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Biomedical subjects

H Mori

Publications and source records attributed to H Mori.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Corticotomy and compression osteogenesis in the posterior maxilla for treating severe anterior open bite.

A new technique is described for outpatient treatment of anterior open bite. The compression osteogenesis method with a two-stage corticotomy was used in the posterior maxilla to treat a woman with severe anterior open bite. Three-week post-surgical compression using anchor plates and elastics repositioned the posterior maxillary bone/teeth segments by 7 mm to the ideal superior position. The patient had a stable skeletal position of the maxilla at 14-month follow-up with satisfactory results and no complications after orthodontic treatment. This technique appears to be an efficient option for treating patients with anterior open bite.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Neonatal cavernous angioma located in the basal ganglia with profuse intraoperative bleeding.

CASE REPORT: A rare case of congenital cavernous angioma detected during pregnancy is described. The tumor was pointed out by ultrasound in a fetus at 39 weeks gestation. The male baby was delivered by cesarean section. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor in the left basal ganglia. Because the tumor gradually enlarged and right hemiparesis became evident, a decision was made to remove the tumor. Because of profuse intraoperative bleeding, surgical total removal was not accomplished. Histopathological specimens revealed cavernous angioma. The patient was treated postoperatively with 30.4 Gy of local irradiation. His right hemiparesis improved and the tumor gradually decreased in size. DISCUSSION: The literatures are reviewed and discussed about clinical features and management controversies of this rare tumor.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed2006

Ligand-of-Numb protein X is an endocytic scaffold for junctional adhesion molecule 4.

Junctional adhesion molecule 4 (JAM4) is a cell adhesion molecule that interacts with a tight junction protein, membrane-associated guanylate kinase inverted 1 (MAGI-1). Our previous studies suggest that JAM4 is implicated in the regulation of paracellular permeability and the signalings of hepatocyte growth factor. In this study, we performed yeast two-hybrid screening to search for an unidentified JAM4-binding protein and obtained one isoform of Ligand-of-Numb protein X1 (LNX1), LNXp70, that is an interactor of Numb. Ligand-of-Numb protein X1 is expressed in kidney glomeruli and intestinal epithelial cells, where JAM4 is also detected. Immunoprecipitation from kidney lysates supports the in vivo interaction of proteins. Biochemical studies reveal that JAM4 directly binds the second PDZ domain of LNX1 through its carboxyl terminus. Junctional adhesion molecule 4, LNX1 and Numb form a tripartite complex in vitro and are partially colocalized in heterologous cells. Ligand-of-Numb protein X1 facilitates endocytosis of JAM4 and is involved in transforming growth factor beta -induced redistribution of JAM4 in mammary epithelial cells. Experiments using dominant-negative constructs and RNA interference insure that Numb is necessary for the LNX1-mediated endocytosis of JAM4. All these findings indicate that LNX1 provides an endocytic scaffold for JAM4 that is implicated in the reorganization of cell junctions.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Changes in the Burgers vector of perfect dislocation loops without contact with the external dislocations.

We report the observations of a new type of changing process in the Burgers vector of dislocations by in situ transmission electron microscopy. Small interstitial-type perfect dislocation loops in bcc iron with diameters less than approximately 50 nm are transformed from a 1/2<111> loop to another 1/2<111> one or an energetically unfavorable <100> one; furthermore, a <100> loop is transformed to a 1/2<111> one. These transformations occurred on high-energy electron irradiation or simple heating without contact with external dislocations. The origin of these phenomena is discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

In Situ HREM observation of crystalline-to-gas transition in nanometer-sized Ag particles.

Sublimation of silver atoms from a nanometer-sized silver particle, namely, the crystalline-to-gas transition, has been directly observed by high resolution electron microscopy. Remarkable sublimation of silver atoms took place at 950 K from an approximately 9-nm-sized crystalline silver particle on the graphite substrate. The sublimation continued until the whole silver particle disappeared. No melting of the particle occurred during this process. The height-to-width ratio of a nanometer-sized silver particle on graphite at 950 K was about 0.65, and the ratio did not change so much during the sublimation-induced shrinkage of the particle.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland: MR imaging findings with pathologic correlation.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Basal cell adenomas (BCAs) are rare tumors of the parotid gland. Only a few case reports describing MR imaging features of BCA have been published. The aim of this study was to describe and characterize the MR findings of BCAs of the parotid gland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed MR images of BCA with pathologic correlation in 8 cases (2 men and 6 women; age range, 52-82 years) collected between January 1992 and August 2004 from our pathologic data base. All MR images were retrospectively evaluated with respect to the marginal morphology, signal intensity (SI), and enhancement behavior by 2 experienced radiologists. RESULTS: On pathologic examination, 5 tumors were solid type, 2 were trabecular type, and 1 was membranous type. All of the tumors were well circumscribed with smooth contours. Cystic changes were seen in 4 cases. On T1-weighted images (T1WI), 7 tumors showed homogeneously low SI equal to muscle and one showed heterogeneously low SI. On T2-weighted images (T2WI), all of them showed slightly lower SI than that of surrounding parotid tissue. On gadolinium-enhanced T1WI, 6 tumors demonstrated moderate enhancement and one demonstrated strong enhancement (membranous type). Dynamic studies were performed in 4 cases. All showed rapid and prolonged enhancement. CONCLUSION: MR imaging findings of BCA were well-defined and smooth marginal morphologies, relatively low SI on both T11W and T2WI, and rapid and prolonged enhancement on dynamic study. Although BCAs are rare, they should be suspected when a tumor shows all of the characteristics noted here.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2006

Para-cavernous sinus venous structures: anatomic variations and pathologic conditions evaluated on fat-suppressed 3D fast gradient-echo MR images.

BACKGROUND: The cavernous sinus communicates with several para-cavernous sinus venous structures, receiving blood flow from the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV), the sphenoparietal sinus (SPS), and the superior ophthalmic vein, and draining into the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses and pterygoid and basilar plexuses. Anatomic variations of these veins have been previously reported; however, some details, such as the relationship between the SPS and the SMCV, are incompletely characterized. The anatomic variations of para-cavernous sinus veins, especially drainage patterns of the SMCV, were evaluated on MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients, including those without any lesions affecting the cavernous sinus or para-cavernous veins and patients with carotid cavernous fistulas, were examined by using fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced 3D fast gradient-echo MR imaging. Two neuroradiologists evaluated the images on a viewer, regarding the normal anatomy and the pathologic findings of the para-cavernous sinus veins. RESULTS: The fat-suppressed 3D fast gradient-echo MR images clearly depicted the para-cavernous sinus venous structures in all patients. SMCVs had 4 variations in the drainage patterns. The most frequent pattern was drainage into the SPS (39%), and other types were draining into cavernous sinus, pterygoid plexus, and tentorial sinus. The SPS had 3 variations. The most frequent pattern was drainage into cavernous sinus (72%), and others were the hypoplastic type or those draining into pterygoid plexus. CONCLUSION: The fat-suppressed 3D fast gradient-echo MR image is useful for evaluating the venous structures in the skull base. Knowledge of the variations is important for diagnosis and endovascular treatment of the cavernous sinus lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

An organic thyristor.

Thyristors are a class of nonlinear electronic device that exhibit bistable resistance--that is, they can be switched between two different conductance states. Thyristors are widely used as inverters (direct to alternating current converters) and for the smooth control of power in a variety of applications such as motors and refrigerators. Materials and structures that exhibit nonlinear resistance of this sort are not only useful for practical applications: they also provide systems for exploring fundamental aspects of solid-state and statistical physics. Here we report the discovery of a giant nonlinear resistance effect in the conducting organic salt theta-(BEDT-TTF)2CsCo(SCN)4, the voltage-current characteristics of which are essentially the same as those of a conventional thyristor. This intrinsic organic thyristor works as an inverter, generating an alternating current when a static direct-current voltage is applied. Whereas conventional thyristors consist of a series of diodes (their nonlinearity comes from interface effects at the p-n junctions), the present salt exhibits giant nonlinear resistance as a bulk phenomenon. We attribute the origin of this effect to the current-induced melting of insulating charge-order domains, an intrinsically non-equilibrium phenomenon in the sense that ordered domains are melted by a steady flow.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors play important roles in acquisition and expression of the eyeblink conditioned response in glutamate receptor subunit delta2 mutant mice.

Classical eyeblink conditioning has been known to depend critically on the cerebellum. Apparently consistent with this, glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice, which have serious morphological and functional deficiencies in the cerebellar cortex, are severely impaired in delay paradigm. However, these mutant mice successfully learn in trace paradigm, even in '0-trace paradigm,' in which the unconditioned stimulus starts just after the conditioned stimulus terminates. Our previous studies revealed that the hippocampus and the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors play crucial roles in 0-trace paradigm in glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice unlike in wild-type mice, suggesting a large contribution of the forebrain to 0-trace conditioning in this type of mutant mice. In the present study, we investigated the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in 0-trace eyeblink conditioning in glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with the noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist (+)MK-801 (0.1mg/kg) or saline, and conditioned with 350-ms tone conditioned stimulus followed by 100-ms periorbital shock unconditioned stimulus. Glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice that received (+)MK-801 injection exhibited a severe impairment in acquisition of the conditioned response, compared with the saline-injected glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice. In contrast, wild-type mice were not impaired in acquisition of 0-trace conditioned response by (+)MK-801 injection. After the injection solution was changed from (+)MK-801 to saline, glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice showed a rapid and partial recovery of performance of the conditioned response. On the other hand, when the injection solution was changed from saline to (+)MK-801, glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice showed a marked impairment in expression of the pre-acquired conditioned response, whereas impairment of the expression was small in wild-type mice. Injection of (+)MK-801 had no significant effects on spontaneous eyeblink frequency or startle eyeblink frequency to the tone conditioned stimulus in either glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice or wild-type mice. These results suggest that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors play critical roles both in acquisition and expression of the conditioned response in 0-trace eyeblink conditioning in glutamate receptor subunit delta2 null mutant mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Transplantation of human neural stem cells for spinal cord injury in primates.

Recent studies have shown that delayed transplantation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) into the injured spinal cord can promote functional recovery in adult rats. Preclinical studies using nonhuman primates, however, are necessary before NSPCs can be used in clinical trials to treat human patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Cervical contusion SCIs were induced in 10 adult common marmosets using a stereotaxic device. Nine days after injury, in vitro-expanded human NSPCs were transplanted into the spinal cord of five randomly selected animals, and the other sham-operated control animals received culture medium alone. Motor functions were evaluated through measurements of bar grip power and spontaneous motor activity, and temporal changes in the intramedullary signals were monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. Eight weeks after transplantation, all animals were sacrificed. Histologic analysis revealed that the grafted human NSPCs survived and differentiated into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and that the cavities were smaller than those in sham-operated control animals. The bar grip power and the spontaneous motor activity of the transplanted animals were significantly higher than those of sham-operated control animals. These findings show that NSPC transplantation was effective for SCI in primates and suggest that human NSPC transplantation could be a feasible treatment for human SCI.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Novel method of inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by the freeze pressure generation method.

It has been reported that high-pressure (over 600 MPa) treatment at room temperature inactivates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and it has recently been shown that the high pressure generated by the expansion of water due to freezing (freeze pressure generation method, or FPGM) has an inactivating effect on bacteria and fungi. In this study, we examined the effects of treatment by FPGM on HIV-1. A sturdy vessel filled with water and securely closed with a lid was kept at 0 degrees C to -30 degrees C. High pressures of 200 MPa and 250 MPa were generated at -20 degrees C and -30 degrees C, respectively. When T-cell-tropic and macrophage-tropic laboratory strains of HIV-1 were kept at -10 degrees C, the virus infectivity decreased to approximately 1/100, and was completely lost at -20 degrees C and -30 degrees C. Four T-cell-tropic and four macrophage-tropic laboratory strains and clinical isolates of HIV-1 became completely inactivated at -30 degrees C. Treatment by FPGM at -20 degrees C to -30 degrees C reduced HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity to approximately one tenth. In addition, treatment by FPGM at -20 degrees C was found to destroy the ability of HIV-1 to bind to CD4+ cells. In conclusion, this study showed that treatment by FPGM at -20 degrees C to -30 degrees C destroyed the infectivity of a wide range of HIV-1 strains, and suggested that the mechanisms of HIV-1 inactivation were the reduction in viral enzyme activity and the loss of the cell-binding ability of a viral envelope protein.

Cell Line, Tumor↗
PubMed2005

Myocardial interstitial choline and glutamate levels during acute myocardial ischaemia and local ouabain administration.

AIM: Noradrenaline (NA) uptake transporters are known to reverse their action during acute myocardial ischaemia and to contribute to ischaemia-induced myocardial interstitial NA release. By contrast, functional roles of choline and glutamate transporters during acute myocardial ischaemia remain to be investigated. Because both transporters are driven by the normal Na+ gradient across the plasma membrane in a similar manner to NA transporters, the loss of Na+ gradient would affect the transporter function, which would in turn alter myocardial interstitial choline and glutamate levels. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of acute myocardial ischaemia and the inhibition of Na+,K+-ATPase on myocardial interstitial glutamate and choline levels. METHODS: In anaesthetized cats, we measured myocardial interstitial glutamate and choline levels while inducing acute myocardial ischaemia or inhibiting Na+,K+-ATPase by local administration of ouabain. RESULTS: The choline level was not changed significantly by ischaemia (from 0.93 +/- 0.06 to 0.82 +/- 0.13 microm, mean +/- SE, n = 6) and was decreased slightly by ouabain (from 1.30 +/- 0.06 to 1.05 +/- 0.07 microm, P < 0.05, n = 6). The glutamate level was significantly increased from 9.5 +/- 1.9 to 34.7 +/- 6.1 microm by ischaemia (P < 0.01, n = 6) and from 8.9 +/- 1.0 to 15.9 +/- 2.3 microm by ouabain (P < 0.05, n = 6). Inhibition of glutamate transport by trans-L-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate (t-PDC) suppressed ischaemia- and ouabain-induced glutamate release. CONCLUSION: Myocardial interstitial choline level was not increased by acute myocardial ischaemia or by Na+,K+-ATPase inhibition. By contrast, myocardial interstitial glutamate level was increased by both interventions. The glutamate transporter contributed to glutamate release via retrograde transport.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2005

Outcome of fertility-preserving treatment in young women with endometrial carcinomas.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of conservative treatment of young women with endometrial cancer. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Gifu University Hospital, Japan from 1988 to 2002. POPULATION: Twelve women with endometrial cancer, FIGO IA estimated by MRI under 35 years. METHODS: Patients were treated with medroxyprogestreone acetate (400-600 mg/day) for 6-10 months, with endometrial curettage performed every four weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Response to therapy, pregnancies and reoccurrence of disease during follow up over a 30-month period. RESULTS: All cases had pathological complete remissions within 6-10 months. Seven of 10 wishing to have babies conceived, and five of them were delivered of full-term babies. Eight of nine cases receiving long term follow up (over 30 months) developed recurrent disease, with four opting for hysterectomy. No patient developed distant metastases or had disease-related death. CONCLUSION: Conservative therapy is feasible in carefully selected young women with endometrial cancer. Recurrence rates were high during long term observation even after pathological complete remissions. Therefore, close follow up is recommended.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

[Sutureless technique for oozing type postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture].

We report our experience using a sutureless technique for oozing type postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture. Several materials such as fibrin seat, autologous or heterologous pericardial patch, fibrin glue, and geratin-resorcin-formaldehyde (GRF) glue have been used. Nine patients, who developed postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture, underwent surgical repair using a sutureless technique between 1999 and 2004. All patients survived and discharged our hospital without any postoperative complications. And all are alive an exellent condition in 5 to 44 months. A sutureless technique for the treatment of oozing type postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture is simple, effective, and associated with a favorable outcome.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting using graft to coronary shunt for acute coronary syndrome].

We developed graft to coronary shunt during off-pump anastomosis. Proximal anastomosis of saphenous vein graft (SVG) was done formerly, and vinyl chloride tube, 5 cm long and 2 mm in diameter, was inserted into SVG. Another end was inserted into coronary artery, and continuous suture around the tube was performed before removing the tube. This technique is fit to use for the anastomosis between SVG and #3. Because the tube is easily inserted into those parts without injury of intima, and distal right coronary artery needs enough blood supply. After the revascularization of left anterior descending artery and #3, the heart can be displaced to expose circumflex artery. We adopted this technique to 3 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Though this technique is not adopted for the patients having stenosis on #4, we conclude that SVG to coronary shunt could be a important part of the strategies of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) for ACS patients.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Blalock-Taussig shunt and pulmonary artery angioplasty for isolated unilateral absence of the right pulmonary artery; report of a case].

A 7-month-old girl was referred to us for further examination of absence of the right pulmonary artery. She had no symptom at that time. Diagnosis was made by chest computed tomography (CT) and cardiac catheterization. Though the size of the right pulmonary artery was not apparent, right pulmonary vein wedge angiography revealed the distal portion of right pulmonary artery sufficient for surgical repair. But the distance between the pulmonary trunk and right pulmonary artery was too far to perform direct anastomosis, and some systemic collaterals had already been recognized. Pulmonary vasculature was also not inadequate. Therefore we planned a palliative procedure. At the age of 7 months, right modified Blalock-Tausig shunt using 5mm expand-polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) tube and angioplasty of the distal portion of right pulmonary artery using autologous pericardium roll with Dacron mesh was performed. Postoperative course was uneventful. She has been followed up for 6 months after the palliation. In the near future the completion of the definitive repair will be considered.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2005

[Jatene procedure with arch repair; usefulness of rapid two-stage repair].

Four cases of Jatene procedure with arch repair were performed since 2000 in our department. Two-stage repair was used in all cases and the extended end-to-end anastomosis and pulmonary artery banding (PAB) were performed in 3 cases as the initial repair. In a recent case of TGA type I with coarctation of the aorta (CoA), only subclavian flap aortoplasty was performed when he was 6-day-old and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was preserved and rapid two-stage Jatene procedure was performed when he was 8-day-old. There was no hospital or late death, or reoperation. The results of the two-stage Jatene procedure with arch repair was good and safe. Rapid two-stage repair was thought to be a useful choice especially for TGA type I with arch anomaly.

Aorta, Thoracic↗