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Biomedical subjects

H Orita

Publications and source records attributed to H Orita.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Differential secretion of plasminogen activator activity by postsurgical activated macrophages.

Macrophage functions during postsurgical tissue repair include secretion of neutral proteases like plasminogen activator. Accordingly, we studied the differential secretion of plasminogen activator by postsurgical macrophages. Rabbits underwent resection and reanastomosis of their small bowel (three rabbits/time group). Postoperatively (up to 28 days), they underwent a second laparotomy for collection of ascites cells by lavage. Cells were incubated with culture medium containing 10% acid-treated fetal calf serum. After 2 days, the medium was removed (1-2 days media, M1) and replaced for 2 more days (3-4 days media, M2). Plasminogen activator activity of the medium (M1 and M2) was determined using a modified indirect solid-phase radioassay. The specific plasminogen activator activity (plasminogen-dependent-plasminogen-independent activator activity) in M1 was 43 mPU/10(6) cells in nonsurgical control rabbits. Exudative cells on Day 1 had less activity than control, and by Day 5, the activity significantly increased to 290% of control levels, reaching peak value on Day 14 (360%). The specific plasminogen activator activity in M2 was 310 mPU/10(6) cells in nonsurgical control media. Exudative cells on Day 1 had less activity than control, while, on Days 3-7, they were the same as control. By day 10, specific activity significantly increased to peak levels 188% of control and then gradually decreased. Since a marked increase in the number of macrophages parallels the increase in these metabolic activities through postsurgical Day 10, postsurgical activated macrophages appear to play an important role in peritoneal healing.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Modulation of fibroblast proliferation and transformation by activated macrophages during postoperative peritoneal reepithelialization.

We studied the modulation of fibroblast proliferation and transformation by postoperative macrophages. One group of rabbits underwent resection and reanastomosis of the small bowel, after which macrophages were collected by peritoneal lavage. A second group of rabbits underwent peritoneal wall abrasion followed by collection of local fibroblast on postoperative days 4 and 8. Postoperative macrophages were added to five culture dishes containing fibroblasts. After 24 hours, tritiated thymidine was added to the culture dishes and incubated overnight. In two other dishes, which were incubated for up to 8 days, a 24-hour pulse of tritiated thymidine was added before culture termination. Postoperative day 4 fibroblasts demonstrated a greater increase in cell number during the culture interval compared to fibroblasts collected on postoperative day 8. By the second day of coculture with macrophages collected from different postoperative days, tritiated thymidine incorporation by day 4 fibroblasts was suppressed, especially by postoperative day 7 macrophages. Thereafter, a stimulation in tritiated thymidine uptake was found. In contrast, tritiated thymidine uptake by day 8 fibroblasts was accelerated by coculture with macrophages, especially those collected on postoperative day 7. Day 4 fibroblasts assumed a more spindly appearance when cocultured with macrophages than did day 8 fibroblasts. Taken together, these data suggest that macrophages activated in response to surgical injury may secrete substances that induce proliferation and transformation of fibroblasts.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Gastrointestinal complications and their prevention after abdominal aortic reconstruction, especially factors and prevention of paralytic intestinal ileus after a abdominal bifurcated grafting operation].

We experienced 66 cases of abdominal aortic repair, which contained 49 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and 17 cases of high leveled arteriosclerotic occlusion (high ASO), since March, 1977 till December, 1985. Operative procedures were 44 cases of Y-graft replacement and 5 cases of tube graft interposition for all of AAA, and Y bypass grafting for high ASO. As early gastrointestinal complications after these repairs, paralytic intestinal ileus was found 9 cases in AAA group and no case in high ASO group. Mechanical intestinal ileus needed surgical lysis was found one case in AAA group and one case in high ASO group, upper gastrointestinal bleeding was found 2 cases in both groups, transient ischemic colitis 4 cases in AAA group, and liver dysfunction 4 cases in AAA group. The most frequent complication was paralytic intestinal ileus. In the comparison between 9 cases of paralytic intestinal ileus and others, operative time of the former was significantly longer than that of the latter. But there were no differences in the incidence of other factors. We think that, operative procedure must be chosen in consideration of shortening the operative time. And careful management of gastrointestinal tract and pre-operative correction of general conditions, especially the correction of serum electrolytes and nutrition are the most important.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic value of depth and pattern of stomach wall invasion in patients with an advanced gastric carcinoma.

We reviewed data on 467 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, taking into consideration tumor size, shape and depth of invasion, and growth pattern, either expanding or infiltrative. Three patterns of penetration were identified: i.e., funnel, column, and mountain patterns. The funnel pattern was predominant in tumors extending into the muscularis propria (pm) or subserosa (ss), and were more widely distributed than the column pattern. The majority of the column type tumors were less than 8 cm in pm or ss, and the mountain type was found in only one case in ss, but their size was widely distributed once cancer cells penetrated the serosa. Patients with the funnel type had a better prognosis than the column or the mountain type, and the difference was significant when cancer invasion extended to the serosa.

Gastric Mucosa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of P-glycoprotein influences resistance against anthracyclines in clinical gastric carcinomas.

In 58 human gastric cancers, the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) was evaluated immunohistochemically and chemosensitivity was determined using the in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test. Tumors which contained over 75% stained cells were scored as positive, and 14 of 58 cases (24%) were positive. There was no significant correlation between P-gp expression and clinicopathologic features. The succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity for each drug of P-gp positive and negative tumors was as follows: 81.8 +/- 15.2% vs. 66.3 +/- 16.1% for Adriamycin (ADM), 75.5 +/- 14.2% vs. 59.1 +/- 17.6% for aclacinomycin A (ACR), 71.7 +/- 15.0% vs. 61.1 +/- 14.0% for mitomycin C (MMC), and 57.5 +/- 18.4% vs. 47.0 +/- 16.7% for cisplatin (CDDP). The increase in SD activity was evident in P-gp positive tumors compared with negative ones in cases of ADM (P = 0.0044), ACR (P = 0.0105), and MMC (P = 0.0353). We suggested that P-gp expression is closely related to chemosensitivities of human gastric cancers to anthracyclines.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgery for gastric carcinoma is feasible for patients over 80 years of age.

We report here the outcome of surgical treatment for gastric cancer in 54 patients over 80 years of age presenting from 1967 to 1989. The mean observation interval of the postoperative period was 24 days. In most cases, preoperative examinations revealed pulmonary, renal or cardiac disturbances. The postoperative morbidity rate was 40.7%, most commonly as a result of pulmonary complications. In the 2 patients with multiple organ disturbances, 1 died 1 day after operation following myocardial infarction and the other died of pneumonia 12 days postoperatively. Intensive care treatments were needed in the early postoperative period. The increased morbidity rate proved to be related to wide resectional procedures such as total gastrectomy, operative time in excess of 3 hours, and intraoperative blood loss greater than 300 ml (p less than 0.05). When adjustment for confounding variables was made in the multivariate discriminant analysis, the type of surgery proved to be a major independent risk factor related to postoperative complications. The majority of tumors (92.6%) could be removed by standard resectional procedures and curative operation was feasible for 36 (66.7%) patients. There were 24 deaths due to progression of the cancer. The crude overall 5-year actuarial survival rate was 23.8%, while the rate was 36.9% when correction was made for sex and age. The probability of long-term survival for patients in a relatively early stage of disease (T1-2, N0-1) was statistically better than for those with a more advanced disease (T3-4, N2, M1). Thus, even for patients in the 8th decade of life, gastric surgery can be considered, for carefully selected patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathologic changes in the infundibular septum after balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in tetralogy of Fallot.

Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) has been applied to tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) as a palliative procedure. To investigate the histopathologic changes by BPV in the infundibular septum of TOF, we performed histopathologic examinations of the infundibular septum resected at corrective surgery. The subjects were 5 patients with TOF, who underwent BPV at the median age of 2.2 months and the corrective surgery at the median age of 15.0 months (BPV group), and 4 patients with TOF who had no prior BPV and who underwent the corrective surgery at the median age of 14.5 months (control group). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the endocardial thickness, myocardial vacuole degeneration, or fraction of fibrous and interstitial space. However, the specimens from 3 patients in the BPV group had localized dense fibrous lesions in the myocardium. The findings in this limited sample suggest that BPV for TOF does not produce overall histopathologic alterations such as fibrosis, thick endocardium, and myocardial vacuole degeneration, but may sometimes damage the myocardium of the infundibular septum resulting in the formation of localized dense fibrous lesions. The clinical significance of this damage is still unknown, and further cases should be investigated.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postoperative adjuvant immunochemotherapy and infiltration of dendritic cells for patients with advanced gastric cancer.

To determine the group of patients for whom a biological response modifier is useful, the efficacy of postoperative adjuvant immunotherapy was investigated with regard to infiltration of dendritic cells (DC) in patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent absolute curative resection. The infiltration of DC was classified into marked and slight. The chemotherapy group was prescribed mitomycin C and tegafur, while for the immunochemotherapy group a biological response modifier, PSK, was also prescribed in survival between the chemotherapy and immunochemotherapy groups. In patients with slight infiltration, however, the 5 - year survival rates were 0% in the chemotherapy and 15% in the immunochemotherapy group. Patients given PSK survived longer than those given chemotherapy only (P less than 0.05). Therefore, adjuvant immunotherapy may be considered for patients with advanced gastric cancer with slight infiltration of DC.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗