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H Nishijima

Publications and source records attributed to H Nishijima.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of forearm flexor muscles in student rowers using an exercise protocol adjusted for differences in cross-sectional muscle area.

To assess exercise energy metabolism of forearm flexor muscles in rowers, six male student rowers and six control subjects matched for age and sex were studied using phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS). Firstly, to adjust for the effect of differences in cross-sectional muscle area, the maximal cross-sectional area (CSAmax) of the forearm flexor muscles was estimated in each individual using magnetic resonance imaging. Multistage exercise was then carried out with an initial energy production of 1 J.cm-2 CSAmax for 1 min and an increment of 1 J.cm-2 CSAmax every minute to the point of muscle exhaustion. A series of measurements of 31P-MRS were performed every minute. The CSAmax was significantly greater in the student rowers than in the control subjects [19.8 (SD 2.2) vs 17.1 (SD 1.2) cm2, P less than 0.05]. The absolute maximal exercise intensity (J.min-1) was greater in the rowers than in the control subjects. However, the maximal exercise intensity per unit of muscle cross sectional area (J.min-1.cm-2) was not significantly different between the two groups. During mild to moderate exercise intensities, a decrease in phosphocreatine and an increase in inorganic phosphate before the onset of acidosis were significantly less in the rowers, indicating a requirement of less adenosine 5'-diphosphate to drive adenosine 5'-triphosphate production. The onset of acidosis was also significantly delayed in the rowers. No difference was observed in forearm blood flow between the two groups at the same exercise intensity (J.min-1.cm-2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The incidence of cardiac events in Japanese men with atypical or nonanginal chest pain: a prospective study on the significance of exercise testing.

The incidence of cardiac events in Japanese men (mean age 54 +/- 10 years) with atypical or nonanginal chest pain was assessed prospectively. Three groups of patients, those with typical angina (TA; n = 134), those with atypical angina (AA; n = 192), and those with nonanginal chest pain (NA; n = 311) were studied with regard to cardiac events (cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction), risk factors, and results of exercise testing. The total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were significantly different among the three groups, but no differences were observed for other risk factors. The incidences of cardiac events were 8.5%, 2.2%, and 1.3% in the TA, AA, and NA groups, respectively (p less than 0.05) during 3.2 +/- 1.5 years. Significant ST segment changes were observed in 70.1%, 25.5%, and 18.0% of the patients in the TA, AA, and NA groups, respectively, at the time of enrollment. The risk ratio for cardiac events in a positive exercise test was 1.7 (difference not significant) for the TA group and 6.1 (p less than 0.05) for the others combined (AA and NA groups). The risk ratio adjusted for risk factors (Cox model) was 2.2 (difference not significant) for the TA group and 4.9 (p less than 0.05) for the AA and NA groups combined. In conclusion, the incidence of cardiac events in those with AA or NA chest pain was relatively low in Japan, but the independent prognostic significance of positive exercise testing was demonstrated in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Beneficial effect of stopping smoking on future cardiac events in male smokers with previous myocardial infarction.

UNLABELLED: We assessed the effect of stopping smoking on future cardiac events (cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI)) in 90 male smokers with previous MI by a prospective follow-up study. At the time of enrollment, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to their current smoking status (Group A: those who had stopped smoking (n = 60), and Group B: those who were still smoking (n = 30)). Follow-up was performed prospectively by annual postal questionnaires. During the mean follow-up period of 3.1 +/- 1.4 years, 13 cardiac events (11 cardiac deaths and 2 cases of non-fatal MI) occurred in the 87 evaluable patients. The cardiac event rates in Groups A and B were 8.5% and 28.6%, respectively, and the relative risk was 3.4 (Group A vs B, p less than 0.05) by univariate analysis. The relative risk using multivariate analysis (Cox) was also statistically significant (3.1, p less than 0.05). HDL-cholesterol was significantly lower in Group B than in Group A, but other coronary risk factors apart from smoking were not significantly different between the two groups. At the end of the follow-up period, 89.8% of the patients in Group A remained nonsmokers and 21% of the patients in Group B had stopped smoking. CONCLUSION: Stopping smoking significantly reduced the risk of future cardiac events in male smokers with previous MI. This prospective follow-up study demonstrated that a significant reduction in the risk of future cardiac events could be achieved by stopping smoking in this group of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A simple ergometer for 31P NMR spectroscopy during dynamic forearm exercise in a whole body magnetic resonance imaging system.

The purpose of this study was to construct a simple ergometer for the 31P NMR spectroscopic study of dynamic forearm exercise in a whole body magnetic resonance imaging system and to evaluate the total system and the physiological response to this type of exercise using a multistage protocol. The system consisted of a completely nonmagnetic assembly including a rope, pulley and weights. The work of lifting weights was quantitated. The exercise protocol of 1-min increments in work load enabled subjects to reach maximal effort. Phosphocreatine decreased linearly with an increase in work load and was accompanied by a fall in pH and an increase in lactate level in the antecubital vein of the exercising forearm; concomitantly, there was a slight increase in whole body oxygen uptake and heart rate. Spectroscopy gave reproducible results using this exercise protocol. These results demonstrate that this system provides a reliable means for performing 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies during forearm exercise.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

[A case of pulmonary blastoma].

A 45-year-old male with pulmonary blastoma was described. The patient suffered from headache and gait disturbance, and was diagnosed metastatic brain tumor. The histopathology of the removed tumor indicated metastasis from pulmonary blastoma. The pulmonary tumor, which had been detected on the chest x-ray film but misdiagnosed tuberculous lesion, was subsequently diagnosed pulmonary blastoma by TBLB. The patient underwent left upper lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection, but died 12 months after the operation. To our knowledge, only 54 cases with pulmonary blastoma have hitherto been reported in the Japanese literature.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental evaluation of the reliance of coronary sinus blood flow (CSF) and great cardiac vein blood flow (GCVF) measured by local thermodilution method].

A closed circuit was made to evaluate the reliance of coronary sinus blood flow (CSF) and great cardiac vein blood flow (GCVF) measured by local thermodilution method using multi-thermister catheter. The circuit consists of four parts: a constant-temperature water bath, a reservoir, a rotary pump and a polyethylene tube with a cock. Using this circuit and thermodilution catheters, flow rate was measured under various conditions. Measurements were repeated in changing injection rate of indicator, thermister interval of the catheter, diameter of the polyethylene tube and temperature difference between the room and the water bath. Indicator injection rate and thermister interval were important factors in flow rate measurement. Measured data and real flow were well correlated until 300 ml/min in injection rate of 40-50 ml/min. Other factors did not significantly influence the flow measurement. These results indicate that local thermodilution method is reliable if only injection rate of indicator and thermister interval are suitably settled.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1989

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms of the head and neck.

This report analyzed the 7,763 cases treated at T.W.M.C., where radiotherapy has been mainly used, between 1968 and 1984. Of these, 258 cases (3.3%) had multiple primary malignant neoplasms, among which 88 cases involved head and neck cancer. The incidence averaged 1.6% during the first 5 years, but increased to an average of 5.7% during the last 5 years. Among head and neck cancer the incidence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms was 8.5% (88/1,033) and the incidence has been gradually increasing annually. Cancers of the head and neck were frequently combined with another primary lesion in the head and neck area or in the digestive tract, especially esophagus and stomach, followed by one in the both cases. The great majority of cancers in the head and neck occurred as the first cancer at age 60-70. The head and neck region is where the respiratory system and digestive system, including lymphatic organs originate and where the external carcinogenic factors enter into the body. These data suggested that multiple primary malignant neoplasms have been increasing in number and becoming an increasing problem. The possibility of multiple primary malignant neoplasms should not be forgotten in routine cancer related clinical work.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sustained dilatation of large coronary artery by alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide in conscious dogs: a comparison with nitroglycerin.

The effects of alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) on the coronary circulation were compared with those of nitroglycerin in 16 conscious dogs chronically instrumented with a pair of miniature sonomicrometers and an electromagnetic flow probe placed on the left circumflex coronary artery. alpha-hANP (1 and 10 micrograms) and nitroglycerin (0.1, 1 and 10 micrograms) were administered intracoronarily via a cannula implanted in the proximal left circumflex coronary artery. Both alpha-hANP and nitroglycerin dose dependently increased the coronary diameter and coronary blood flow. Although alpha-hANP (10 micrograms) and nitroglycerin (1 microgram) dilated the large coronary artery to almost the same extent (92 +/- 10 vs. 98 +/- 8 microns), the time course of the dilating action differed; the peak dilatation occurred at 5.6 +/- 0.8 and 0.9 +/- 0.07 min (P less than 0.01), and full recovery occurred at 31.5 +/- 3.8 and 5.5 +/- 1.3 min (P less than 0.01) after alpha-hANP and nitroglycerin, respectively. Topical application of alpha-hANP (50 micrograms) to the epicardial coronary artery of three anesthetized open-chest dogs did not affect the coronary diameter and coronary blood flow, while nitroglycerin (50 micrograms) increased both variables. Thus, intracoronary alpha-hANP dilates the large coronary artery more gradually and more sustainedly than nitroglycerin does.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of ionic and nonionic contrast media on coronary diameter and blood flow in chronically instrumented dogs.

The effects of intracoronary administration of ionic and nonionic contrast media on coronary circulation were studied in 14 chronically instrumented dogs. A pair of 10 MHz piezoelectric crystals and an electromagnetic flow probe were placed on the left circumflex coronary artery, under sterile conditions, to measure the epicardial coronary diameter and coronary blood flow, respectively. A polyethylene tube for drug infusion was inserted into the circumflex coronary artery proximal to the sonomicrometers. In the conscious dogs (n = 8), iopamidol, 2 ml and 5 ml increased the coronary diameter by 64 +/- 19 microns and 66 +/- 19 microns and coronary blood flow by 35 +/- 10% and 61 +/- 18%, respectively (p less than 0.01 vs control level). Meglumine diatrizoate, 2 ml and 5 ml, increased coronary diameter by 102 +/- 20 microns and 114 +/- 18 microns and coronary blood flow by 87 +/- 32% and 107 +/- 26%, respectively (p less than 0.01 vs control level). In the anesthetized dogs (n = 6), a bolus intracoronary injection of 5 ml iopamidol and meglumine diatrizoate within few seconds increased the coronary diameter by 103 +/- 23 microns and 164 +/- 39 microns (p less than 0.05) and increased the coronary blood flow by 126 +/- 33% and 180 +/- 40% (p less than 0.05), respectively. Balloon denudation of the endothelium was performed in six anesthetized dogs. The increases in coronary diameter and coronary blood flow after a bolus injection of contrast medium remained the same after the denudation. Thus application of iopamidol seems to be more suitable than meglumine diatrizoate for quantitative coronary angiography because of the milder and more transient effects on coronary circulation.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

[Primary lung cancer of the right middle lobe].

During the period from 1973 to 1986, 230 patients with lung cancer were operated on at our Surgical Clinic of Kagoshima University Hospital. There were fourteen patients (6.1%) with lung cancer in the right middle lobe. There were 13 male and 1 female patients. The histological types were adenocarcinoma (10), squamous cell carcinoma (4). Five-year survival rate of 14 patients was 34.9%. Statistically, it was similar to that of the patients with lung cancer in the other lobes. As concerns with the histological type of lung cancer in the right middle lobe, the case of squamous cell carcinoma revealed poorer prognosis than those of adenocarcinoma, because there were many cases of advanced cancer in the former case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Relation between anaerobic threshold and maximal oxygen consumption during graded treadmill exercise].

The ratio of anaerobic threshold (AT) to maximal oxygen consumption (Max VO2), which is referred to as relative AT, was evaluated in six athletic students (S), 12 normal male subjects (N) and 39 patients with chronic heart disease (C). Group C was categorized in three subgroups according to the New York Heart Association functional class (CI: 10, CII: 16 and CIII: 13 patients). The symptomatic-maximal graded treadmill exercise test was performed and respiratory parameters were measured by R1500S Autoaerobics. AT was determined as the oxygen consumption (VO2) at which a linear relationship between pulmonary ventilation and VO2 was lost during progressive exercise. All subjects performed maximal exertion until they were limited by either shortness of breath or leg fatigue. AT (ml/min/kg) was 36.4 +/- 6.0, 25.9 +/- 5.7, 21.4 +/- 4.5, 16.3 +/- 4.0 and 11.1 +/- 2.6, and MaxVO2 (ml/min/kg) was 77.3 +/- 6.5, 47.6 +/- 10.2, 29.5 +/- 6.1, 22.5 +/- 5.8 and 15.5 +/- 3.1, respectively, in group S, N, CI, CII and CIII (p less than 0.01 between each group). Relative AT(%) was 46.8 +/- 4.4, 54.9 +/- 7.2, 72.1 +/- 6.4, 73.0 +/- 8.6 and 72.6 +/- 8.7, respectively, in groups S, N, CI, CII and CIII (p less than 0.01 between S and N, between N and CI-CIII, between S and CI-III). The anaerobic threshold appeared at mid-point in the graded symptomatic maximal exercise test. However, the appearance of AT relative to the maximal oxygen consumption varied from 47 to 73% in the study groups tested. AT appeared relatively early in normal subjects compared to cardiac subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The prognostic significance of resection of primary tumor in gastric and colorectal cancer patients with synchronous liver metastasis.

The significance of primary tumor resection in gastric and colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis (H(+)) was evaluated in terms of operative mortality and survival rate by dividing the materials [293 gastric cancer and 80 colorectal cancer patients (53 colon and 27 rectum) with synchronous liver metastasis] into the following groups: Firstly, with or without peritoneal dissemination (P), secondly, with or without resection of the primary tumor and thirdly, with or without postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The following results were obtained: (1) The direct operative death rate of primary tumor resection, excluding death from other causes, showed an absence of statistically significant differences between the P0H(+) and P(+)H(+) gastric and colorectal cancer patients. (2) There was no significance in the prognosis between the primary tumor resection + postoperative chemotherapy group and the non-resectable group in the P(+)H(+) gastric and colorectal cancer patients, revealing no prognostic value of the primary tumor. (3) In the P0H(+) gastric and colorectal cancer patients, the primary tumor resection + postoperative chemotherapy group was significantly more favorable in prognosis than was the primary tumor resection alone group or the non-resectable group, showing the value of primary tumor resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Randomized prospective clinical study of small, large and twice-a-day fraction radiotherapy for painful bone metastases.

A prospective randomized clinical trial comparing small, large and twice-a-day fraction for the relief of painful bone metastases was performed from 1981 to 1986 at Tokyo Women's Medical College Hospital. Eighty patients with painful bone metastases (92 sites) were divided into three radiation methods which were conventional fraction scheme of 5 times/week at 2 Gy/day for a total of 30 Gy/15 fractions (Group I, TDF: 49), 2 times/week at 4.5 Gy/day for a total of 22.5 Gy/5 fractions (Group II, TDF: 50) and 3 times/week at 2 Gy/day twice a day at a minimum interval of 6 h for a total of 20 Gy/10 fractions (Group III). Pain was assessed using a score and response rate was 76% in Group I, 75% in Group II and 78% in Group III which were not statistically significant mutually. Group II and III regimes were found to have an earlier shorter onset of pain relief than Group I, but the dose of onset of pain relief was almost the same. Our data suggested that individualization of radiotherapy schedules based on to assess the patient's condition and the expected quality of life and to consider radiation site and size of field, was more important than the fractionation regime in the treatment of painful bone metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Functional and anatomical recovery of endothelium after denudation of coronary artery.

Endothelium-related coronary dilation after balloon denudation was compared with the extent of luminal lining of the regenerated endothelial cells. Under conditions of asepsis, a pair of 10-MHz piezoelectric crystals, an electromagnetic flow probe, and a cuff occluder were placed on the left circumflex coronary artery. Seven to 10 days after this instrumentation, the dogs were anesthetized and the endothelium was removed with the use of a balloon catheter. Immediately after balloon denudation, coronary dilations following reactive hyperemia (reactive dilation) and acetylcholine 3 micrograms/kg iv were reduced to 19 +/- 5 (P less than 0.01) and 10 +/- 4% (P less than 0.01) of control, respectively. In 2, 5, and 7-10 days after denudation, reactive dilation in the conscious dogs was 24 +/- 7 (n = 16), 71 +/- 10 (n = 11), and 75 +/- 9% (n = 5) of control, respectively. Acetylcholine-induced coronary dilation in conscious state was 52 +/- 12 (n = 9), 116 +/- 17 (n = 7), and 94 +/- 24% (n = 2) of control in 2, 5, and 7-10 days after denudation, respectively. There was a positive linear relation between the extent of reactive dilation and acetylcholine-induced dilation from 2 to 10 days after denudation (r = 0.734). The amount of reactive hyperemia, nitroglycerin-induced coronary dilation, and ergonovine-induced coronary constriction remained constant during the experimental period. The area covered by the endothelial cells at the denuded site was 8 +/- 3 (n = 5), 18 +/- 9 (n = 6), 64 +/- 9 (n = 6), and 81 +/- 11% (n = 3) of the denuded area in 0, 2, 5, and 7-10 days after denudation, respectively, which linearly related to the percent recovery of reactive dilation (r = 0.912). Thus reactive dilation or acetylcholine-induced coronary dilation depended on the presence of endothelium, irrespective of the shape or alignment of the regenerated tissues. These findings may be clinically relevant because anatomical integrity of the endothelium might be assessed in vivo by reactive dilation or acetylcholine-induced coronary dilation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical research of radiotherapy in brain metastasis].

One hundred and four patients with brain metastasis were received the conventional radiotherapy from 1980 to 1985 at 3 hospitals. Results were as follows. 1. Primary sites were lung (41 cases), breast (34) and others (29). 2. Tumor was 3.15 cm in mean size (0.6-8.2 cm) and 2.6 in number of average (1-15) 3. Radiation dose was 46.5 Gy in average (30-66 Gy) and almost of all cases were irradiated with whole brain field. 4. Over all response rate on CT findings was 65.4% (CR rate: 23.1%) and 63.4% for lung and 73.5% for breast cancer. 5. Survival rate were 25.5% in 1 year, 8.8% in 2 year, 5.4% in 3 year and 3.6% in 5 year. 6. The longer interval was between onset of brain metastasis and primary treatment, the longer survival after brain irradiation. 7. No significant differences of survival rate were seen in size and in number of brain metastasis and with on without improvement of neurological symptoms. 8. The better response was on CT, the better prognosis after radiotherapy. 9. Identification of treatment for brain metastasis according to patient's characteristics and tumor factors were important.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Finger temperature changes during exercise as related to exercise intensity].

An approach was made to assess individual exercise tolerance using finger vasoconstrictive response as a marker for exercise intensity. Finger temperature (FIT) monitoring was used as an averaged flow sensor and was validated by finger plethysmography and laser-Doppler flowmetry. Progressive multi-stage intermittent exercise protocol (3-minute exercise period alternating with 3-minute rest period) was used to permit stable FIT values before each exercise stage. Anaerobic threshold (AT) was determined by respiratory measurements. Mean room temperature was 25.4 +/- 1.6 degrees C. The general pattern of FIT during 3-minute exercise period was as follows: at the mild exercise stage FIT decreased initially, only to rise at the latter half of exercise. As the exercise stage progressed FIT decreased throughout, and at the stage of maximal effort FIT decrease linearly (LiD). FIT decrease was abolished by the nerve block. Four groups of subjects (48 in total) were studied using the above-described exercise protocol. Group I; 6 athletes, II; 16 normal subjects, III; 8 mild cardiac and IV: 15 moderate to severe cardiac patients. Mean maximal oxygen consumption (ml/kg/min) was 70, 47, 31 and 15, and mean HR (b/min) was 188, 195, 165 and 142, respectively in group I, II, III, IV. LiD was observed in greater than 80% of all cases at the work load above 90% of peak oxygen consumption, and approximately 1.6-fold of AT in group I, II and III and 1.3-fold of AT in group IV. Correlation between plasma norepinephrine and FIT decrease was observed in normal subjects. In conclusion, FIT monitoring during treadmill exercise using intermittent protocol uncovered a work load dependent progressive vasoconstrictive response. And a linear decrease of FIT indicated an approaching maximal work load for the individual subject.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Arterial perfusion study with 99mTc-MISA in monitoring intra-arterial chemotherapy of head and neck tumor].

RI-angiography with 99mTc microsphere albumin (MISA) was performed to evaluate the distribution during intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy from October 1985 to November 1987 at Tokyo Women's Medical College. Thirty studies were carried out in twenty-one patients with oropharyngeal (11), oral cavity (6), maxillary sinus (3) and laryngeal cancer (1). Six mCi of 99mTc-MISA was slowly injected through the intra-arterial catheter in 1-2 minutes. The evaluation of RI-distribution was classified into the following three categories: Excellent, all of the tumor are covered; Good, more than 50% of the tumor; Poor, less than 50% of the tumor. Good or excellent distribution was obtained in 18 of 21 cases (86%). Sequential perfusion studies were performed on 8 cases. Three cases had evidenced excellent or good distribution during the treatment. Five cases showed poor distribution in the first study. In three of these cases, distributions were improved after replacement of the catheter, RI-distribution at the internal carotid arterial area was seen in three patients, and in two of them, excellent or good distribution was obtained after replacement of the catheter. These data suggested that RI angiography with 99mTc-MISA was useful for evaluation of the drug distribution during intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy, especially for detection of abnormal distribution in the internal carotid arterial area.

Adult↗