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H Niibe

Publications and source records attributed to H Niibe.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Sonographic--histopathologic correlation on human tumor in nude mice treated with percutaneous ethanol injection therapy and radiation therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the relation between ultrasonography and histopathologic findings on tumor treated with percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) and radiation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ultrasound-histopathologic correlation was examined in animal models of PEIT and radiation therapy using human tumor xenografts. RESULTS: The detectability of intratumoral necrosis was correlated with size, distribution, and histologic features of necrosis. Echogenicity of necrosis induced by PEIT varied: coagulation necrosis with few basophilic degenerated nuclei was hyperechoic to viable tumor and easily recognized 7 to 14 days after PEIT. Necrosis, including abundant basophilic nuclei, showed similar echogenicity to viable tumor and was poorly identified. Six hours after radiation therapy, shrunken cells appeared scattered throughout the tumor, but they were not detected by ultrasound. CONCLUSION: To evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment with ultrasound through changes of internal echoes, the pattern of cell death also should be considered, which influences echogenicity of treated tumor tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Hyperfractionated and hypofractionated radiation therapy for human malignant glioma xenograft in nude mice.

Xenografts of a human malignant glioma subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice were irradiated with graded single doses (2, 5, 10 or 20 Gy) or five types of fractionation schedules in two weeks: conventional [20 Gy in 10 fractions (fr)], hyperfractionated [24 Gy in 20 fr (two fractions per day)], and hypofractionated-1, 2, 3 [20 Gy, 18 Gy, 16 Gy in 4 fr]. All of the fractionated irradiation groups showed tumor regression. The hypofractionation-1 group (20 Gy in 4 fr) demonstrated the most prominent tumor regression, while the hyperfractionation group (24 Gy in 20 fr) showed the least effect. The hypofractionation-2 group (18 Gy in 4 fr) showed similar regression to the conventional fractionation group (20 Gy in 10 fr). Histologically, tumors in the control groups consisted of a homogenous population of small anaplastic cells, and only a small number of tumor cells were glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive. Following irradiation, the population of small anaplastic cells decreased and the percentage of GFAP-positive cells increased. Cellular pleomorphism became much more prominent after irradiation in all of the fractionated irradiation groups as compared with the graded single dose irradiation groups. In this study, hyperfractionation was not effective against human glioma xenografts compared with conventional fractionation and hypofractionation. This indicates that care is needed in applying hyperfractionation regimens to human malignant gliomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: radiation therapy for patients aged 70 years and older.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of radiation therapy for elderly patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred ninety-three patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix underwent external pelvic irradiation and three sessions of low-dose-rate intracavitary irradiation. One hundred twenty-six patients were aged 70 years or older (elderly group), and 167 patients were aged 69 years or younger (younger group). Survival rates, pattern of failure, local control rates, and complications for the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The 5-year, cause-specific survival rates for the elderly group with stage I, II, III, or IV disease were 100%, 81%, 73%, and 54%, respectively. Corresponding rates for the younger group were 100%, 92%, 74%, and 32%. Differences in survival curves, patterns of failure, recurrence rates, and incidences of radiation complications for the two groups were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Age did not influence the effectiveness of radiation therapy for the elderly patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Superficial esophageal cancer: multicenter analysis of results of definitive radiation therapy in Japan.

PURPOSE: To assess the effectiveness of definitive radiation therapy in patients with superficial esophageal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Method of irradiation, local control rate, survival rate, and complications were assessed in 105 patients (89 men, 16 women; age range, 50-88 years) with superficial esophageal cancer treated with definitive radiation therapy at 15 hospitals in 1981-1990. RESULTS: All lesions were confirmed to be squamous cell carcinoma. The overall 5-year survival rate was 38.7%; the 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 71.0%. The 2-year local control rate was 83.0%. Late complications occurred in 16 patients. The prevalence of complications was relatively high in the group treated with intraluminal radiation therapy. CONCLUSION: Local control and survival rates in patients treated with radiation therapy were excellent, especially in the group treated with external and intraluminal radiation therapy; however, the optimal dose and optimal combination of external and intraluminal radiation therapy should be further assessed.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Immunohistochemical study of radiation-induced apoptosis and oncogenes].

Relationships between radiation-induced apoptosis and oncogenes or suppressor genes (p53, MDM2, c-myc, p21ras and bcl-2) were immunohistochemically studied in 7 human tumors transplanted to nude mice. The most radiosensitive ependymoblastoma was negative for p53 and c-myc, however, the other 6 tumors were positive for them. Following irradiation, the ependymoblastoma became p53 positive, and showed the highest incidence of apoptosis among the 7 tumors. In addition, bcl-2 expression in this tumor was slightly different from that in the others.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Radiation therapy for esophageal cancer in patients over 80 years old.

PURPOSE: A retrospective analysis was performed to investigate the treatment outcome and the significance of radiation therapy for esophageal cancer in patients over 80 years old. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1971 and 1990, 257 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus were treated by radiation therapy. Of these, 40 patients over eighty years old were investigated. The reasons for radiation therapy were advanced age alone in 22 patients, Stage IV disease in 13, and medical problems in 5. Of these, 33 patients (83%) could be irradiated over 60 Gy. The cases with Stage I to III disease who received 60 Gy or more were defined as the curative radiation therapy group, and the others were defined as the palliative radiation therapy group. Actuarial survival rates were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-specific survival rate for the curative radiation therapy group (n = 25) was 34% with three intercurrent deaths. None of the patients in the palliative radiation therapy group (n = 15), including 13 cases with Stage IV and two given-up cases, survived over 2 years. No severe radiation damage was observed in either group. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 64% for complete response cases of local response, and 8% for partial response and no change cases (p < 0.01). The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 64% for the patients with tumors less than 5 cm in length, and 8% for the patients with tumors over 5 cm in length (p < 0.001). No significant survival differences were found in regard to sex and tumor location. The patients with superficial spreading type and polypoid type tumors according to the radiologic findings had better prognoses than the patients with ulcerative type and circumferential type tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Radiation therapy is a safe and effective treatment for esophageal cancer in patients over 80 years old.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of external beam therapy and three brachytherapy fractions for carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

PURPOSE: A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate external beam therapy and three brachytherapy fractions for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, compared with those with other histological types. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Three hundred and twenty-two patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix received external pelvic irradiation combined with three sessions of low dose rate intracavitary irradiation within 6 weeks. Two hundred and ninety-three patients had squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), whereas 29 patients had nonsquamous cell histology (N-SCC): 18 had adenocarcinoma, 5 had undifferentiated carcinoma, 4 had adenosquamous carcinoma, and 2 had adenoacanthoma. Survival rates, patterns of failure, local control rates, and complications in the patients with SCC were compared with those in the patients with N-SCC. RESULTS: The 5-year overall actuarial survival rates for the patients with SCC and for those with N-SCC were: 84% and 100% in Stage I disease, 72% and 38% in Stage II disease, 52% and 17% in Stage III disease, and 29% and 0% in Stage IV disease, respectively. The 5-year cause specific survival rates for the patients with SCC in Stages I to IV disease were 100%, 87%, 72%, and 39%. Corresponding rates for the patients with N-SCC were 100%, 43%, 25%, and 0%. There was a statistically significant difference between the survival curves for two histological types in Stage II B, III B, and IV A diseases. The local control for the patients with N-SCC was worse than in the patients with SCC. The crude moderate and severe rectal complication rates (Grades 3 and 4) for the patients with SCC and for the patients with N-SCC were 7.5% and 3.4%, respectively. Only one patient with SCC developed chronic small intestinal injury in this series. We observed four patients with SCC who developed Grade 2 and four with Grade 4 urinary bladder complications. CONCLUSIONS: Three sessions of intracavitary brachytherapy were a safe and effective procedure for the patients with SCC and the outcome of radiation therapy in the patients with SCC was satisfactory even in advanced cases. However, local control of N-SCC is difficult to achieve by this method and the prognosis for patients with N-SCC was significantly worse than that for patients with SCC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Late relapse of small cell lung cancer treated with radiation therapy alone--case report.

This report describes an unusual case of a long-term survivor with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), treated with radiation therapy alone having a late relapse with solitary brain metastasis 6.5 years after the initial treatment. He received radiation therapy and died of the brain metastasis 8.5 years after the initial treatment. Autopsy revealed no tumor recurrence at the primary site and no distant metastases except for the brain. The histology of the brain tumor was small cell carcinoma.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Prognostic factors of poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx.

Retrospective analysis was performed with intent to evaluate prognostic factors in radiation therapy for 72 patients with histologically confirmed poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx. The 10-year overall actuarial and cause specific survival rates were 36 and 40%, respectively. The median survival time was 43 months. Sixteen patients survived for more than 10 years (maximum 297 months). The five- and 10-year cause specific survival rates for Stages I, II, III and IV disease were 100 and 100%, 80 and 27%, 83 and 83%, and 38 and 31%, respectively. Two patients with Stage II disease died of a re-recurrent tumor more than seven years after their initial treatment. There was a significant difference between the survival curve for Stage I or III disease and that for Stage IV disease (P < 0.05). The patients with a T1-3 tumor had a statistically better survival rate than those with a T4 tumor (T1:T4, P < 0.001, T2 or T3:T4, P < 0.05). The patients with N0 had statistically better survival rates than those with N3 (P < 0.01). Twenty-eight patients developed loco-regional recurrence. Twenty-one patients developed distant bone metastases, most of which occurred within a year of the initiation of radiation therapy. The survival for the patients with loco-regional recurrence was nearly the same as that for the patients without loco-regional recurrence. The 10-year survival rates for patients with and without distant bone metastases were 0 and 48%, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that the parameters influencing cause specific survival were stage categories of T and N, and adjuvant chemotherapy, whereas those influencing loco-regional recurrence were only stage categories of T and N. The only parameter to influence distant bone metastases was sex. We concluded the most important cause of failure for the patients with poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx to be distant bone metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Effect of LC9018 combined with radiation therapy on carcinoma of the uterine cervix. A phase III, multicenter, randomized, controlled study.

BACKGROUND: The failure rate with radiation therapy alone for Stage III cervical cancer is quite high, and therefore other modalities are being pursued as adjuvants to radiation therapy in hopes of improving the results. METHODS: A randomized, controlled, comparative study on the efficacy and safety of radiation therapy combined with LC9018 (a biologic response modifier prepared from heat-killed Lactobacillus casei YIT9018) was conducted using 228 patients with Stage IIIB cervical cancer. RESULTS: LC9018 enhanced tumor regression (P < 0.1) by radiation after both 30 Gy of external radiation and at the completion of radiation therapy. The combination therapy also prolonged survival and the relapse-free interval (P < 0.05) compared to radiation alone. Analysis of survival using the Cox proportional hazard model indicated that use of LC9018 was a significant factor related to survival duration. Major side effects of combined LC9018 included fever and skin lesions at the injection site, but no severe symptoms were noted. Radiation-induced leukopenia was significantly less severe (P < 0.05) in the LC9018-combined group than in the radiation-alone group, suggesting that this agent might help to prevent leukopenia during radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: LC9018 was shown to be an effective agent for adjuvant immunotherapy when combined with radiation therapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1993

Clinical study of radioprotective effects of amifostine (YM-08310, WR-2721) on long-term outcome for patients with cervical cancer.

PURPOSE: A retrospective analysis was performed to investigate the radioprotective effects of amifostine on the long-term outcome of radiation therapy for the patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Eighty-three patients with histologically proven epidermoid carcinoma (Stage II-IVA disease) of the uterine cervix were treated with definitive radiation therapy between January 1978 and December 1984. Forty-six patients treated with radiation alone, whereas 37 patients treated with radiation plus amifostine. Amifostine was given intravenously 30 min prior to every radiation. Most patients received 75 mg/m2 of amifostine daily from the initiation of the course of radiation therapy. The median total dose of amifostine given was 1300 mg/m2, with a range of 280 mg/m2 to 3700 mg/m2. RESULTS: The 5-year overall actuarial survival for the patients treated with radiation alone and with radiation plus amifostine were: 72% and 88% in Stage II disease (p = 0.45); 52% and 50% in Stage III disease (p = 0.68); and 40% and 43% in Stage IVA disease (p = 0.51), respectively. The 5-year intra-pelvic recurrence rates in the patients treated with amifostine were almost the same as those observed in the patients treated without amifostine (0% vs. 6% in Stage II disease; 15% vs. 10% in Stage III disease; 25% vs. 40% in Stage IVA disease). There was also no statistically significant difference of the chronic rectal or bladder complication rate between the groups treated by each regimen. CONCLUSION: We concluded that any radioprotective effects of amifostine on tumor tissue and any beneficial effects of amifostine against chronic radiation injury were not observed in the patients with cervical cancer followed up for more than 5 years after radiation therapy.

Amifostine↗
PubMed1993

Radioimmunodetection of lung cancer with IMACIS-1, I-131 labeled monoclonal antibodies to CEA and CA19-9. Comparison of accumulations in irradiated and non-irradiated site.

IMACIS-1 is a radiopharmaceutical containing a mixture of Iodine-131 labeled monoclonal antibodies to CEA and CA19-9. IMACIS-1 immunoscintigraphy was evaluated for tumor detection in 7 primary lung cancer and 2 metastatic lung cancer patients who received radiotherapy. No adverse side effects due to IMACIS-1 were observed in this study. Positive detection was achieved in 5 of 9 patients (55.6%). It was less, but nearly the same as the detection rate obtained with Gallium-67 citrate (67Ga-citrate) in these patients. There was no clear correlation between IMACIS-1 accumulation and the CEA or CA19-9 serum levels. The IMACIS-1 positive detection rate decreased in many of the irradiated lesions. We considered that the decreased number of tumor cells and changes in blood perfusion are some of the factors controlling accumulation in tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Second lung cancer following radiation therapy of locally advanced pulmonary cancer.

Three cases of second primary lung cancer following radiation therapy to the first pulmonary cancer were reported. In all cases, the first cancers located in the upper lobe and were unresectable diseases, their histologic type being epidermoid carcinoma. Radiation therapy was given with total doses of 60-70 Gy. Ten years later the second cancers arose in the contralateral lung and were treated with radiation therapy again.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Establishment and characterization of a rat yolk sac tumor cell line, NMT-1, producing alpha-fetoprotein, with potential for lymphatic metastasis.

A new cell line producing alpha-fetoprotein, designated NMT-1, was established from rat yolk sac tumor with the potential for lymphatic metastasis in inbred Wistar rats. In this paper, we investigated the characteristics of NMT-1 cells. The cell line grew in a monolayer and had a polygonal epithelioid appearance in phase-contrast microscopy. The doubling time of NMT-1 cells during exponential growth was approximately 16 h in RPMI-1640 with 10% fetal calf serum. The D0 value for radiation sensitivity was 97 +/- 3 cGy. The extrapolation number, n, for NMT-1 was 1.08 +/- 0.15. In the log phase, the G0/G1, S and G2/M fractions were 23.2%, 62.1% and 14.3%, respectively. Tumor take was observed in all of the rats inoculated with NMT-1 cells. In the case of flank tumor, the mean survival time was 104 days after inoculation with 10(6) tumor cells. Inguinal, axillary, paraaortic, mesenteric and mediastinal lymphnode metastases were observed in all rats inoculated with NMT-1 cells. Rats which survived for a long time developed metastases in a lymphatic vessels of the liver, lung and/or kidney microscopically. The biological behavior and the histopathological features of the tumor induced by inoculation with NMT-1 cells were the same as those of the original tumor induced by fetectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Malignant lymphoma of Waldeyer's ring. A histological and immunohistochemical study.

The histopathological and immunohistological features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma limited to the Waldeyer's ring were studied in 22 Japanese patients using a panel of T- and B-cell markers on paraffin-embedded sections. All cases showed a diffuse growth pattern. Twenty cases were B-cell lymphomas and two were T-cell lymphomas. In contrast to the primary malignant lymphomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, in which T-cell neoplasms are more frequently seen, the majority of the primary Waldeyer's ring lymphomas were B-cell neoplasms. Sixteen of the 20 cases of B-cell lymphoma were centroblastic lymphomas, and the monomorphic variant comprised the majority of these; the other three B-cell lymphomas were immunocytomas. Two of the T-cell lymphomas showed morphological features of angiocentric lymphomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Short communication: adverse chronic effects of high-dose irradiation on proximal bronchus in patients treated for bronchogenic carcinoma.

Of five patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the lung who were treated with small fields of 80 Gy in 40 fractions/8-11 weeks (TDF123-129) to the hilar region, four patients developed marked stenosis of the proximal bronchi without tumour progression and died of pulmonary insufficiency 1-3 years after radiotherapy. These results should serve as a warning against escalation of the radiation dose, and the upper optimal dose might prove to be less than 80 Gy for the treatment of pulmonary hilar lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Split-course radiation therapy in non-small cell lung cancer].

Split-course radiation therapy (Sp-RT) is based on theoretical differences between the kinetics of normal and malignant cells. A rest interval halfway through the course of treatment permits the normal tissues to recover, while the tumor shows vary little repopulation. Indeed, it shows mostly regression, resulting in shrinkage of the radiation field. From 1976 through 1985, 185 patients with localized but inoperable or unresectable (stage I-III) non-small cell carcinoma of the lung completed high-dose definitive RT delivered by continuous-course or split-course irradiation. Forty-seven patients who had large tumors or atelectases of the lung showing slow radioresponsiveness received Sp-RT over 60 Gy at 2 Gy per fraction. Rest periods were two or three weeks long in the interrupted schedules. The 5-year survival rate was 16% in the Sp-RT group and 13% in the continuous RT group. In the 33 patients that had differentiated epidermoid carcinoma with slow responsiveness to irradiation, the radiation fields could be shrunk by Sp-RT to the same extent as in the continuous group. Sp-RT was considered to be useful in the treatment of well-differentiated epidermoid carcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗