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H P Katner

Publications and source records attributed to H P Katner.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

HIV and the brain: evidence of early involvement and progressive damage.

AIDS is often accompanied by progressive encephalopathy and 'subcortical' dementia, but there is uncertainty regarding how early the brain involvement may begin in the course of HIV infection. This study used a cognitive auditory 'oddball' paradigm to elicit sensory and cognitive event related potential (ERP) components from healthy controls and from patients at different stages of HIV infection. Sensory component latencies did not differ between groups, but cognitive components showed progressive delays corresponding to increasingly severe clinical stages of HIV infection. The earliest changes were found among asymptomatic HIV + patients, suggesting that this test is a sensitive indicator of early subclinical CNS damage. In contrast, neither frequency analysis nor nonlinear dynamical analysis of the EEG showed differences between healthy controls and patients.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1990

Fusobacterium osteomyelitis associated with intraosseous gas.

The diagnosis of acute anaerobic osteomyelitis was made in a 57-year-old hypertensive diabetic woman complaining of groin pain and fever. Roentgenograms and computed tomography demonstrated intraosseous gas in the right femoral head and surrounding soft tissue. Cultures obtained from open biopsy were positive for the anaerobic gram-negative bacillus Fusobacterium necrophorum, a normal inhabitant of the mouth, bowel, and urogenital tract. The patient responded to an antibiotic regimen of metronidazole combined with initial debridement and drainage, followed by resection of the femoral head (Girdle-stone arthroplasty). The hospital course was complicated by fungal and pseudomonal superinfection. The patient was afebrile and ambulatory at discharge two months after admission. A case of Fusobacterium necrophorum osteomyelitis causing intraosseous gas seems not to have been previously reported in the literature.

Female↗
PubMed1988

Use of rigid and flexible sigmoidoscopy by family physicians in the United States.

To investigate the incidence of use of the flexible and rigid proctosigmoidoscopes by family physicians, a questionnaire was mailed to 1,585 randomly selected members of the American Academy of Family Physicians. Of the total of 1,057 respondents, 48 percent performed sigmoidoscopy, with 30 percent performing flexible sigmoidoscopy, 31 percent performing rigid sigmoidoscopy, and 48 percent performing at least one of the procedures. Younger physicians were found to be more likely to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy, as were physicians who practice in communities of fewer than 500,000 population. Nationwide, more of the flexible procedures are performed in private offices than in the hospital. Physicians in communities of less than 500,000, however, are more likely to use the flexible sigmoidoscope in a hospital setting than are physicians in larger urban areas [corrected]. Board-certified physicians were more likely to perform one or both procedures than were noncertified physicians.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1988

Origin of AIDS.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Endoscopic cleaning and disinfection procedures for preventing iatrogenic spread of human immunodeficiency virus.

With estimates as high as 1.8 million individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States, the majority asymptomatic, it is crucial that all physicians routinely use adequate disinfection procedures for medical instruments. The protosigmoidoscopic disinfection procedures used by US family physicians were evaluated for adequacy in inactivating HIV. Sixty-seven percent of 1,585 randomly selected American Academy of Family Physicians members completed a mail survey regarding these procedures. Comparing procedures used with those recommended by the Centers for Disease Control or documented to inactivate HIV, 32.4 percent were judged to be appropriate procedures; 54.4 percent of the procedures were not tested or recommended; and 13.2 percent used appropriate solutions but at inadequate concentrations or exposure times. Therefore, a substantial proportion of US family physicians performing endoscopic procedures use disinfection procedures that may not inactivate HIV. The ever-increasing prevalence of HIV demands that standardized adequate disinfection procedures be implemented by all physicians to prevent the potential nosocomial spread of HIV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Spontaneous suppressor cell activity in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome and associated conditions.

Patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) have depressed cell-mediated immunity partially explained by a depletion of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes. We questioned if the remaining elements of the mononuclear cell (MNC) population also played a part in the immunologic abnormalities noted. We therefore evaluated the ability of MNC populations from homosexuals with AIDS and AIDS-associated conditions to suppress the mitogenic responses of control MNCs in an assay of "spontaneous suppressor" cell activity (SSCA). Asymptomatic homosexuals and homosexuals with chronic lymphadenopathy, Kaposi's sarcoma, or opportunistic infections (OIs) had levels of SSCA equal to or greater than that of control subjects. Levels were significantly higher in patients with lymphadenopathy (p less than or equal to 0.1) and in patients with OI (p less than or equal to 0.05). Although percentages of Ia+ cells were increased in all homosexual groups and highest in patients with OIs (p less than or equal to 0.05), percentages of either monocytes or suppressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, potential mediators of SSCA function, did not correlate with levels of SSCA observed. Therefore, patients with AIDS and AIDS-associated conditions have MNC populations that appear to interact in producing normal or augmented down regulation of residual T-lymphocyte function, even in the face of helper/inducer T-lymphocyte depletion.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

Kaposi's sarcoma with a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Its association in a male homosexual with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection.

Combined tumor syndromes, specifically reticuloendothelial malignancies and Kaposi's sarcoma, have long been recognized. With the recognition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), several patients with concurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma have been reported at high risk for developing AIDS. The present Centers for Disease Control definition of AIDS excludes these patients on the assumption that one tumor is affecting the cellular immunity, allowing for the development of the second malignancy. In evaluating such a patient who had serologic evidence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection, the probable cause of AIDS, we have reviewed reports of patients with similar concurrent malignancies before and since the onset of the AIDS epidemic. We conclude that patients in high-risk groups for AIDS who develop similar combined tumor syndromes should be classified as having AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

Pleural effusion and anicteric hepatitis associated with cat-scratch disease. Documentation by cat-scratch bacillus.

Prior to the discovery of the coccobacillus in the lymph nodes of patients with cat-scratch disease by Wear and associates, the diagnosis was based on clinical findings and a nonstandardized skin test. Atypical cases either remained an enigma or were questioned as to accuracy of diagnosis. We present here a case of cat-scratch disease associated with pleural effusion, anicteric hepatitis, and other systemic manifestations confirmed by identification of the coccobacillus. It is the first association with a pleural effusion. With the Warthin-Starry stain, we anticipate a redefinition of this disease. The confirmation of atypical cases will help broaden the clinical spectrum, as well as guide us to consider this diagnosis where its classic manifestations may be absent.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Overview of bacterial infections of the skin and soft tissue and clinical experience with ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium in their treatment.

The etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of skin and soft tissue infections are discussed, and the results of clinical experience with ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium in these diseases at one clinic are reported. In a randomized and controlled clinical trial, the safety and effectiveness of ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium and cefazolin were compared in the treatment of soft tissue infections in 20 patients. The 12 patients in the group treated with ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium included 10 men and two women, with a mean age of 61 years; the eight patients in the group treated with cefazolin were five men and three women, with a mean age of 63.8 years. Ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium was administered for four to 26 days (mean 12.5 days), and cefazolin for four to 20 days (mean 12 days). There were 29 evaluable pathogens in the group receiving ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium and 22 in the group receiving cefazolin. Of the 29 pathogens in the former group, 22 were eradicated; three reinfections or superinfections occurred but were ultimately eradicated, and four pathogens persisted. Eighteen of the 22 pathogens in the cefazolin-treated group were eliminated and the other four persisted. Clinically, six of the 12 patients in the ticarcillin plus clavulanate potassium-treated group had cures, four showed improvement, and two failed to show a response. In the cefazolin-treated group, five of the eight patients had cures, one showed improvement, and two failed to show a response.

Aged↗