especially leukotrienes, are closely related to bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Accordingly, the improvement of Dmin observed during azelastine treatment might be ascribed to its inhibitory action on the synthesis and release of leukotrienes.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Dry-distillation of experimental animal wastes containing radioisotopes].

Mice were dry-distilled at 800 degrees C for 10 min, after [32P]orthophosphate or L-[4,5-3H]leucine was intraperitoneally administered. Phosphorus-32 was quantitatively recovered in the residual solid, whereas 95% of 3H was found int he distillate (condensed water). When 14C (L-[U-14C]malic acid or L-[U-14C]leucine) was administered to mice and they were dry-distilled, 14C-radioactivity was distributed into two fractions; residual solid and exhaust gas. In these cases, the recovery percentage of 14C in residual solid was not very high but increased as the treating temperature decreased. It reached about 40% of the administered 14C at 400 degrees C for 120 min. By the dry-distillation of animals, their weight was reduced to about 10% in every animal tested (mice, rats and rabbits). The volume was reduced to about 20% in cases of mice and rats, and about 30% in case of rabbits. It was concluded that the dry-distillation can be useful as a pre-treatment for disposal of animal wastes containing radioisotopes.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Trapping of volatile iodine by an activated carbon fiber filter].

Model experiments for a simple and effective trapping device of volatile iodine that is generated during radioiodination of biomacromolecules were performed using an activated carbon fiber filter. Over 99.9% of the radioactivity was trapped by the first sheet, when a stream of the volatile radioactive iodine was passed through the layer consisting of several sheets of carbon fiber filter of pore-size 2nm preceded by two or three sheets of urethane foam filter to eliminate the water vapor. Since the carbon fiber filter has very little resistance to the gas flow, the device seems applicable to the small filter chamber for the radioiodination hood.

Charcoal↗
PubMed1984

[Distillation of used liquid scintillation cocktail and the possibility of re-utilization of the recovered solvent].

Liquid(toluene and dioxane)scintillation cocktail containing [methyl-3H]thymidine as a radioactive material was distilled by a rotary evaporator after storage for 0 to 12 months. The solvent obtained by distillation was then purified by several treatments, and the 3H-concentration in the solvent after each treatment was determined accurately. The 3H-concentration in the rotary evaporator-distillate of the cocktails reached about 0.2% of that of the original scintillation cocktails when they were stored for 12 months. But these radioactive materials could be removed completely from each solvent by several refining treatments: washing with water followed by dehydration with molecular sieves in case of toluene scintillation cocktail, and desiccation by adding excess amount of KOH in case of dioxane scintillation cocktail. It was concluded that the distillation followed by several simple refining treatments was useful to regenerate the refined solvent available for the preparation of liquid scintillation cocktail and also as a preliminary step to dispose of the waste scintillation cocktail.

Radioactive Waste↗