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Biomedical subjects

H O Nielsen

Publications and source records attributed to H O Nielsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The value of intravenous cholangiography prior to elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

Thirty-eight patients admitted for elective cholecystectomy were preoperatively evaluated by means of liver function tests, ultrasonographic examination and intravenous cholangiography (IVC). Common bile duct stones (CBS) were found in four patients (11%, 95% confidence limits 3-25%). Due to a history of jaundice and/or elevated liver function tests, CBS were suspected in three of these patients, and unexpected in one. Totally, CBS were suspected in eight patients, either because of their history and/or elevated liver function tests. No side effects were observed during or after the IVC procedure. It can be concluded that IVC is a lenient procedure for radiological assessment of the common bile duct prior to elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It can be recommended as an alternative to diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in patients in whom CBS are suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of goiter at a central hospital. A consecutive study with special emphasis on surgical complications].

The aim of this study was to analyse the frequency of permanent and transient complications following thyroid gland surgery. During a period of four years, from 1991 to 1995, 129 patients were treated operatively for thyroid disease. Sixteen patients were operated for thyrotoxicosis and 113 for nontoxic goitre. Nine patients underwent reoperation for recurrent goitre. Thyroid malignancy was found in two patients. The frequency of permanent complications was 0.7%. Transient unilateral pareses developed postoperatively in two patients. There were no permanent vocal cord paralyses. One patient developed permanent hypoparathyroidism. Five patients had transient postoperative hypocalcaemia requiring calcium supplements. Other complications were haemorrhage (3.8%), wound infection (0.7%) and other postoperative complications (1.5%). It is shown that uncomplicated thyroid surgery may be performed at a district hospital that has a special interest in patient evaluation, indications for surgery and up to date surgical technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Duodenal cancer--illustrated by 5 cases, with special consideration to symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment].

Over a period of 30 months we have seen five patients with duodenal cancer (four adenocarcinomas and one carcinoid-tumour). All patients are presented with a brief history of vague and non-specific symptoms. Diagnosis was established by endoscopy and biopsies. In one case, a Whipple's procedure was performed, and the patient is without evidence of tumour recurrence eight months later. Three patients could only be offered palliative surgery, of these, one is still alive two years after the operation, one (the patient with a carcinoid tumour) died three months postoperatively, and the third has only just recently been operated. The fifth patient died ten days after the diagnosis was confirmed, without any specific treatment. The different diagnostic methods available as well as the treatment and prognosis of duodenal cancer are discussed. We conclude that: 1) despite improved diagnostic procedures, the diagnosis of duodenal cancer is still difficult and delayed due to vague and non-specific symptoms, 2) the diagnostic procedure is endoscopy and biopsy. 3) the treatment is surgery and 4) the prognosis is poor in the majority of patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

The fate of impacted lower third molars after the age of 20. A four-year clinical follow-up.

Seventy dental students (mean age: 20 years) with 130 asymptomatic, non-ectopic, impacted mandibular 3rd molars were followed for 4 years. At the initial visit 26 were impacted in soft tissue, 30 were partially impacted in bone, and 74 were completely impacted in bone. The following items were registered at each visit: regional pocket depths, signs and symptoms of pathology, degree of impaction, presence of upper 3rd molar. No signs or symptoms of pathology were observed in any of the subjects at the 2 visits. The 4-year visit revealed that 49 3rd molars had been removed, the reason being pericoronitis or caries in 30%, mild symptoms in 39% and for prophylactic reasons in 31%. Of the remaining 81 3rd molars: 71% of the soft tissue impactions, 25% of partial bony impactions, and 8% of complete bony impactions showed complete and normal eruption. The remaining 3rd molars were either static or had advanced in the degree of eruption. It is concluded that non-ectopic, impacted 3rd molars in the given age group may have a chance to completely erupt. The treatment for asymptomatic impacted 3rd molars in young adults, therefore, might be observation instead of prophylactic removal.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Transurethral prostatotomy versus transurethral prostatectomy in benign prostatic hypertrophy. A prospective randomised study.

Transurethral prostatotomy (TUT) in 24 patients was compared with transurethral prostatectomy (TUR) in 25 patients in a prospective randomised trial. All patients were aged 60 years or more and presented with symptomatic benign hypertrophy. One half of the patients had acute retention. Shorter operative time and less post-operative bleeding were found in the TUT group, which included 3 failures. No difference was found in post-operative duration of catheterisation or duration of hospitalisation. No significant differences were seen after 1 year's follow-up in the number of patients with positive urinary culture or urinary flow rate. One patient in the TUT group had a recurrence of symptoms, thus giving a total of 4 failures and a success rate of 82%. One patient became incontinent after TUR and 4 developed a stricture. The success rate after TUR was 78%. It was concluded that TUT and TUR produce similar functional results in cases where the gland is not too large.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Incomplete distal denervation and recurrent ulcer after parietal cell vagotomy.

Twenty-five patients with chronic duodenal ulcer and subjected to parietal cell vagotomy were evaluated as either underdenervated or optimally denervated, depending on whether parietal cells were present distal to the last branch of Latarjet's nerve. A 5-year follow-up study demonstrated recurrent ulcer in three of five judged as underdenervated. In addition to the possible technical error of distal and proximal dissection, the importance of the inborn error of incomplete distal denervation is confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Long-term observation following perforation and rupture of the esophagus.

A follow-up study of 35 patients was performed 1.5 to 22 years after simple closure and drainage of the esophagus for nonmalignant intrathoracic perforation or rupture, with special attention to dysphagia. Of the seven patients with spontaneous rupture, only one required supplementary postoperative treatment, for severe reflux esophagitis. None of the eight patients with iatrogenic lesion and no prior esophageal disorder had any dysphagia postoperatively. Postoperative swallowing problems were absent in 13 of the 20 patients with perforation caused by examination or treatment of an already diseased esophagus. Four required repeated esophageal dilation and three underwent further surgery. Simple closure and drainage of nonmalignant intrathoracic perforation or rupture of the esophagus is concluded to be a safe procedure in regard to late postoperative dysphagia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The antral gastrin-producing cells in duodenal ulcer patients. A light microscopic and ultrastructural study during long-term, low dose treatment with cimetidine.

The antral mucosa has been examined in four duodenal ulcer patients before and during long-term, low dose treatment with cimetidine (given a total dose of between 472 g and 894 g). No convincing changes were found in the number or the volume of G cells. Signs of inactivity were demonstrated ultrastructurally, with small granules of intermediate type, a reduced amount of granular endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi complex, mostly showing no signs of granulogenesis. The occurrence of bundles of cytoplasmic microfilaments, not observed before treatment and the reduced number of D cells may also be signs of inactivity. Hyperplasia and/or neoplasia were not seen in other antral endocrine cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The antral gastrin-producing cells in duodenal ulcer patients. A study of preoperative G-cell densities, fasting serum-gastrin, pre- and postoperative gastric acid secretion and outcome after parietal cell vagotomy.

Antral gastrin-producing cell densities, as well as serum gastrin and gastric acid secretion were obtained prior to parietal cell vagotomy from 60 patients suffering from chronic duodenal ulcer disease. Acid secretion was also measured postoperatively. The patients were followed for five years. The ulcer recurrence rate was 20%. No differences were found in the G-cell densities, fasting serum-gastrin or gastric acid secretion preoperatively between the two groups: recurrence and non-recurrence. The acid secretion was higher postoperatively in patients with recurrent ulcer as compared to those without recurrence of the ulcer, suggesting that incomplete vagotomy is a reasonable explanation of the recurrence, even though post-operative G-cell abnormality cannot definitely be ruled out.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Morphometric investigation of the human thyroid gland. With special reference to the methods and to nontoxic goiter.

A study was carried out to (1) evaluate methods for the quantitative morphologic description of the human thyroid gland and (2) investigate the relationship between the morphology and the functional state of the gland in patients with nontoxic goiter. Analysis of sampling variance showed a high contribution of biologic variation between individuals, a low contribution from the variance within individuals and a negligible contribution from the stereologic procedure itself to the overall variation. The optimal numbers of sections per gland and fields of vision were found to be 2 and 17, respectively. The only constant relationship between the morphology and the functional state, either before or after resection, was a positive correlation between the epithelial cell volume left behind and the se-"free" thyroxine index 12 months postoperatively. It is concluded that quantitative morphologic description of the human thyroid gland is possible without being too time-consuming but that the value of such investigations is clinically doubtful in cases of nontoxic goiter.

Epithelium↗
PubMed1985

The antral gastrin-producing cells in duodenal ulcer patients. An ultrastructural study before and during treatment with cimetidine.

Ultrastructural examination of the antral G cells has been carried out on 11 patients with chronic duodenal ulcer, before and after treatment with a histamine H-2 - receptor antagonist (cimetidine 1 g/day) for 8 weeks. The study demonstrated an increased area of the Golgi complex, rough endoplasmic reticulum and electron-dense granules, indicating increased G cell activity during treatment. An increased number of lysosomes was a constant feature during treatment. As an hypothesis we suggest that these lysosomes may participate in the secretory mechanism of human G cells, by destroying superfluous (Gastrin) components produced during hyperactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Ranitidine and high-dose antacid in reflux oesophagitis. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

The liquid antacid Novaluzid (10 ml seven times daily) was compared with ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) and with placebo in 57 patients with symptoms and endoscopic signs of oesophagitis and gastro-oesophageal reflux. A randomized three-period change-over design with the double-dummy technique was used. Each treatment period lasted 6 weeks. Only 37 patients (64.9%) completed the entire trial. In retrospect, five patients receiving placebo were withdrawn because of insufficient effect, six patients because of side effects while taking Novaluzid and two while taking ranitidine. The remaining seven dropouts/withdrawals were for reasons without evident relationship to the treatment given. Statistical analyses based both on the 37 completers and on the 43 patients who had at least two treatment periods showed that ranitidine and Novaluzid were superior to placebo with regard to pain score (p less than 0.005) but not with regard to regurgitation, dysphagia, histology, and appearance on endoscopy (p greater than 0.05). It was impossible to distinguish statistically between ranitidine and Novaluzid. In conclusion, ranitidine and high-dose antacids are of equal effectiveness in the short-term treatment of reflux oesophagitis, and both are superior to placebo with regard to symptomatic relief.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Visual internal urethrotomy. A prospective controlled trial comparing the results after 3 versus 28 days of postoperative catheterisation.

In a randomized trial, treatment of urethral stricture by direct visual internal urethrotomy with 3 days of postoperative catheterisation was found to be sufficient, given minimal complications, and had a cure rate of 85% after 6 months and 80% after 1 year follow-up. The postoperative follow-up should not include urethrography, but patient's statement and maximal urinary flow rate might be adequate.

Adult↗