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Biomedical subjects

H Palti

Publications and source records attributed to H Palti.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Episodes of illness in breast-fed and bottle-fed infants in Jerusalem.

In a prospective study on breast-feeding in Jerusalem, 274 middle-class Jewish women were interviewed about their breast-feeding practices, and symptoms and signs of disease, episodes of illness and hospitalization of the infant. Women of a higher education level breast-fed more often and for a longer period than did women with less education. Infants exclusively breast-fed had significantly fewer symptoms of disease than did those not breast-fed or partially breast-fed. The odds ratios for cough, respiratory difficulty, and diarrhea by breast-feeding practice were 3.66, 2.14 and 2.72 (P = 0.04). Significant differences in the number of illness episodes were found between breast-fed and bottle-fed infants at 20 weeks; infants exclusively breast-fed had the least number of illness episodes. A positive association was found between number of illness episodes and duration of breast-feeding. Infants who were breast-fed for 20 weeks had the least number of illness episodes; 52% of them had no episode compared with only 15% who were not breast-fed. Comparison of the numbers of illness episodes among non-breast-fed infants of mothers with low and high education levels indicated that the infants of better educated mothers had a significantly lower percentage of illness episodes (P less than 0.05). Even infants of a middle-class and well-educated population benefit from the breast-feeding practice and its protective effect, more so if they are exclusively breast-fed and for a longer period.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of rises in food costs on food intake of three year olds in Jerusalem.

The food intake of two samples of children born five years apart were determined in 1975 and 1980 at three years of age in a low and middle class neighbourhood of Jerusalem. The 24-hour recall method was used. No deficiency in caloric intake was noted. The protein intake was twice the recommended dietary allowance (RDA), 3.7 gr/kg in the study group interviewed in 1975 and 3.3 gr/kg in those interviewed in 1980. The mean daily iron intake was only 40% of the RDA. The main sources for protein were milk and milk products, poultry and eggs. Significantly higher mean caloric and protein intakes were noted for the upper as compared to middle and low social class in 1980. Children from Asian origin had the lowest caloric and protein intake in 1975 and 1980 whereas those of European-American origin had the highest. Severe inflation and the resulting tenfold increase in food prices in Israel were not reflected in marked changes in dietary intake. The percentage expenditure on food was 25% of total income during both periods. The possible factors influencing the stability in dietary intake are governmental subsidy for the essential foods, correction of wages and increase in social security payments thus maintaining the buying power, as well as the educational effect of the preventive services--the Mother and Child Health Stations on feeding practices.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

Growth pattern of children in a Moslem semirural community near Jerusalem.

The growth pattern of infants from birth to 2 years of age was studied in a homogenous Moslem semirural community near Jerusalem. The weight of the study population was compared with that of children from a western neighbourhood in Jerusalem and the National Centre of Health Statistics standard. The Abu Ghosh children are lighter than the Jerusalem and the National Centre of Health Statistics populations at birth and subsequently at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months of age. The percentage of weight gain between any two measurements at the various ages is slightly lower than that of the Jerusalem population. There is no decline in percentage of weight gain after weaning. Birthweight has accounted for a high percentage of explained variance of weight at 6 months (14.4%), but explained only 1.2% of variance at 24 months. The percentage of girls below the 10th centile was less than that of boys. The genetic and environmental effects on growth as well as the effect of the mother and child health services on the child rearing patterns of the populations are discussed.

Birth Order↗
PubMed1980

Determinants of short stature in normal children at the age of two years: a case-control study in a community in Jerusalem.

Differences were analysed between growth patterns and determinants of physical growth in two groups of normal infants at 24 months. Longitudinal data routinely collected in a mother and child clinic were analysed. At 24 months, 26% of cohort infants were at or below the 10th percentile for length (= 'small' infants); 98 of these were compared with 83 'medium' infants (between the 50th and the 75th percentile, for example). Excessive downward deviation of length percentiles was seen in 80% of 'small' infants. In 20% their birthweight was on the 10th percentile or below; 50% had a mother less than 155 cm tall; maternal stature was closely linked with socioeconomic factors. Of mothers with less than nine years of schooling, 70% had 'small' infants. In 95% of both groups growth attainment at two years could be predicted from data at 12 months. The known factors influencing deviant physical growth overlap with those of mental and social development. Growth deviation by itself may identify infants open to multiple risks, especially if their mothers have a low educational level. Further narrowing of the target group for specialised intervention strategies should be attempted.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

Community diagnosis of physical growth of infants based on monitoring in a routine preventive service.

The physical growth pattern of infants aged from one month to two years was studied in a lower middle class community in Jerusalem. Weight and length were measured at one month and at three, six, 12, and 24 months. In each age and sex group there were at least 200 children. At one month and 24 months the percentage of children below the 10th percentile for weight and also for length was higher than expected, although severely impaired linear growth was observed in only 0.5% of males and 1.3% of females at 24 months. The percentage of overweight infants was highest at three months (6.2% of males and 5.2% females). In the light of these findings, we discuss the feasibility of accurate monitoring of physical growth in maternal and child health clinics; the possibility of an association between maternal stature and the high percentage of children below the 10th percentile for length; and the association between food intake and growth pattern.

Body Height↗
PubMed1979

Food intake and growth of children between 30 and 48 months of age in Jerusalem.

The food intake and body size of a sample of children from a western neighborhood of Jerusalem were determined at 30, 36, and 48 months of age. The mean caloric intake was below the 100% of the Recommended dietary allowance (RDA). The percentage of children receiving less than 100% of the RDA increased slightly with age. Less than 20% of the children had intakes below 60% of the RDA. The mean protein intake was 200% of the RDA. Iron intake met the World Health Organization recommendations. The heme component of the iron intake decreased with age. The mean protein and caloric intake increased as the mother's educational level increased. The weight and height distribution of this population does not differ significantly from the US reference population. At 48 months of age, the children are heavy for their height. Some difficulties of dietary intake studies and the association between food intake and growth are discussed.

Child Development↗
PubMed1977

A semilongitudinal study of food intake, anemia rate and body measurements of 6 to 24-month-old children in a Jerusalem community.

Food intake of 120 infants at 6 and 12 months old and 110 toddlers at 18 and 24 months old in three neighborhoods in a Western part of Jerusalem was determined by the 24-hr recall technique. Mean caloric intake was below the recommended dietary allowance, protein intake was twice the recommended dietary allowance, iron intake was low, and a high rate of mild anemia was found. Anemia rate and severity were more pronounced in a poor neighborhood. The different rate of anemia in the three neighborhoods in partly explained by the differences in sources of iron. Food intake did not vary by social class or mother's education. Using the weight/height ratio 9 to 12% of the children were overweight and 3 to 7% were obese. The impact of Mother and Child Health clinics on feeding practice is emphasized.

Anemia↗
PubMed1977

An epidemiological study of haemoglobin levels in infancy in Jerusalem. The effect of social factors and the relation to physical growth.

The infant population of a mixed middle and low social class community in a western neighbourhood of Jerusalem has been examined for haemoglobin, haematocrit weight and length at 9 months of age. The mean haemoglobin has been 11.1 g/100 ml, the mean haematocrit 36.1 and the mean MCHC 31.1%. In most cases the anemia has been mild. Statistically significant differences in the mean haemoglobin have been found by social class of father and sex of the child. No statistically significant association has been found between birth weight, weight and length at 9 months and mean weight increment per week between birth and 9 months of age and haemoglobin. Lower levels of Hb have been demonstrated in the males by categories of birth weight and categories of weight increment.

Anemia↗