Possible psychophysiologic mechanisms in premature labor.
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Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
Biomedical subjects
H Omer
Publications and source records attributed to H Omer.
Integrating paradoxical interventions in the normal course of therapy: a nonspecific approach.
Paradoxical interventions are presently not frequently integrated into psychotherapy, because bridging over to straightforward interventions is often problematic. We, therefore, need a formulation of paradoxical interventions in terms easily adaptable to various specific therapies and to the problem at hand. A view of paradoxical interventions as consisting of the paradoxical prescription and modifications in the symptom-context relationship produces such a formulation. The prescription can be adapted to the style of therapy being conducted and the modifications planned according to different theories of psychotherapy and psychopathology.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Fulfillment of therapeutic tasks as a precondition for acceptance in therapy.
Giving a patient therapeutic tasks to fulfill as a precondition for his acceptance in therapy facilitates the therapeutic process. Patients' commitment to therapy is increased, initial functioning level is raised and morale is boosted. The setting of precondition-tasks may work because of the influence of therapists' positive expectations for patients' behavior. As the patient fulfills the task his own self-efficacy expectations are enhanced. Practical aspects in the implementation of this technique are considered, and cases are described.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Comparison of verbal and nonverbal memory in elderly normal subjects and dementia patients.
A multimodal memory test was devised to investigate the differences between verbal and nonverbal memory in demented and normal older people (65 to 98 years of age). Recognition memory for faces, geometric designs, tactual fabrics, words, and sentences significantly differentiated between the two groups. Verbal memory was better than nonverbal memory in both groups. No differences in subtest profiles were found between groups. Findings suggest that the verbal-nonverbal dimension is of importance to rehabilitation programs. The relatively slow deterioration of verbal memory with age leads to the suggestion that verbal memory might be capitalized on for the creation of compensatory mechanisms. The similarity in subtest profiles is in agreement with the accelerated aging hypothesis of dementia.
Adult↗
Screening for cognitive deficits in a sample of hospitalized geriatric patients: a re-evaluation of a brief mental status questionnaire.
A 30-item screening examination for cognitive deficits was administered to 65 hospitalized elderly patients and to 60 elderly controls. A high proportion (73 per cent) of the hospitalized patients were found to have low cognitive scores indicative of probable organic mental syndrome (OMS). Especially high deficits were found among the patients with orthopedic and cerebrovascular conditions. The test correctly identified the 15 cases of established OMS. The percentage of false positive results in the normal controls was reasonably low. The importance of routine cognitive measurements in medical wards is stressed.
Aged↗
Hypnotic relaxation in the treatment of premature labor.
Hypnotic relaxation was used as an adjunct to pharmacologic treatment with 39 women hospitalized for premature contractions in pregnancy. The control group received medication alone and consisted of 70 women. Treatment was started at the time of hospitalization and lasted for 3 hr on the average. Patients were also given cassettes with a hypnotic-relaxation exercise for daily practice. The rate of pregnancy prolongation was significantly higher for the hypnotic-relaxation than for the medication-alone group. Infant weight also showed the advantage of the hypnotic-relaxation treatment. Background variables of the two groups were compared and it was shown that they could not have explained the treatment effect obtained.
Adult↗
Life stresses and premature labor: real connection or artifactual findings?
Three studies on the relationship between life stresses and premature labor were conducted. The first was a retrospective comparison of life events between a group of women who had had premature labor and a group of controls. It was carried out between 3 and 6 months after the premature delivery to neutralize possible effects of time closeness to the traumatic event and of mothers' anxiety for the babies' condition. Results showed no difference between groups. In a second, prospective study, women who afterwards developed premature contractions were found to have a slightly higher frequency of life events. A third study investigated effects of the stress of the Yom Kippur War upon incidence of premature deliveries. It was found that during the war and immediately after it, the frequency of premature deliveries was lower than a year later. Results showed that most research conducted in this field has led to doubtful conclusions. The need for prospective studies and for investigations of the effects of real-life stresses is underlined.
Adult↗
Failure of hypnotic relaxation in the treatment of postterm pregnancies.
An attempt to utilize hypnotic relaxation in the induction of labor with women with postterm pregnancies had no results. These negative findings contrast with previously shown success of hypnotic relaxation in inhibiting preterm labor.
Adult↗
Psychological characteristics of women with postterm pregnancies.
Sixty-one women with postterm pregnancies were compared with 72 term controls on scales of life-events, psychopathology, and attitudes towards pregnancy. Contrary to expectations, the postterm women scored lower in psychopathology than the controls. The slope of these scores declined from women with preterm, to those with term and postterm labor, paralleling the known slope for uterine reactivity to oxytocin. Results are interpreted as suggesting a low degree of autonomic and psychologic reactivity in the postterm women.
Attitude↗