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Biomedical subjects

H Nissen

Publications and source records attributed to H Nissen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Detection of a single base deletion in codon 424 of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene in a Danish family with familial hypercholesterolemia.

We performed a screening of exon 9 of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene in 14 Danish families with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) technique. In one of the probands from these families an abnormal band pattern in the gradient gel was detected. Subsequent DGGE analysis of the family of this index patient revealed that the DGGE pattern cosegregated with the disease in this family. Sequencing of the exon showed a deletion of a C in codon 424 of the LDLR gene resulting in a frame shift with the introduction of a stop codon 5 codons further downstream. The mutation is referred to as FH-Odense. The predicted truncated receptor protein consists of the 428 amino terminal amino acids. Consequently, the cytosolic and membrane spanning parts of the mature LDL receptor, which normally secure the receptor in the plasma membrane, are missing. The FH-Odense mutation results in severe premature coronary atherosclerosis as shown by the clinical expression in 5 generations of the affected family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Identification of Carnobacterium spp. and Leuconostoc spp. in meat by genus-specific 16S rRNA probes.

Oligonucleotide probes specific for Carnobacterium and Leuconostoc species were constructed from the variable regions of 16S rRNA obtained from the literature and sequence data bases. The probes were hybridized with crude nucleic acid extract from 32 type strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) commonly found on meat. Two of the probes hybridized only to the four Carnobacterium species whereas the other two hybridized only to five of the six Leuconostoc species tested. The probes were also hybridized with nucleic acids from unknown strains of LAB. The identification was consistent with the results of biochemical tests used to characterize the two genera.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Sphingomyelinase is part of the 'enterotoxin complex' produced by Bacillus cereus.

The three components of the 'enterotoxin complex' have been purified and the sequence of the first 14-15 amino acids of the proteins determined. Limited homology was found in the N-terminal sequence of the three proteins. The molecular mass of the proteins was determined to be 48, 40 and 34 kDa, respectively. Only the 40-kDa protein was toxic to Vero cells, whilst the 34-kDa protein was found to be hemolytic. The sequence of the first 14 N-terminal amino acids of this protein was identical to the sequence of the sphingomyelinase residues 28-41 (the N-terminal after loss of the signal sequence), except for a change from Gln to Glu in position 33 of the sphingomyelinase sequence.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Native valve infective endocarditis in the general population: a 10-year survey of the clinical picture during the 1980s.

In a population of 930,000 inhabitants all records of native valve infective endocarditis diagnosed in the decade 1980-89 were reviewed. Using strict case definitions 132 clinically well-defined or post-mortem diagnosed cases were found. Included were cases referred to the local department of cardiology, as well as cases treated in non-specialized departments. Of 132 cases found 23 were only diagnosed post mortem. The male/female ratio was 71/61. The median prehospital duration of symptoms was 20 days (range 0-180 days) and the median in-hospital diagnostic delay was 5 days (range 0-54 days). Known cardiac disease was found in 42% of cases, a possible portal of entry was found in 33%, but in 36% there were no predisposing factors. Remarkably, only two patients had known rheumatic heart disease and none had a known dental focus. During the clinical course 55% experienced cardiac failure and 17% embolic episodes. In 19 patients surgery was required. Of 111 culture-positive cases streptococci were found in 61 and staphylococci in 45 cases. Echocardiography was performed in 95 cases with echocardiographic signs of endocarditis in 65 patients. Overall mortality was 33% with a mortality in clinically diagnosed cases of 18%. Of 14 cases needing immediate surgical intervention, two died.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The cytochrome oxidase II gene in mitochondria of the sugar-beet Beta vulgaris L.

We have cloned and analyzed the sugar-beet mitochondrial gene for cytochrome oxidase subunit II (coxII). The sugar-beet and its deduced amino acid sequence were compared to its homologous coxII gene sequences from both monocot and dicot plants. It was found to be highly conserved (89-95%) compared to homologue in other plant species. The 780 bp coding sequence of the sugar beet coxII gene is interrupted at position 383 by a 1463 bp intron. This intron contains an additional 107 bp sequence that is not found in any of the plant coxII genes studied thus far. The structure of the intron suggests that a large intron existed in an ancestral coxII gene before monocots and dicots diverged in evolution. Three CGG codons in the sugar-beet coxII coding sequence align with conserved tryptophan residues in the homologous gene of other species, suggesting that RNA editing takes place also in sugar-beet mitochondria. In 13 out of 24 codons of coxII mRNA that were found to be edited in four other plants, the sugar-beet gene already utilizes the edited codons. This phenomenon may indicate that the mitochondrial genome in sugar-beet is phylogenetically more archaic relative to these plants. An additional sequence of 279 bp that is identical to the first exon of coxII was identified in the mtDNA of the sugar-beet. This 'pseudo-gene' is transcribed and its existence in the mitochondrial genome is unexplained.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Changes in polyphosphate composition and localization in Propionibacterium acnes after near-ultraviolet irradiation.

Electron microscopy showed that electron-dense granules accumulated in Propionibacterium acnes in larger amounts when the bacteria were grown on a phosphate-rich medium. X-ray microanalysis demonstrated that the granules contained mostly phosphorus and potassium, indicating that the cells contained polyphosphate granules. When cells were grown on a complex Bacto-agar medium, the amount and the size of the polyphosphate granules were reduced. Polyphosphate was also detected with 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR). Of the polyphosphates observed with 31P-NMR, 20% seemed to be located outside the cell membrane. Broad-band near-ultraviolet irradiation (emission maximum 366 nm) corresponding to doses that killed 37% of the cells increased the amount of polyphosphate in cells grown on the phosphate-rich medium. The fluorescent chromophore 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) shifted the fluorescence emission from 478 to 538 nm when bound to polyphosphate and excited at 340 nm. DAPI was used to detect polyphosphates generated after near-ultraviolet irradiation of the cells. Nonirradiated cells showed no increased fluorescence at 538 nm, indicating no polyphosphate is presented in the cells. We conclude that DAPI did not have "access" to the intracellular polyphosphate as long as the cells were not light damaged. This observation is important for the interpretation of near-UV damage to cells.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1990

A review of 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the in vitro study of cellular sodium metabolism.

Changes in intracellular sodium have been associated with a number of different diseases. Consequently, various methods have been used to quantify the level of intracellular sodium concentrations. Traditional methods like flame photometry and ion-selective electrodes are destructive or invasive, thereby potentially altering the intracellular sodium levels. There has been an increasing interest in evaluating the method of 23Na nuclear magnetic resonance in recent years, since this method allows for non-invasive continuous monitoring of intracellular sodium in cell suspensions and tissues. A phenomenological approach to basic theory, review of methodology, applications to the in vitro study of cellular sodium metabolism, and difficulties of interpretation of this analytical modality is presented.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of the NMR visibility of intraerythrocytic sodium by flame photometric and ion-competitive studies.

23Na nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of intraerythrocytic sodium concentrations were performed at 37 degrees C and the accuracy of the method was evaluated through concomitant emission flame photometric analysis. NMR visibility of intraerythrocytic sodium was estimated to be 75 +/- 3%. Verification of the presence of an NMR invisible intraerythrocytic sodium pool and assessment of the mechanisms explaining this invisibility was achieved by measurement of 23Na NMR signal intensities and T1 relaxation times of erythrocyte hemolysate during ion-competitive sodium release from association sites. Signal intensities after addition of small quantities of K+ and Mg2+ to the hemolysates were significantly larger than that expected from dilution of the sample, implying that the additions have resulted in the release of formerly invisible sodium. Furthermore, the intensities following the addition of K+ were significantly larger than those after the addition of Li+ and choline+. This signifies a specificity of the association sites at which sodium has decreased visibility. Increased T1 values following the additions confirmed the release of bound sodium.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The effect of disopyramide phosphate in extrasystole at rest and on exercise (author's transl)].

The antiarrhythmic action of disopyramide phosphate was compared to placebo in a randomized double blind trial at rest and under physical exertion in two groups each of 10 patients with extrasystoles. The exercise was carried out on the bicycle ergometer in a recumbent posture in stages of 25 watts at 2 minutes each without a break to the limit of the individual. The extrasystoles were counted at fixed registration periods. It was shown that the number of extrasystoles in the disopyramide group was significantly lower in comparison to the placebo group (P less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Congenital defects of the left-sided pericardium].

Three patients with congenital absence of the left pericardium and one patient with a partial left pericardial defect are described. Congenital absence of the left pericardium is characterized roentgenologically by levoposition of the heart, a prominent pulmonary artery segment and cardiac apex, interposition of lung between the left hemidiaphragm and the base of the heart, and unusual mobility of the heart. The electrocardiogram frequently shows right axis deviation, an incomplete right bundle branch block and leftward displacement of the transition zone in the precordial leeds. The anomaly has often been mistaken for other heart disease. As an isolated anomaly it is benign and does not require any treatment. Patients with a partial defect of the left pericardium can only be diagnosed lcinically if the left atrial appendage herniates through the defect. The herniation produces a protruding shadow along the left heart border and can be demonstrated angiographically and by fluoroscopy. In isolated cases death caused by herniation and strangulation of larger parts of the heart through a partial left pericardial defect has been described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Studies on the influence of pentosanepolysulfate and a combination of pentosanepolysulfate, metamizol and paracetamol on inflammatory liability (author's transl)].

The influence of pentosanepolysulfate (SP 54) and a combination of pentosanepolysulfate, metamizol and paracetamol (Probaphen) on the course of an experimentally induced erythema caused by intracutaneous injection of a lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas has been studied in man. The intramuscular injection of Probaphen as well as SP 54, separately given, showed a significant antiinflammatory effect. A similar effect was also achieved after administration of Probaphen suppositories. Probaphen shortened the inflammatory reaction more effectively than did SP 54 alone. The oral application of Probaphen, however, did not influence the course of inflammation.

Acetaminophen↗