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H Palmer

Publications and source records attributed to H Palmer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The history of the laboratory at Dikemark hospital].

The laboratory was modestly founded in 1924 by Rolv Gjessing, MD. The aims were to apply clinical chemistry and pathophysiology in the examination of psychiatric patients, and undertake psychosomatic research. Using these means, Gjessing made thorough studies of patients with periodic catatonia. He is considered the founder of biologic psychiatry and the founder of psychiatric chemistry. Rolf Gjessing's son, Professor Leiv Gjessing, who succeeded his father in 1959, expanded the laboratory's scientific and practical activities. In addition to profound follow-up studies of periodic catatonia, he has studied new and important problems within psychiatry and related subjects. In 1986 the laboratory was transformed into the Research Institute for Neuro-Psychiatry, with the medical scientist Lars Mørkrid as head. The institution, in the light of its results and broad scientific contact and cooperation, is a unique medical institution in Norway with an international reputation.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1992

Interferon-beta. A potential autocrine regulator of human vascular smooth muscle cell growth.

Positive and negative signals regulate the proliferation in vitro of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC), a principle cell type in the blood vessel wall. Immune interferon (IFN-gamma, a type II IFN) retards the growth of human SMC, but the effect of type I IFN (IFN-alpha or beta) is unknown. Furthermore, the capacity of SMC to produce IFN is uncharacterized. If type I IFN alters SMC growth and is produced by this cell type, an autocrine inhibitory loop could operate in vascular growth control. To test this possibility, we compared the effects of IFN-alpha, beta, and gamma on the growth of SMC stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor, interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor alpha. IFN-beta and IFN-gamma, but not IFN-alpha, consistently retarded growth of SMC cultures (measured by net DNA accumulation and cell number). We investigated whether SMC could produce IFN-beta, a mediator characteristically produced by fibroblasts. Vascular SMC treated with poly(I):poly(C) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha expressed IFN-beta mRNA. SMC treated with poly(I):poly(C) or Newcastle Disease virus elaborated biologically active IFN-beta as well. Our results establish that IFN-beta inhibits human vascular SMC growth and that these cells can express the IFN-beta gene. These findings show that human vascular SMC have the capacity of producing a potential autocrine growth regulator.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[The beginning of the beginning of clinical chemistry in Norway].

Germany and Austria were the leading countries in the development of chemical pathology which clinical chemistry was then called. In these countries this field vas regarded as a separate specialty around 1842, but in Norway not until 100 years later. The most prominant names were the Germans J.J. von Scherer and J.F. Simon, and the Austrian J.F. Heller. One of the driving forces behind the application of chemical pathology in clinical work was the creator of cellular pathology R.L.K. von Virchow together with the outstanding E.F.E. Hoppe-Seyler, who was responsible for chemical pathology at Charité Hospital in Berlin. Heller was head of the clinical laboratory at Wien Allgemeines Krankenhaus. It was undoubtly the fame of these persons that influenced many Norwegians in their choice of where to study. Dr. Ludvig Dahl stayed with Heller in 1853, and published from there the first Norwegian survey of chemical pathology based upon his own laboratory studies. Dr. Emanuel Winge worked together with both von Virchow and Hoppe-Seyler in 1857. In 1858 he was appointed pathologist and head of the newly established laboratory at the State Hospital (Christiania), a position which also included responsibility for clinical pathology. Winge must be regarded as the first clinical chemist and the founder of the clinical chemistry in Norway.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1990

Degradation of poly(ester) microspheres.

Biodegradable polymeric microspheres have been prepared by spray drying, precipitation, rotary evaporation and press grinding methods. Erosion of microspheres of poly(lactide), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), copolymers of lactide and glycolide, and copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyrate and 3-hydroxyvalerate at 85 degrees C and 37 degrees C have been studied using ion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance, residual mass measurements, viscometry and gel permeation chromatography. Such studies demonstrated that these polyester matrices degraded via (1) random chain scission and (2) release of soluble monomeric and oligomeric products. Protein release from microspheres prepared by these methods indicated that most of the protein is released before the polymer matrix loses weight.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed1988

Platelet-derived growth factor or basic fibroblast growth factor induce anchorage-independent growth of human fibroblasts.

Anchorage-independent growth, i.e., growth in semi-solid medium is considered a marker of cellular transformation of fibroblast cells. Diploid human fibroblasts ordinarily do not exhibit such growth but can grow transiently when medium contains high concentrations of fetal bovine serum. This suggests that some growth factor(s) in serum is responsible for anchorage-independent growth. Much work has been done to characterize the peptide growth factor requirements of various rodent fibroblast cells for anchorage-independent growth; however, the requirements of human fibroblasts are not known. To determine the peptide growth factor requirements of human fibroblasts for anchorage-independent growth, we used medium containing serum that had had its peptide growth factors inactivated. We found that either platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or the basic form of fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) induced anchorage-independent growth. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) did not enhance the growth induced by PDGF, or did so only slightly. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) decreased the growth induced by PDGF. EGF combined with TGF-beta induced colony formation in semi-solid medium at concentrations at which neither growth factor by itself was effective, but the combination was much less effective in stimulating anchorage-independent growth than PDGF or bFGF. This work showed that PDGF, or bFGF, or EGF combined with TGF-beta can stimulate anchorage-independent growth of nontransformed human fibroblasts. The results support the idea that cellular transformation may reduce or eliminate the need for exogenous PDGF or bFGF.

Blood↗
PubMed1987

Tumbling abrasions. Injuries from ricocheting bullets.

Atypical entrance gunshot wounds may be produced by deflected or ricocheting bullets. One special type of atypical entrance wound involves abrasion of the skin at a site that is remote from the point of dermal penetration. These remote abrasions, termed "tumbling abrasions," are produced by bullets that tumble after impact with an intermediate target. Three cases of tumbling abrasions are presented.

Breast↗
PubMed1983

Methodological aspects of examination of 24 hour urinary excretions in outpatients with recurrent urolithiasis.

In 85 recurrent stone formers, 2 consecutive 24 h urinary excretions were subjected to chemical examination for calcium, uric acid, magnesium and creatinine. 23 patients had hypercalciuria (greater than 6 mmol/24 h), 22 hyperuricosuria (greater than 3.5 mmol/24 h) and 5 hypomagnesuria (less than 2.4 mmol/24 h). In 1/3 of the cases, the diagnosis would have been missed if based on only one of the two collections, rather than on the mean values from both. Calcium-restricted diet 3 days before and during the sampling is not recommended. Hydrochloric acid appeared to be useful as a preservative and to prevent calcium and magnesium precipitation. No significant seasonal variations were found. Heating of the urine sample before analysis of uric acid did not influence the result.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Several unusual cases of child abuse.

All childhood deaths which occurred in New Mexico during 1974 and 1975 were reviewed. Nine fatal instances of abuse were identified representing the entire spectrum of physical abuse: neglect, abuse in a single episode of injury, repetitive abuse, or sexual abuse. Several cases are summarized. These are unusual either in the distribution of pathologic findings or in the problems encountered in court presentation.

Child Abuse↗