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Biomedical subjects

H P Wu

Publications and source records attributed to H P Wu.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Therapeutic effect of guar gum in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Diets with a high-fiber content have been shown to produce some beneficial effects on metabolic factors in subjects with NIDDM. However, some controversies still exist. In this report, the long-term effect of guar gum (Guarina) on both glycemic and blood lipid profiles was assessed in a randomized, double-blind and cross-over study on 16 (seven male and nine female) subjects with NIDDM. Each subject received placebo (P) and Guarina (G) treatment for two eight-week periods separated by a four-week period to facilitate wash-out. Fasting plasma glucose levels showed significant improvement during G treatment but not during P treatment (151.7 +/- 7.9 vs 168.6 +/- 12.2 mg/dl, p less than 0.01 by paired Student's t test). Hemoglobin Alc levels decreased significantly during G treatment but not during P treatment (6.9 +/- 0.2 vs 7.2 +/- 0.8%, p less than 0.001). Fasting insulin concentrations also showed significant lowering during G treatment but not during P treatment (18.3 +/- 2.1 vs 23.1 +/- 2.9 U/ml, p less than 0.005). Other variables, including serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDLc, LDLc, sodium, potassium, chloride, magnesium and calcium levels showed no significant changes during G or P treatment. Ten out of the 16 patients (62.5%) suffered from side effects; these included abdominal cramps (one case), diarrhea (seven cases) and skin itching (one case). In conclusion, guar gum effectively lowers fasting plasma glucose and HbAlc levels in subjects with NIDDM. Hyperinsulinemia could also be ameliorated. The effectiveness and side effects of guar gum treatment should be cautiously evaluated in each NIDDM subject.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effect of tocopherol on platelet aggregation in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: ex vivo and in vitro studies.

Tocopherol has been shown to have antiplatelet effects in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. However, its antiplatelet effect in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) remains to be established. In this report, the antiplatelet effect of tocopherol was assessed in a randomized, double-blind and crossover study of 15 NIDDM subjects. Each subject received tocopherol (dl-alpha-tocopherol nicotinate, 200 mg, tid) and a placebo for two six-week treatment periods separated by a three-week period in between for wash-out. The mechanisms of the antiplatelet effect of tocopherol were also studied in vitro. A significant decrease in platelet reactivity was observed after tocopherol treatment as compared with the pretest, and the magnitude of the decrease during tocopherol treatment was significantly evident when compared with that of the placebo treatment, as assessed by collagen (5, 10 micrograms/mL)-induced platelet aggregation of whole blood. A dose-dependent reduction in both ADP-and collagen-induced platelet aggregation was observed with tocopherol from 0.1 to 3.0 mM in vitro. No corresponding changes in ATP secretion and thromboxane synthesis were observed. Tocopherol also significantly inhibited fibrinogen-induced aggregation of elastase-treated platelets at a concentration of 0.1 mM. We demonstrated that platelet aggregation of whole blood ex vivo, among 15 NIDDM subjects was suppressed in tocopherol treatment, so tocopherol may have an antiplatelet effect in NIDDM subjects. The inhibitory effect of the platelet aggregation of tocopherol may be partially accomplished through interference with fibrinogen binding towards its receptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Quantitative multiregional CSF kinetics using serial, metrizamide enhanced computed tomography.

Two rhesus monkeys studied by serial metrizamide (Amipaque) enhanced computer tomography (CT) imaging were used to quantitatively analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kinetics in multiple anatomical regions. Time--density curves were generated for the cisterna magna, suprasellar cistern, quadrigeminal cistern, and sylvian fissure, If clinical, biochemical, and routine static CT scanning indicate a profile suggesting normal pressure hydrocephalus, then CSF kinetics may be quantitatively and dynamically studied by CT imaging with metrizamide enhancement. This multiregional approach may be applied in an attempt to accurately distinguish normal pressure hydrocephalus from cerebral atrophy as a means of predicting which patients will likely profit from surgical diversionary shunting.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A multiregional kinetics model for cerebrospinal fluid.

A mathematical model was developed to describe the multiregional flow of intrathecal indium-111 DTPA, and hence indirectly the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, in sequential spinal and cerebral CSF images. The model provides for an arbitrary input function, transport delay between appropriate compartments, transmeningeal and transependymal transport, and for bidirectional flow between most compartments. Two- and eight-compartment models were evaluated. The set of eight nonlinear differential equations was solved using numerical techniques. This model provides a quantitative basis for the interpretation of CSF kinetics.

Adult↗