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Biomedical subjects

H Oztürk

Publications and source records attributed to H Oztürk.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Long-term results of topical glyceryl trinitrate ointment in children with anal fissure.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Although topical glyceryl trinitrate ointment (GTN) has become a popular treatment for anal fissure in adults, its use in children is still limited. We aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of topical GTN in the long-term management of anal fissure in children, which has not yet been reported. METHODS: Thirty-one children with anal fissure who received topical 0.2% GTN treatment between 1997 and 1998 were evaluated in 2004. RESULTS: Ten patients had one or more relapses after initial treatment with 0.2% GTN, all within 1 year of first onset of anal fissure. No further recurrences were diagnosed during the 4-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Although early recurrence can occur, topical GTN ointment is effective in healing chronic anal fissures in children.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2004

The preventive effect of Rofecoxib in postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drugs suppressed prostaglandin synthesis and were able to prevent adhesion formation following surgical trauma to the peritoneum. The selective suppression inflammatory cascade may prevent adhesion formation. Therefore, we planned this study to experimentally evaluate the effects of Rofecoxib, the selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, in postoperative intraperitoneal adhesions in an animal model. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups of 10. All rats underwent midline laparotomy under ketamine anaesthesia (25 mg/kg im). In group 1 (n = 10), the sham operation group (SG); abdominal walls were closed without any process after 2 minutes. In Group 2 (n = 10), the control group (CG); standard serosal damage was constituted and the abdominal wall was closed. In group 3 (n = 10), the COX-2 group (COXG), after serosal damage, the abdominal wall was closed. A 12 mg/kg/day dose of was given orally to the rats during one week. On the 7th postoperative day, all rats were sacrificed and intra-abdominal adhesions were evaluated both macroscopically and microscopically. RESULTS: Macroscopically, no serious adhesion formations were seen in the SG. Multiple adhesion formations of the CG were significantly more than those of the SG (p < 0.0001). It was determined that adhesions of the COXG diminished (p < 0.0001) when macromorphological adhesion scale results of the COXG were compared with those of the CG. The adhesion scores of the CG were compared microscopically with those of the COXG and granulation tissue formation and fibrosis in the COXG were found to be significantly less than those of the CG (respectively p = 0.002, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: We were of the opinion that Rofecoxib, the selective cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, was effective in the prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2003

Retroperitoneal lipoblastoma involving the right common iliac artery and vein.

A case of benign lipoblastoma of the retroperitoneum in a 12-month-old boy, presenting as a huge abdominal mass and right lower extremity swelling, was reported. Surgery revealed involvement of the right common iliac artery and vein by lipoblastoma, requiring the sacrifice of both vessels for complete removal of the tumour. Vascular continuity of both vessels was re-established by a saphenous vein graft interposition. Involvement of a great artery by benign lipoblastoma has not been reported before.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Management of anorectal injuries in children: an eighteen-year experience.

Anorectal injuries (ARI) are rare in childhood and yet occur due to sexual abuse and firearm injuries in developed countries. The labeling of ARI remains controversial in spite of a number of divergent reports over the past decade. We evaluated the surgical indications for primary repair of ARI without stoma, and also the potential risk factors affecting morbidity and mortality in children with ARI. Between 1983 and 2001, 41 children were diagnosed as ARI in our institution due to blunt or penetrating trauma. There were 17 male and 24 female patients. Causes of anorectal injury were blunt injuries in the majority of cases (56 %). Vagina and extremity fractures were the organs most frequently associated with ARI. There was isolated ARI in 49 % of cases. Intraperitoneal organ injury was found in 3 patients (7 %). The distribution of injury location according to the classification of ARI in our children was as follows: 10 % in G I, 32 % in G II, 51 % in G III, and 10 % in G V. Primary repair without colostomy was performed in 51 % of cases. Primary repair and diversion of faecal stream by loop colostomy was required in 20 (49 %) patients. Postoperative septic complications occurred in 29 % of cases. Some potential risk factors such as trauma mechanism and associated organ injury were not significantly correlated to postoperative septic complications, while other risk factors such as mode of treatment, time of operative intervention and contamination were significantly related to postoperative septic complications (p < 0.05). The sensitivity of trauma scoring systems for the estimation of postoperative complication occurrence was significant for ISS (p < 0.05) and ARI score (p < 0.05). The relative risk of developing a postoperative septic complication was higher than 2 for patients with ARI grade III, ISS > 15, primary repair + colostomy group, and time of operative intervention > 8 hours. A child in the colostomy + primary repair group died on the first postoperative day from rapidly progressing septicaemia and multiple organ failure (2.4 %). The management of ARI can be carried out by primary repair procedure without colostomy in the majority of cases if the needed selectivity is established.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Experimental study on effects of deferoxamine mesilate in ameliorating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

PURPOSE: Cisplatin (CCDP), an indispensable agent of several chemotherapy protocols, has serious dose limiting side effects, including nephrotoxicity. In this experimental study, we used deferoxamine mesilate (DFO), an iron chelating agent, to ameliorate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty adult male bulb-c mice were divided in 6 equal groups. Group 1 received distilled water, group 2 received 100 mg/kg DFO, group 3 received 0.9 mg/kg CCDP, group 4 received 100 mg/kg DFO one hour before 0.9 mg/kg CCDP, group 5 received 1.8 mg/kg CCDP, and group 6 received 200 mg/kg DFO one hour before 1.8 mg/kg CCDP transperitoneally for 10 days. The next day, blood and urine samples were obtained, and all the animals were sacrificed, the kidneys and testes were removed, and histopathologic and biochemical analyses were performed. RESULTS: Low-dose and high-dose CCDP treated mice had significantly more extensive proximal tubular degeneration (p < 0.001) when compared to control animals. Moreover, these changes were significantly less extensive in the mice taking DFO than mice taking CCDP. DFO showed no effect on cisplatin induced testicular histopathology. The cisplatin administration significantly increased the serum urea and plasma creatinin concentrations, and DFO administration prior to CCDP significantly decreased serum urea and plasma creatinin concentrations. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that DFO administration may be safe and useful for ameliorating cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Blunt renal trauma in children with previously undiagnosed pre-existing renal lesions and guidelines for effective initial management of kidney injury.

OBJECTIVES: To record pre-existing renal lesions (PERL) found incidentally during evaluation for blunt renal trauma in children, determine their importance, suggest guidelines for the effective initial management of children with significant renal trauma and to evaluate the role of temporary percutaneous nephrostomy tube drainage (TPND) in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed 338 children who were hospitalized with blunt abdominal trauma between 1992 and 2000. Thirty-one patients had significant renal injury, 17 before 1997 (reviewed retrospectively) and the others reviewed and followed prospectively. RESULTS: Eleven of the 31 children had a PERL, which had been undiagnosed before the injury. The mean (range) follow-up was 52 (15-104) months. There were 22 boys and nine girls (mean age 9.1 years, range 2-13). The mean age was lower in patients with a PERL than in children with isolated renal injury. The most common cause of blunt renal injuries was a fall (45%) followed by motor vehicle accidents. Renal stones were present in five children, pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in four, megaureter in one and a renal cyst in one. The mean injury severity scores were 12 in the children with a PERL and 14 in patients without. TPND was used in seven (22%) children; four were associated with a PERL. The mean grade of injury score for the kidney was higher in patients with a PERL and in children who underwent TPND than in patients who previously had a normal kidney and in children who did not undergo TPND. Early surgical intervention was required in three children; all were associated with a PERL. Of the 13 children who underwent surgery 11 had previous disease. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of PERL is high (36%) in children with blunt renal trauma. PERL can predispose minor trauma to cause kidney injury even with no evidence of hydronephrosis. When a minor trauma results in renal injury, it is important to seek a PERL. In selected patients, TPND may decrease the length of hospital stay and improve the outcome of the injured kidney, thereby decreasing the need for further surgery in those with isolated renal injury; however, it appears not to decrease the need for later operations in children with a PERL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Epidemiology and control of nosocomial infections in paediatric surgery.

The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiology and control of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) in paediatric surgery. We reviewed 2844 hospitalized children in a paediatric surgical clinic between January 1997 and December 2000. The diagnosis of HAI was made based on criteria proposed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The incidence, type of micro-organisms and infections, age, sex, risk factors, and the economic aspects were recorded. The mortality, duration of hospitalization and economic aspects of patients were compared with 78 control patients matured for age, sex and primary illness and free of HAI. There were 78 children with HAI, the overall incidence was 2.74% (4.99% in 1997, 3.89% in 1998, 1.33% in 1999, 1.44% in 2000). The most frequent infections were surgical wound (28 patients) and urinary tract (25 patients). The most frequent risk factors were urethral catheterization (10.26%), trauma (9.25%), and parenteral nutrition (8.70%). Mean hospitalization was 16 days (range 4-28 days) in patients with infection compared with nine days (range 2-22 days) in control group. Eight patients died in the infection group, while two died in the control group. HAI caused a significant increase in mortality, prolonged hospitalization and increased costs (P < 0.05, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Local injection treatment for lateral epicondylitis.

In a prospective randomized study of lateral epicondylitis, 120 patients were treated with 2 mL lidocaine (Group A, n=60) or 1 mL lidocaine combined with 1 mL triamcinolone (Group B, n=60). All injections were done using the peppering technique: after inserting the needle the tender area was peppered with 40 to 50 injections by injecting, withdrawing, redirecting, and reinserting without emerging from the skin. All patients were followed up for 1 year. Fifty-six patients in Group A and 57 patients in Group B had excellent results. There was statistically no difference between the groups. Both groups had excellent results and because the injection of local anesthetics is known to have no long-term effect in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis, the peppering technique seems to be a reliable method of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Multilocular cervical thymic cyst: an unusual neck mass in children.

Thymic cysts are usually considered uncommon lesions in the differential diagnosis of neck masses. Approximately 100 cases have been reported to date and most of these cases have occurred asymptomatically. Herein, the authors report a 4-year-old boy with cervical thymic cyst, which was misdiagnosed preoperatively as conglomerated lymph nodes. The correct diagnosis was made after surgical excision and through determination of specific histopathological findings of the thymic cyst. The etiologic theories, differential diagnosis and the treatment of thymic cysts are discussed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2001

Late presentation of Bochdalek hernia: clinical and radiological aspects.

Three infants with late presentation of Bochdalek hernia are presented. The presenting symptoms were cough, intermittent vomiting, dyspnea, and cyanosis. Initial diagnoses of isolated paravertebral mass and foreign material aspiration were made in two infants, based on plain chest x-ray findings and history of the patients. Further radiological investigations, such as contrast upper gastrointestinal series or enema, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the chest, suggested the diagnosis of Bochdalek hernia. The hernia was found on the left side in two patients and on the right side in one. At operation, the stomach, small intestine, and spleen were found as herniated organs in one patient, ascending colon in one, and all of the small intestine together with ascending colon in the other. A congenital diaphragmatic defect should be suspected in every child presenting with unusual respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms and with abnormal chest x-ray findings. The radiological findings vary greatly from one case to another, and even in the same case at different times because of differences in herniated organs and intermittent spontaneous reduction. The possibility of congenital diaphragmatic hernia should be kept in mind to avoid a wrong diagnosis, undue delay in diagnosis, and inappropriate treatment.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2001

Effect of trapidil, an antiplatelet and vasodilator agent on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of trapidil, an antiplatelet and vasodilator drug, on the nephrotoxicity by an aminoglycoside, gentamicin, in rats. Forty female Wistar rats were divided into six different groups. One group served as a control group and the other groups were treated as follows: gentamicin (50 mg kg(-1) twice daily)-treated, gentamicin plus trapidil (4 or 20 mg kg(-1) daily)-treated and only trapidil-treated (4 or 20 mg kg(-1) daily) groups. Serum urea, creatinine and nitrite/nitrate levels were measured. Moreover, histopathological as well as electron microscopic examinations were performed. At a lower dose (4 mg kg(-1)) trapidil did not prevent the development of renal tubular damage by gentamicin. However, a higher dose of trapidil (20 mg kg(-1)) inhibited the ability of gentamicin to increase the levels of creatinine and urea. Furthermore, both light and electron microscopic evaluation confirmed the nephroprotective effect of the higher dose of trapidil. The level of the stable nitric oxide (NO) metabolite, nitrite, was also increased by trapidil. In conclusion, trapidil at a higher dose may protect against gentamicin nephrotoxicity. The mechanism underlying trapidil nephroprotection is not known, but may result from the antagonism of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vasodilatation, inhibition of trombosit aggregation, and/or NO release.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The effects of the nitric oxide donor molsidomine prevent in warm ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat renal--a functional and histophatological study.

Aim of this experimental study is to verify the protective effect of molsidomine on the renal function and structural modifications in the ischemia-reperfusion rat kidney. Sixty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were right nephrectomized and occluded left renal artery for 60 minutes were used. Group I (n = 10) Sham-Operated animals, which only underwent right nephrectomy. Group II (n = 20) Untreated ischemic rats, which underwent left renal ischemia by occlusion of the renal artery for 60 minutes before blood flow was restored. Group III (n = 18) Molsidomine treated ischemic rats, Group IV (n = 20) L-NAME (N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) treated ischemic rats. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured daily and biopsies were obtained from the remaining left kidneys. At seventh day, 55% and 50% of the rats remained alive at the G-II and G-IV respectively. Molsidomine treated rats (G-III) were alive and healthy at day 7. The serum creatinine and BUN levels were significantly higher in G-II and G-IV when compared with the sham-operated group (G-I). G-III rats showed a rapid return to the normal serum creatinine and BUN values on postoperative days 1, 2, 3 and 4. The obtained values in G-II were significantly lower in comparison to the values of G-II and G-IV. The most severe damage (grade 3 to 4) was determined in the kidneys of rats from GII or GIV. The degree of renal tubular damage in GIII was evaluated as grade 1 or 2 tubular damage according to Jablonkski's scale. Our findings suggested that the administration of molsidomine may vanquish the pernicious effects of warm ischemia on kidney structure and function.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Interaction of nitric oxide and cell adhesion molecules after 24 hours of complete ureteric obstruction in the rats on a solitary kidney.

We aimed to show whether the administration of exogenous L-Arg would alter the morphological, functional changes and interaction of nitric oxide and cell adhesion molecules such as tenascin and lectin after release of twenty-four hours complete ureteric obstruction in the solitary rat kidney tissue. Forty prepubertal Wistar-Albino rats were separated into 4 groups, each containing 10 rats. In the group 1 (Sham-control, n = 10), right nefrectomy was performed; the left ureter was visualized but not ligated. In the remaining 30 rats, the abdomen was opened and undergone right nephrectomy and the left ureter was completely obstructed. After 24 hours, thirty rats were divided as group 2, 3, and 4, each containing 10 rats. In-group 2, no drug treatments were given. In-group 3 L-Arg (L-arginine methyl ester) was infused immediately after abolishing ureteric obstruction. In-group 4 L-NAME was give separately during L-Arg administration during 30 minutes immediately after abolishing ureteric obstruction. Than, the animals were prepared for functional and histopathological studies. BUN value was decreased significantly in L-Arg group when compared with untreatment and L-NAME groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.001 respectively). Creatinine values were decreased in L-Arg group when compared with untreatment group (p < 0.002). Urine flow and urinary Na value was increased significantly in L-Arg group when compared to other obstruction groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The increase in the number of macrophages in Untreated and L-NAME group were significant (p < 0.001, p < 0.001) when compared to L-Arg group. Immunohistochemical study showed that tenascin and lectin expression was severe in tubulus basal membrane of untreated and L-NAME treated rats. In L-Arg group, tenascin and lectin expression was moderate in tubulus membrane. Our results suggest that the administration of exogenous L-Arg protect the functional and degenerative effects of acute complete obstruction in the solitary kidney tissue of the rats. Nitric oxide cause these positive effects by decreasing preglomerular vascular resistance, regulation of neutrophil function and preventing the expression of cell adhesion molecules such as tenascin and lectin.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The effects of chemical sympathectomy on testicular injury in varicocele.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the sympathetic nervous system plays a role in the contralateral testicular deterioration encountered in varicocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley albino rats (28 days old) were divided equally into four treatment groups, i.e. (1) sham operation, (2) with varicocele, (3) treated by chemical sympathectomy plus varicocele, and (4) chemical sympathectomy only. Chemical sympathectomy was induced by administering intraperitoneal 6-OH dopamine (100 microg/g for 5 days) in groups 3 and 4; groups 1 and 2 received equal volumes of physiological saline by the same route. All rats underwent laparotomy and part of the left renal vein (distal to the spermatic vein confluence) was isolated and encircled with a 4/0 silk suture. The suture was left untied in group 2, and tied around a 24 F peripheral venous cannula in groups 3 and 4. The testes were then excised when the rats were 70 days old; malondialdehyde (MDA) in the testicular tissue was assayed by the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances method, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. RESULTS: Varicocele resulted in a significant increase in MDA levels in both testes and chemical sympathectomy prevented this effect. SOD and GSH-Px values were significantly decreased in both testes in group 2; chemical sympathectomy also prevented this effect. CONCLUSION: An induced unilateral varicocele significantly increases the biochemical indicators of tissue hypoxia in both testes. As this increase was prevented by chemical sympathectomy, the sympathetic nervous system may play a role in the testicular degeneration associated with varicocele.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The protective effects of captopril and nitric oxide on solitary kidney after chronic partial ureteric obstruction.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vasodilator agents (captopril and nitric oxide) change the morphological and functional effects of chronic partial ureteric obstruction in solitary kidney tissue in unilaterally nephrectomized rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Each of 50 prepubertal Wistar albino rats underwent right nephrectomy and were then assigned to one of five groups. Rats in group 1 underwent a sham operation (control) and in the other groups the ureter of the remaining kidney was partially obstructed by surgery. In group 2, no drug treatments were given; in groups 3, 4 and 5 captopril, L-arginine methyl ester (L-Arg) or NG- nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, respectively, were given for 3 weeks. In all rats, diuretic scintigraphy was used to measure kidney perfusion, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and concentration. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine levels, kidney parenchymal weight and pelvic volume were measured and the kidneys evaluated histopathologically. RESULTS: Renal perfusion was significantly greater in both group 3 and 4 than in group 2. The GFR was 18% greater in group 3 and 22.3% greater in group 4 than in group 2. The GFR was decreased by 67% in group 5 compared with the control group. The mean parenchymal weight, mean pelvic volume, BUN and serum creatinine in the four groups with a partially obstructed ureter were significantly different from the control group. There also were significant differences between group 2 and groups 3--5, and between group 2 and group 3. Histological damage was severe in all four groups with partial ureteric obstruction, but in the drug-treated groups, medullary fibrosis was less frequent. CONCLUSION: After 3 weeks of treatment, captopril and L-Arg both improved kidney perfusion, GFR, BUN and serum creatinine levels, but were less effective in preventing parenchymal atrophy and changes in pelvic volume.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed2001

Ultrastructural effects of hypercholesterolemia on the cochlea.

HYPOTHESIS: The goals of this study were to identify the effects of hypercholesterolemia on the cochlea and to find out where the pathologic changes first occur. BACKGROUND: Some authors have stated that hypercholesterolemia alone does not produce auditory dysfunction. Others propose that auditory dysfunction is caused by glycogen accumulation and other alterations on cochlear ultrastructure. METHODS: Twenty guinea pigs were classified as a control group fed with a normal diet, and a cholesterol group of 24 animals was given a diet composed of 1 g cholesterol per day for 4 months. The hearing acuity of the animals before the diets was compared with that after the diets by means of auditory brainstem responses. The basal and apical turns of the cochleas were examined by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: The control group showed normal cochlear ultrastructures consistent with normal hearing thresholds, whereas the cholesterol group had profound edema in the strial marginal layer and slight edema in the outer hair cells, in line with data from auditory brainstem responses revealing changes in hearing sensitivity in various degrees. The pathologic changes in the basal turn and the stria vascularis were qualitatively prominent in comparison with those of the apical turn and the outer hair cell. CONCLUSIONS: These observations confirm that hypercholesterolemia alone may cause auditory dysfunction if dietary cholesterol is kept at a high level for a long time. Alterations attributed to hypercholesterolemia begin in the stria vascularis and then spread over the outer hair cells, mainly in the basal turn.

Animals↗