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Biomedical subjects

H P Sherr

Publications and source records attributed to H P Sherr.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Characterization of hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rabbit gallbladder mucosa.

1. We have developed a plasma membrane preparation from the mucosal epithelium of rabbit gallbladder and have characterized the hormonal sensitivity of adenylate cyclase in this preparation. 2. Basal activity is low and is stimulated by GTP and GppNHp. Hormonal stimulation is largely dependent on exogenous guanine nucleotide. 3. Several prostaglandins (E1 approximately E2 greater than A1 greater than B1), vasoactive intestinal peptide and the beta-adrenergic agonist, isoproterenol, stimulate mucosal adenylate cyclase activity; a variety of peptides and neurotransmitters (secretin, cholecystokinin, arg-vasopressin, oxytocin, histamine, dopamine and serotonin) are without effect. 4. The data support the hypothesis that the inhibitory effect of prostaglandins, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and isoproterenol on gallbladder fluid absorption in certain species may be mediated by cyclic AMP. 5. The membrane preparation should be useful in further characterizing hormone receptor-transducer interactions of the gallbladder mucosal epithelium.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1983

Complex pathogenesis of hyperoxaluria after jejunoileal bypass surgery. Oxalogenic substances in diet contribute to urinary oxalate.

Balance studies and oxalate loading tests were carried out in order to define the pathogenesis of hyperoxaluria in 8 patients with jejunoileal bypass surgery for severe obesity; two healthy volunteers were also studied. In the bypass patients, urinary oxalate was markedly elevated (118 +/- 43 mg/day, mean +/- SD) when they were on a high oxalate diet (252 mg/day). Hyperabsorption of dietary oxalate was confirmed by the markedly increased urinary recovery of [14C]oxalate given in a test meal. In addition, the oxalate radioactivity was excreted in urine far more slowly than in healthy volunteers, suggesting that the colon was a major site of oxalate absorption. Elevated urinary oxalate excretion persisted, averaging 38 +/- 12 mg/day, despite ingestion of a very low oxalate diet (approximately 6 mg/day), suggesting that the diet contained "oxalogenic" substances other than preformed dietary oxalate which also contributed to dietary oxalate in these patients. Urinary oxalate decreased in 7 of 8 patients, however, when protein-rich foods were removed from the diet, suggesting that at least one dietary factor was digestive products of protein or creatinine. These results confirm the current view that in patients with hyperoxaluria secondary to jejunoileal bypass, the majority of urinary oxalate derives from dietary oxalate that is absorbed from the colon. Tissue or bacterial production of oxalate or an oxalate precursor from dietary constituents associated with protein, however, also appears to contribute to urinary oxalate. The results provide an explanation for the reported difficulty of eliminating secondary hyperoxaluria by restriction of dietary oxalate alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hyperoxaluria associated with intestinal bypass surgery for morbid obesity: occurrence, pathogenesis and approaches to treatment.

Hyperoxaluria occurs in most patients after the conventional jejunoileal bypass procedure for obesity. The mechanism of hyperoxaluria is complex, involving persistence of dietary oxalate in solution as well as increased colonic permeability to oxalate. Endogenous oxalate formation also contributes to hyperoxaluria. Treatment is unsatisfactory and involves a low-oxalate diet and simultaneous administration of agents which bind oxalate and bile acids, such as aluminum hydroxide. Hyperoxaluria was not present in 21 of 22 patients who had undergone the pancreato-biliary bypass procedure.

Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1976

Colonic changes of herpes zoster.

The lesions of herpes zoster of the colon were observed in three cases. Small polygonal mucosal blebs or small ulcerations involving a short segment of the colon and appearing in a reasonable time relationship with the cutaneous manifestations either in a corresponding or noncorresponding dermatome should enable diagnosis of this unusual condition. Recognition of this entity in the presence of these skin lesions should be obvious and therefore helpful in avoiding more aggressive and invasive diagnostic procedures.

Adult↗