Immunoreactive somatostatin contents in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with various types of epilepsy.
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
H Naruse
Publications and source records attributed to H Naruse.
[Indications for coronary revascularization and the postoperative evaluations using Tl-201 exercise myocardial scintigraphy and a bull's eye display].
Tl-201 exercise myocardial scintigraphy and quantitative analysis using bull's eye display were performed in 31 cases (18 bypass cases, 13 PTCA cases) to determine the indications for coronary artery bypass surgery and PTCA, and to evaluate postoperative improvement. Regions of interest (ROI) corresponding to each revascularized area were created on a bull's eye display. Then the washout rates (WR) and % uptakes were expressed as percentages. Improvement was judged to have occurred if the revascularized coronary artery was patent and both the WR and % uptake returned to the normal range as determined from the examinations of 20 normal cases. The results were as follows: 1. The preoperative mean WR of the improved areas (30 vessels) was 19 +- 15%, while that of the unimproved areas (15 vessels) was 35 +- 7%. We assumed that the area was suitable for revascularization when the preoperative WR was less than 25% which was in the lower limit of the normal range. Then, 18 vessels were judged to be suitable for surgery, and subsequent postoperative improvement was obtained in the 17 areas. 2. In 32 scintigraphically-improved areas, 30 vessels were angiographically patent, while five vessels were obliterated angiographically in 13 scintigraphically-unimproved areas (diagnostic validity was 76% of all 45 vessels). 3. The exercise tolerance increased significantly (p less than 0.01) from 8.7 +- 2.0 min to 11.6 +- 2.5 min in the improved cases in which all the revascularized areas were improved after revascularization. There was no change of the exercise tolerance (before: 9.4 +- 3.4 min, after: 9.4 +- 2.5 min) in the unimproved cases in which all the revascularized areas were unimproved. 4. Quantitative analysis was useful for objective evaluation, because the visual evaluations did not always agree with the quantitative evaluation. We concluded that the area with the preoperative WR less than the normal range is suitable for revascularization. As the scintigraphic evaluation was in accord with improved exercise tolerance and with patency as observed by coronary angiography, our method seems useful for postoperative follow-up.
Angioplasty, Balloon↗
[Clinical significance of precordial ST segment depression during acute inferior myocardial infarction].
To investigate the mechanisms and clinical significance of precordial (V1-V4) ST segment depression during acute inferior myocardial infarction, stress thallium-201 scintigrams and coronary angiograms were obtained within four to eight weeks after the onset of myocardial infarction in 37 patients experiencing their first acute inferior myocardial infarction. Among 18 patients with precordial ST depression (group 1), 11 with concomitant disease of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) had positive results on exercise test, whereas in seven patients without LAD lesion, only two had positive exercise test (p less than 0.01). In 19 patients without precordial ST depression (group 2), 11 had severe stenosis in the LAD. However, among these 11 patients, only two had positive exercise tests. Patients with precordial ST depression demonstrated a higher frequency of positive exercise tests than those without it (p less than 0.01). On stress thallium-201 scintigraphy, a perfusion defect involving the inferior wall was present in all patients, but additional anterior wall ischemia was present in only five of the 18 patients in group 1. These five patients had chest pain on exercise tests and a severe stenosis greater than 90% in the LAD. There was no significant difference in the frequency of additional posterolateral wall infarction between groups 1 and 2. In 18 patients in group 1, sigma ST (total degrees of ST segment depression in leads V1, V2, V3, and V4 in the acute stage) was significantly greater in 11 patients with LAD lesion than in seven without (p less than 0.05), and sigma ST greater than five mm was observed in 12 of 13 patients who had additional anterior wall ischemia and posterolateral wall infarction on stress thallium-201 scintigraphy (p less than 0.05). Myocardial revascularization, such as aortocoronary bypass surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), was performed in six of the 18 patients in group 1 in the chronic stage, but in only one of the 19 patients in group 2. Thus, in patients with initial acute inferior myocardial infarction, those with precordial ST depression seemed to be a high-risk group. It was suggested that, during the early stage of myocardial infarction, this abnormality on electrocardiograms is related to the summation of effects of anterior wall ischemia and posterolateral wall infarction. Furthermore, the sigma ST evaluation is useful in differentiating a mirror image of inferior wall infarction from anterior wall ischemia and posterolateral wall infarction as the mechanism of precordial ST depression.
Angiography↗
[Infarct size determined by emission computed tomography using 99mTc-PYP: effect of coronary thrombolysis].
Emission computed tomography with 99mTc-PYP was used to estimate infarct size in 38 patients with documented acute myocardial infarction. In the present study, the effect of thrombolysis with Urokinase on infarct size and on left ventricular function was assessed. Fourteen patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent intracoronary thrombolysis within six hours after the onset of symptoms, and 24 patients who underwent conventional therapy were the subjects of this study. Infarct size was measured by drawing a region of interest around the myocardial pyrophosphate uptake for each tomographic slice. The boundary was then defined as 65% of the maximal count within the region of interest as determined by phantom volume studies. The total number of voxels was obtained by adding those in all slices and multiplying the sum by the voxel volume (0.205 ml per one voxel) to determine the infarct volume. Measurement of the 99mTc-PYP uptake on the tomographic image revealed an average infarct size of 100.1 +/- 36.0 ml (ranged 45 to 198). The calculated infarct volume correlated significantly with sigma CPK (p less than 0.01) and with left ventricular ejection fraction (p less than 0.01), but not with the peak CPK. In patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction, the mean infarct volume was 78.4 +/- 29.1 ml in the coronary thrombolysis group, and 105.1 +/- 33.7 ml in the conventional bypass graft treatment group (p less than 0.05). We concluded that successful intracoronary thrombolysis may reduce infarct size. ECT imaging with 99mTc-PYP to determine infarct size may be clinically applicable in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Adult↗
[Right ventricular ejection and regional wall motion evaluated by cardiac blood pool emission computed tomography].
Calculating right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (EF) is difficult because of geometrical problems such as irregular trabeculations, a separate infundibulum, and variations in the right ventricular shape. We performed 99mTc ECG-(dual)gated cardiac blood pool emission computed tomography (ECT) in 10 patients with ischemic heart disease, three patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and eight normal subjects as controls, and RVEF and % shortening of the RV were calculated to evaluate right ventricular function. Methods were as follows: 1) RVEF: The region of interest (ROI) of the RV was determined on reconstructed short-axial images, and then the RV counts in the ROI were summed from the apical slice to the RA-RV boundary slice. (Formula: see text) 2) % shortening of the RV: At the RV mid-portion, the contour from the short-axial image was obtained using the threshold method; the end-diastolic contour was superimposed on the end-systolic contour, and then shortenings in the RV free wall and septum respectively, were calculated. To evaluate reliability of RVEF obtained by this method, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) calculated using the same method was compared with results obtained by the previously validated method: There were significant correlations with contrast cineangiography (r = 0.69) and the conventional multigated method (r = 0.90), respectively. Cases with decreased RVEF showed a variety of right ventricular abnormal findings, including positive uptake on 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy, occlusion of the right coronary artery, RV dilatation on echocardiography. The mean RV free wall shortening in the decreased RVEF group was lower than that of the normal group (p less than 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference in the decreased LVEF group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Comparison of two-dimensional echocardiography with 201T1-single photon emission computed tomography for evaluating the myocardial infarct zone].
The reliability of measuring the myocardial infarct zone by two-dimensional echocardiography (2 DE) was compared with that by regional myocardial blood flow as evaluated by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 47 patients with old myocardial infarction, with ventricular aneurysm (An group; n = 15), and without ventricular aneurysm (Non-An group; n = 32). Short-axis images of the left ventricle at the level of the mitral valve, the papillary muscles, and the apex were obtained both by 2DE and SPECT. The left ventricular wall was divided into 36 segments in 2DE and 40 segments in SPECT with reference points at the posterior end of the right side of the interventricular septum. The segments in which the radial shortening on 2DE and the 201Tl uptake index on SPECT were below one standard deviation from the means of 10 normal subjects were defined as those with abnormal wall motion and hypoperfused areas, respectively. The relationships between these findings were studied. The extent of apical movement was measured by left ventricular cineangiography in each case, and was compared between the An and Non-An groups. 1. Wall motion abnormalities on 2DE and hypoperfusion on SPECT showed a correspondence of 81% in the An group and 78% in the Non-An group at the level of the mitral valve, and 78% in the An group and 76% in the Non-An group at the papillary muscle level. However, a better correspondence was observed in the An group (84%) as compared to the Non-An group (64%) at the level of the apex. 2. Apical movement assessed by cineangiography showed more extensive changes in the Non-An group than in the An group (2.3 +/- 0.9 mm vs 4.1 +/- 1.7 mm in the RAO view, 2.4 +/- 1.9 mm vs 5.3 +/- 2.1 mm in the LAO view). From these observations, it was suspected that the cause of disparity between radial shortening and the 201Tl uptake index at the level of the apex is related to the cardiac movement of the apex toward the base during systole. 3. Since wall motion abnormalities demonstrated by radial shortening (2DE) and hypoperfusion indicated by the 201Tl uptake index (SPECT) generally corresponded well, 2DE was thought to be a useful method for evaluating myocardial infarct zone.
Aged↗
Sensitive determination of deuterated and non-deuterated tryptophan, tryptamine and serotonin by combined capillary gas chromatography and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
Sensitive methods for the determination of deuterated and non-deuterated tryptophan, tryptamine and serotonin by combined capillary gas chromatography and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry were developed. [3,3-2H2]-L-Tryptophan, which was used as a tracer, was synthesized for studies of their in vivo metabolism. Tryptophan was converted into its trifluoroacetylmethyl derivative after prepurification with an AG 50W-X2 cation-exchange column. Tryptamine and serotonin were extracted with 20% butanol in diethyl ether and derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride. These derivatives were separated and determined by selected ion monitoring. In these determinations, [2',3,3,4',5',6',7'-2H7]-D,L-tryptophan, [alpha,alpha,beta,beta-2H4]tryptamine and [alpha,alpha,beta,beta-2H4]serotonin were used as internal standards.
Chemical Phenomena↗
Sensitive determination of tyrosine metabolites, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-acetic acid and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid, by gas chromatography-negative-ion chemical-ionization mass spectrometry. Application to a stable isotope-labelled tracer experiment to investigate their metabolism in man.
A method has been established for studying the dynamic metabolism of tyrosine to its metabolites in humans using a deuterium-labelled amino acid. Phenylalanine-d5 was administered orally to human subjects (5 mg/kg) and the levels of p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid-d4, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid-d3, and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelic acid-d3 excreted into urine every hour were determined by gas chromatography-negative-ion chemical-ionization mass spectrometry. This method was also applied to some patients with depression and it was possible to detect a slight alteration in the excretion of some compounds compared with the control.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
Studies on the adaptation of mumps virus to chick embryo.
About 15 serial passages of wild type mumps virus (Sasazaki strain) in the amnion sac of chick embryo (CE) yielded a CE-adapted strain which was poorly replicative and did not form plaques in Vero cells where the wild strain grew well. In the course of this limited replication of the CE-adapted strain in Vero cells, we have analysed the viral protein and RNA synthesis. It was found that protein synthesis took place very efficiently at least early in infection by 12 h. The subsequent rate of synthesis remained, however, at a low level without showing the progressively increasing synthesis observed with the wild strain. Furthermore, 50S genomic RNA was synthesized early in the limited infection, but the subsequent synthesis was markedly suppressed. In addition, the other virus-specific RNA species could not be detected throughout. Thus the amplified RNA synthesis observed in the permissive CE cells and in the wild strain-infection of Vero cells seemed not to occur in the limited replication. Neither interferon nor DI (defective interfering) RNA was involved in the limited virus growth. When Vero cells were infected with the wild strain 6 to 8 h before inoculation of CE-adapted strain, growth restriction was overcome and the yield of the latter virus was greatly enhanced by a factor more than 10(3). These results suggest that through adaptation to CE, mumps virus may be altered in such a way that there is a restriction, probably at a step (s) involved in amplification of the viral RNA synthesis in Vero cells and that the restriction may be overcome by the simultaneous genome expression of the prototype wild strain.
Animals↗
Temperature-sensitive mutants of fowl plague virus defective in the intracellular transport of the hemagglutinin.
Nine mutants of fowl plague virus with temperature-sensitive defects in the biosynthesis of the hemagglutinin have been characterized by analyzing the processing and the intracellular location of this glycoprotein in MDCK and chick embryo cells. It was found that with all of these mutants the transport of the hemagglutinin to the cell surface was impeded at the non-permissive temperature. There were differences, however, in the site of the block. With mutants tsl, ts227, ts478 and ts658 the precursor HA was not cleaved and the oligosaccharide side chains remained sensitive to endoglucosaminidase H. When the hemagglutinin was analyzed in permeabilized cells by immunofluorescence, usually only cytoplasmic labeling was seen. Immunofluorescence of non-permeabilized cells and hemadsorption revealed that the hemagglutinin did not reach the cell surface. In contrast, the hemagglutinin of mutants ts79, ts482, ts532, ts546 and ts651 was cleaved and oligosaccharides were processed to the endoglucosaminidase H-resistant form at non-permissive temperature. In permeabilized cells, the cytoplasm and juxtanuclear regions typical for the Golgi apparatus were labeled by immunofluorescence. Except for ts482, ts532 and ts546 which were leaky, hemagglutinin could not be detected at the cell surface. These observations indicate that, with the first group of mutants, hemagglutinin transport is usually arrested already in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, whereas with the second group it is inhibited at a late stage between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane.
Animals↗
[Left ventricular asynergy detected by cardiac blood pool emission computed tomography using the subtraction method].
To evaluate left ventricular regional wall motion, ECG dual-gated cardiac blood pool ECT was performed for 25 patients with ischemic heart disease, including 19 cases of myocardial infarction, five cases of angina pectoris, and one case of post A-C bypass surgery. There were six normal controls. Following SPECT obtained using 32 views (180 degrees), the vertical and horizontal long axes were reconstructed from transaxial images. Then, regional wall motion was evaluated from subtraction images; (end-diastolic)-(end-systolic) and (end-systolic)-(end-diastolic) images. SPECT images were compared with left ventriculography (LVG); vertical long-axial ECT images with segments 1-5 of LVG by the AHA classification, and horizontal ECT long-axial images with segments 6 and 7 of LVG, respectively. The subtraction images from ECG dual-gated cardiac blood pool ECT corresponded with left ventriculography in 79.4% of 175 segments in 25 patients with ischemic heart disease (sensitivity 92.6%, specificity 68.0%, and accuracy 79.4%). When wall motion was classified as normal, hypokinesis, akinesis, and aneurysmal, good agreement was observed between the two methods in 68% of these segments. The locations of asynergy as obtained by this method were closely in accord with those of perfusion defects by Tl-201 myocardial SPECT in 74.4% of segments. Left ventricular aneurysms were detected using subtraction image; (end-systolic)-(end-diastolic). We conclude that this subtraction method is useful for evaluating left ventricular asynergy.
Adult↗
Haemagglutinin transport mutants.
Two mutants (ts1 and ts651) with a temperature sensitive defect in the intracellular transport of the haemagglutinin from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane have been analysed. Nucleotide sequencing of the haemagglutinin revealed with each mutant two point mutations that are located in the stem region of the molecule.
Base Sequence↗
Neonatal screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Japan.
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17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
High-performance liquid chromatographic method for screening disorders of aromatic acid metabolism using a multi-detection system.
This paper describes the use of a high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with an ultraviolet multi-detection system for the analysis of aromatic acids to help establish a high-risk screening system for disorders of organic acid metabolism. The peak height ratios of about seventy metabolically important aromatic acids have been compiled using the multi-detection system. It may be possible to identify aromatic acids by comparing retention time and peak height ratios. The method was very effective for the diagnosis of disorders of aromatic acid metabolism.
Benzoates↗
Influence of pimozide on hypothalamo-pituitary function in children with behavioral disorders.
Hypothalamo-pituitary functions were examined in thirteen children with behavioral disorders (six with hyperkinesia, four with autism, two with tic and one with schizophrenia) before and during treatment with pimozide, an antidopaminergic drug. The mean (+/- S.E.M.) basal serum PRL level (24.5 +/- 4.2 ng/ml) during pimozide treatment was significantly higher than that (12.4 +/- 3.2 ng/ml) before treatment. Hyperresponse of PRL to TSH releasing hormone (TRH) was observed in five (three with hyperkinesia, one with tic and one with autism) of the thirteen patients before treatment and in seven (four with hyperkinesia, two with autism and one with tic) during treatment. Mean TSH response during treatment was not significantly different from that before treatment. However, three of the four autistic children showed hyperresponse of TSH to TRH before treatment, whereas only one also showed a hyperresponse during treatment. The pimozide treatment had no demonstrable influence on GH or cortisol secretion in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, or on serum T4 and T3 levels.
Adolescent↗
Development of an enzyme immunoassay for delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) and its use in the determination of the metabolic clearance rate of DSIP administered to dogs.
A method for the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) has been developed and applied to determine the metabolic clearance rate and biological half-life of DSIP administered to dogs. Antisera to DSIP conjugated to bovine serum albumin were raised in rabbits and proved to be specific for the C-terminus of the peptide. DSIP conjugated to horseradish peroxidase served as the labeled antigen in the EIA and enzyme activity was determined by fluorophotometry. The assay sensitivity was approximately 30 pg/ml. 1 or 2 mg of DSIP was injected intravenously into 4 anesthetized dogs and blood was taken at 5-min intervals. Unextracted plasma was subjected to the EIA directly and showed parallel displacement curves to the standards. DSIP was found to have a rapid disappearance with a mean metabolic clearance rate of 30.7 +/- 2.5 ml/kg . min and a mean half-life of 4.0 +/- 0.7 min in the dogs. Additional measurement of the metabolic parameters in a monkey and 3 rats treated similarly revealed a rapid in vivo clearance of DSIP from plasma with a half-life of 2.9 and 2.0 +/- 0.54 min, respectively.
Animals↗
The stabilization of alpha-keto acids in biological samples using hydrazide gel column treatment.
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Humans↗
Sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of catecholamines in rat brain using a laser fluorimetric detection system.
A sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of catecholamines in rat brains has been developed using a fluorescence detector equipped with a continuous wave laser as an excitation light source. A new pre-purification and derivatization method was established and confirmed to be useful for the determination of catecholamines in biological samples. This pre-treatment method was simple, reproducible and specific. About 1 mg of the rat brain tissue was enough to determine catecholamines levels. The levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in rat brain were 0.40 and 0.87 ng, respectively, which agree with the findings of other workers.
Animals↗