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Biomedical subjects

H Oishi

Publications and source records attributed to H Oishi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 3.

A boy with growth and mental retardation, flat occiput, high and broad forehead, blepharoptosis, narrow palpebral fissures, low set, malformed ears, short neck, anal atresia, deep sacral dimple is reported. High-resolution banding analysis showed terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 3 (46,XY,del(3)(p25.3)). Deletions of the short arm of chromosome 3 are relatively rare. The clinical features of the patient are compared with those of 19 previously reported cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of loco-regional cancer chemotherapy with assistance of home parenteral nutrition].

Out of 79 cases dealt with reservoir, a response was obtained in 31% of 51 assessable cases. When assessed by cumulative survival with Kaplan-Meier method, the 50% survival was 8 months for total cases and prolonged to 21 months for responsive cases. However, eventually re-hospitalization was required for almost all cases. Although oral nutrition was impossible because of poor general condition, there were many patients who refused re-hospitalization and wished to continue treatment at home. In the present study, in 5 such cases the usefulness of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) combined with chemotherapy was determined. All the five patients in this study had gastric cancer with metastases and recurrent lesions in the liver or lymph node, or localized or with peritoneal spread. The site of the reservoir was within the artery in 4 cases and in the abdominal cavity in 1 case. The chemotherapy was multidrug-combination therapy consisting of 5-FU, MMC, CDDP and EPIR. In 4 cases local hyperthermia was added. In 3 out of the 5 cases (3 out of 7 lesions), a partial response (PR) was obtained. The mean dwelling period of the reservoir was 349.2 days for all cases, but longer than 400 days for 3 cases in which PR was obtained. For HPN, a catheter was inserted through the internal cervical vein, and 750-1,500 kcal/day was administered intermittently during night or constantly for 24 hours. In cases in which PR was obtained with chemotherapy and in those in which the reservoir for HPN was been in place before the terminal stage, the reservoir could be used for administration for a prolonged period. The mean dwelling period of the reservoir was 179.8 days and the duration of home stay was 121.2 days. All of the patients were classified as PS2 or higher and pronounced improvement in PS was obtained after HPN in only 1 case. Four out of the 5 patients were satisfied with receiving treatment at home. However, since HPN is associated with many problems such as sudden worsening in general condition, cancer pain and great burden to families, the solution to these problems remains.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Prevalence of virulent Rhodococcus equi in isolates from soil and feces of horses from horse-breeding farms with and without endemic infections.

The prevalence of virulent Rhodococcus equi in isolates from soil and feces of foals on a farm with endemic R. equi infections was significantly higher than that of a farm with no history of the disease. Foals bred on a farm with the endemic disease might be constantly exposed to virulent R. equi in their environment.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1990

A new method for the quantification of beta-glucan in plasma and its application in the diagnosis of postoperative infection.

In order to correctly diagnose and treat severe postoperative infections, it may be critical to detect and differentiate between endotoxin derived from Gram-negative bacteria and/or beta-glucan derived from fungi. In addition to the chromogenic assay, the turbidimetric kinetic assay has been performed for the quantification of endotoxin in plasma using Limulus amebocyte lysate as previously reported. However, it is also known that beta-glucan triggers the coagulation of Limulus amebocyte lysate. In the present study, the differentiation of beta-glucan from endotoxin and its clinical application were studied. Endotoxin was able to be inactivated in plasma using one-tenth dilution by 10 per cent ethanol or distilled water, followed by heating at 100 degrees C for 120 min, without affecting the activity of coexisting beta-glucan. The treated sample was then subjected to the turbidimetric kinetic assay using Toxinometer ET-201. Using this method, as little as 30 pg/ml of beta-glucan in the plasma may be assayed separately, with the amount of circulating beta-glucan in the plasma of normal subjects being less than 50 pg/ml. On the other hand, in patients with a fungal infection, the amount of beta-glucan in their plasma was elevated significantly. Clinically, beta-glucanemia may often occur in severe postoperative infection even if fungi are not detected.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1990

Molecular heterogeneity of beta-thalassaemia in the Japanese: identification of two novel mutations.

Five unrelated Japanese beta-thalassaemia genes, from one homozygote and four heterozygotes, have been systematically characterized using DNA polymorphism analysis, polymerase chain reaction, dot-blot hybridization and direct sequencing of amplified genomic DNA. Four different molecular defects were observed on three different beta-globin gene frameworks. One of these, the A----G mutation in the TATA box, a previously described mutation, was detected by dot-blot hybridization in one homozygote and one heterozygote with the beta-globin gene of framework 2. The second mutation is a C----T substitution at position 654 of IVS-2, the mutation commonly found in Chinese, which was associated with the framework 1 gene. Another two mutations, both associated with framework 3 genes, are novel ones; an amber mutation in codon 90 (GAG to TAG) and a frameshift (+G) insertion in codon 54, both of which cause a beta 0-thalassaemia phenotype by premature termination of the beta-globin chain synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Discrimination between endotoxin and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan using turbidimetric kinetic assay with Limulus amebocyte lysate.

A procedure for the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test discriminating between endotoxin and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan based on the turbidimetric kinetic method was proposed. Endotoxin and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan, which are elicitors of the activation of LAL, showed different reaction courses with this lysate. To analyze the difference in the reactions, two parameters, the maximum differential coefficient of the reaction (Dmax) and the reaction time required to obtain Dmax (Tp) were defined. The logarithmic plottings of Tp versus Dmax (Tp-Dmax plot) discriminated between endotoxin and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan. Endotoxin was measured with a standard curve plotting logarithmic endotoxin concentration versus Dmax (ET-Dmax plot). The endotoxin calculated from Dmax was less influenced by (1----3)-beta-D-glucan than that calculated from the usual gelation time. A small amount of endotoxin in a sample could be concealed by the addition of polymyxin B, which inhibited the activation of LAL by endotoxin. (1----3)-beta-D-glucan was measured without being affected by the presence of a small amount of endotoxin using LAL with polymyxin B. The following procedure is proposed as a LAL test to discriminate between endotoxin and (1----3)-beta-D-glucan. (1) Identify the main substance (endotoxin or (1----3)-beta-D-glucan) triggering the activation of LAL using the Tp-Dmax plot. (2) Use the appropriate method to measure the main substance: the ET-Dmax plot for endotoxin or the LAL with polymyxin B for (1----3)-beta-D-glucan.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1990

Probable assignment of the dihydropteridine reductase gene to 4p15.31.

We report the dihydropteridine reductase (DHPR) activity in cases with interstitial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4. Case 1 with the segment 4p15.32-4p16 deleted has normal DHPR activity. Case 2 with 4p15.2-4p15.32 deleted has reduced DHPR activity, less than 50% of normal.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1990

[Super conductive MR imaging of small acoustic tumor].

Eight patients with acoustic tumor were studied with a superconductive MR imaging. T1-weighted images with Gd-DTPA most accurately showed the margin of the seventh and eighth nerves in the internal auditory canal and were most sensitive in detecting small tumors. T2-weighted images were inferior to T1-weighted images, that could fail to detect small tumors. High resolution, thin slice, MR imaging using surface coil is particularly useful for small acoustic tumor because of its higher specificity compared with air-CT, cisternography.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Experience in the use of Kyosera Injection Port as a kind of implantable reservoir (the second report)].

A total of 30 pieces of Kyosera Injection Port, as a kind of implantable reservoir, was used in 29 cases of liver tumor for an intermittent repeated chemotherapy. Of these 27 cases were actually used between Aug. 1st, 1986 and Aug. 31st, 1989. In this paper we studied the safety of the reservoir. The observation period averaged 259.4 days, with the highest of 760 days and the lowest of 29 days. The injection times averaged 12.7 times, with the maximum of 40 times and the minimum of one. The reservoir was placed under the laparotomy, and the cases which underwent cholecystectomy were 93.1%. 16 cases were treated with intraarterial infusion, and 14 with intraportal infusion. We investigated the complication of Kyosera Injection Port in 27 cases. As a result, there were no complication such as catheter occlusion and infection via catheter. But of 27 cases, 8 cases were recognized a complication, and the rate was 29.6%. Lumbago was noted during infusion chemotherapy in three cases, and on the other hand, there were steatolysis and necrosis of the tissue surrounding the implantation site, a movement of port, a catheter out of vessel, a leakage of the drug, and intraabdominal bleeding after taking off the catheter. But of 8 complication cases, only two cases were not able to inject drug. As a result, the rate of complication was 70.4% in over all. On the other hand, of 27 cases, there were 5 cases which recognized the complication caused by reservoir in itself. The safety rate was 81.5%. In such a circumstance this reservoir was very safe and seemed suitable to the implantable reservoir.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on bone metabolism in tissue culture. Enhancement of the steroid effect by zinc.

The present investigation was undertaken to clarify the interaction of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] and zinc on bone metabolism in tissue culture. Calvaria were removed from weanling rats (3-week-old males) and cultured for periods up to 96 hr in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (high glucose, 4500 mg/dl) supplemented with antibiotics and bovine serum albumin. The experimental cultures contained 10(-10) to 10(-6) M 1,25(OH)2D3. All cultures were incubated at 37 degree in 5% CO2/95% air. Bone calcium content was increased significantly by the presence of 10(-9) to 10(-7) M 1,25(OH)2D3. The steroid (10(-9) to 10(-7) M) also significantly increased alkaline phosphatase activity in the bone, whereas it did not alter significantly acid phosphatase activity. [3H]Leucine incorporation by the bone was raised significantly by 10(-8) to 10(-7) M 1,25(OH)2D3. Furthermore, bone DNA content was increased significantly by 10(-9) to 10(-7) M 1,25(OH)2D3. Meanwhile, the presence of 10(-4) M zinc, which can stimulate bone formation, significantly enhanced the effect of 10(-7) M 1,25(OH)2D3 to increase alkaline phosphatase activity and DNA content in rat calvaria. The present study demonstrates that 1,25(OH)2D3 has a direct stimulatory effect on bone metabolism in tissue culture and that zinc can enhance the steroid effect.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Structure of thiolactomycin.

[4R,(2E,5E)]-3-Hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethyl-2,5,7-octatriene-4-thiol ide, C11H14O2S, Mr = 210.30, hexagonal, P6(5), a = b = 9.8514 (6), c = 19.954 (1) A, V = 1677.1 A3, Z = 6, Dx = 1.249 g cm-3, lambda(Cu K alpha) = 1.5418 A, u = 23.07 cm-1, F(000) = 672, T = 298 K, R = 0.028 for 1021 unique reflections [Fo2 greater than 2 sigma(Fo2)]. The absolute configuration was determined by the Bijvoet method. The thiolactone ring is planar with S-C bond distances of 1.774 (3) and 1.856 (3) A, and C-S-C angle of 93.3 (1) degrees. The angle between least-squares planes for the thiolactone and butadienyl groups is 101.7 degrees.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Effect of vanadium on bone metabolism in weanling rats: zinc prevents the toxic effect of vanadium.

The effect of vanadium on bone metabolism was investigated in the femoral diaphysis of weanling rats. Vanadium pentoxide (1.0-20.0 mumol V/100 g b.wt.) was administered orally for 3 days. The doses of 15.0 and 20.0 mumol V/100 g caused a significant increase in serum calcium concentration. Bone alkaline phosphatase activity was increased significantly by the doses of 1.0-20.0 mumol V/100 g, while bone acid phosphatase activity was not altered significantly. Bone DNA content was increased significantly by the dose of 1.0-10.0 mumol V/100 g. Bone calcium content was not altered significantly by administration of vanadium. The increase in serum calcium concentration caused by administration of vanadium (20.0 mumol/100 g) was prevented completely by simultaneous injection of zinc sulfate (15.3 mumol Zn/100 g) for 3 days, although zinc alone did not have any effect. Administration of zinc (15.3 mumol/100 g) produced an appreciable increase in bone alkaline phosphatase activity, DNA content, and calcium content. These increases were not enhanced significantly by simultaneous injection of vanadium (2.0 and 20.0 mumol V/100 g). The present study indicates that a comparatively low dose of vanadium may play a nutritional role in bone formation of weanling rats, and that zinc can prevent the relevation of the toxic effect of vanadium with higher doses.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Muscular dystrophy-like disease in a thoroughbred foal.

A 1-month-old male thoroughbred foal, which had difficulty in walking, was killed and examined by histological, histochemical and ultrastructural methods. The muscles of the trunk and upper hind limbs were chiefly affected, and changes in the affected muscles resembled those in muscular dystrophy in man. The type of muscular dystrophy present in this foal and the significance of this disease in thoroughbred horses are discussed. The dystrophy in this foal resembled the limb-girdle type or myotonic dystrophy of muscular dystrophy in man.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1989

[A case of multiple small pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas with chronic hepatitis and abdominal vessel abnormalities].

A 63-year-old female was admitted with dyspnea on exertion. She had previously suffered from a large amount of epistaxis. Chest X-ray showed the bilateral diffuse granular infiltrates. Arterial blood analysis revealed severe hypoxemia and pulmonary function test showed reduced function of diffusing capacity. Dynamic radionuclide perfusion scintigraphy performed with 99mTc-labeled MAA demonstrated passage of microspheres through the pulmonary vasculature into the systemic circulation, indicating a right-to-left shunt. Although selective pulmonary wedge angiography did not directly demonstrate pulmonary arteriovenous fistulae, the histopathological findings of TBLB specimens revealed multiple dilated alveolar vessels that microspheres could pass through. In addition, chronic hepatitis, dilatation of splenic vein and spleno-renal anastomosis had been present. This type of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is said to be a rare dispersed telangiectasic type, associated with a part of Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome and a cause of hypoxemia in liver cirrhosis. We consider that in this case, the chronic hepatitis may have played an important role of developing multiple small pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1988

Zinc stimulation of bone protein synthesis in tissue culture. Activation of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

The present investigation was undertaken to clarify the effect of zinc on bone protein synthesis in tissue culture. Calvaria were removed from 3-week-old male rats and cultured for periods up to 96 hr in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (high glucose, 4500 mg/dl) supplemented with antibiotics and bovine serum albumin. The calvaria were incubated at 37 degrees in 5% CO2/95% air in the medium containing 10(-6)-10(-4) M zinc. Zinc content in bone cells was increased when the culture was treated with 10(-5) and 10(-4) M zinc for 48 hr. When calvaria cultured in the presence of 10(-4) M zinc were pulsed with [14C]uridine, the incorporation of [14C]uridine into the bone RNA was not increased significantly. In the pulse with [3H]leucine, the presence of 10(-5) to 10(-4) M zinc in the medium caused a significant increase in the incorporation of [3H]leucine into the acid-insoluble residues of bone tissue. This increase was blocked completely by treatment with 10(-7) M cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. When [3H]leucine was added into the reaction mixture containing the 5500 g supernatant fraction of the homogenate prepared from calvaria cultured in the presence of 10(-4) M zinc, the in vitro protein synthesis was increased about 2-fold. The activity of [3H]leucyl-tRNA synthetase in the 105,000 g supernatant fraction (cytosol) of the bone homogenate was increased about 2-fold by the culture with 10(-4) M zinc. The presence of 10(-4) M dipicolinate, a specific chelator of zinc, in the culture medium negated the effect of zinc on [3H]leucyl-tRNA synthetase activity. The addition of 10(-7) to 10(-6) M zinc into the reaction mixture containing enzyme extracts obtained from uncultured rat calvaria caused a 2-fold increase of [3H]leucyl-tRNA synthetase activity. These results clearly indicate that zinc induces the stimulation of protein synthesis at the translational level in bone cells. The present study further supports the view that zinc increases protein synthesis in bone cells and that the metal induces bone formation.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗