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Biomedical subjects

H Nose

Publications and source records attributed to H Nose.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Circulatory failure during severe hyperthermia in dog.

The effect of acute hyperthermia on circulatory function was studied in 6 mongrel dogs. At a core temperature of about 40 degrees C, central venous pressure and stroke volume were maintained at almost normal level. Cardiac output significantly increased (26 ml/(kg . min)) while systemic vascular resistance significantly decreased (1.2 mmHg . sec/ml). In addition, significant decrease in vascular compliance by 40% was observed. When body temperature was raised further (severe hyperthermia), an abrupt fall of arterial pressure was observed at the rectal temperature of about 41-42 degrees C. Concomitant decreases in central venous pressure (3 mmHg), stroke volume (2.1 ml/beat) and cardiac output (29 ml/(kg . min)) were observed while heart rate increased (48 beats/min). These results suggest that the decrease in cardiac output during severe hyperthermia is due to the fall of central venous pressure, and the fall was attributed to the increase in unstressed vascular volume of systemic circulation due to the heat-induced cutaneous vasodilation. The observed decrease in systemic vascular compliance is considered to have a significant role in the maintenance of central venous pressure under hyperthermia.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Transvascular fluid shift and redistribution of blood in hypothermia.

The effect of hypothermia on circulating blood volume was studied using 9 dogs subjected to body surface and blood cooling. To analyze the movement of water between the vascular and interstitial fluid spaces, Ringer solution was infused during normothermia and hypothermia (30 degrees C core temperature). During body cooling and infusion experiments, blood volume, hematocrit, and colloid osmotic pressure were monitored continuously. When body temperature was lowered to about 30 degrees C within 2 hr, plasma volume decreased from 39.0 +/- 0.1 to 36.2 +/- 5.3 ml/kg and colloid osmotic pressure increased from 16.4 +/- 0.2 to 17.0 +/- 3.1 mmHg. The changes in blood volume, colloid osmotic pressure, and central venous pressure during the infusion of Ringer solution and recovery periods, were used for a simulation analysis based on a two-compartment model. The instantaneous and delayed compliances were determined on the vascular space and on the interstitial fluid space together with the transvascular filtration coefficient of water. Hypothermia to 30 degrees C increased vascular compliance, but decreased interstitial fluid space. The transvascular filtration coefficient of water decreased in hypothermia. These results suggest that the redistribution of blood due to hypothermia causes a reduction of capillary area available for fluid exchange. The transvascular filtration coefficient determined on the whole body decreases due to reduction of the compliances of the "effective" interstitial fluid space.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

On-line control of circulating blood volume.

We developed an experimental method which enabled continuous determination of the circulatory blood volume, when the blood volume was subjected to alterations. The blood volume was modified by a servo system to control transfer of the blood between an external reservoir and the cardiovascular system. Possible application of our method to the analysis of circulatory responses to blood volume changes is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Transvascular fluid shift after blood volume modification in relation to compliances of the total vascular bed and interstitial fluid space.

The transvascular fluid shift after blood volume modification was analyzed by means of continuous blood volume determination and stimulation analysis. On splenectomized dogs, 15% of the circulating blood was withdrawn and retransfused, while the circulating blood volume, hematocrit and colloid osmotic pressure were continuously monitored. Based on the results, the transvascular fluid shift was stimulated by a two-compartment model. The compliance of the intravascular and interstitial fluid spaces as well as the transvascular filtration coefficient was determined on the whole body, simultaneously. No statistically significant differences were found between any of the values for blood withdrawal and retransfusion. The compliance of the vascular space, 4.62 +/- 0.82 ml/mmHg . kg of body weight, was almost identical with that of the interstitial fluid space, 4.75 +/- 1.52 ml/mmHg . kg of body weight. The whole body capillary filtration coefficient was 0.74 +/- 0.39 ml/min . mmHg . kg of body weight, which is within the range of the reported values of the capillary filtration coefficient for muscle and intestine. It is suggested that the rapid transvascular fluid shift after blood volume modification is provided with the fact that the compliances of intravascular and interstitial fluid spaces are almost identical.

Animals↗