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Biomedical subjects

H Papadopoulos

Publications and source records attributed to H Papadopoulos.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Ber-H2 (CD30) immunohistochemical staining of human fetal tissues.

OBJECTIVE: CD30 antigen has long been considered to be restricted to the tumour cells of Hodgkin's disease and of anaplastic large cell lymphoma as well as to T and B activated lymphocytes. It is now apparent that the range of normal and neoplastic cells, which may express CD30 antigen, is much wider than was at first thought. In order to gain insight into the physiological function of CD30 antigen, we studied the distribution of its expression in the tissues of fetuses from week 8th to week 16th. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of CD30 antigen in paraffin-embedded tissue samples representing all systems from 30 fetuses after therapeutic abortion at 8th to 10th and 12th to 16th week of gestation, respectively, using the monoclonal antibody Ber-H2. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that CD30 is expressed early in human fetal development (8th to 10th week of gestation) in several fetal tissues derived from all three germ layers (gastrointestinal tract, special glands of the postpharyngeal foregut, urinary, musculoskeletal, reproductive, nervous, endocrine systems), with the exception of the skin and hematolymphoid system (thymus), in which the antigen is expressed later on (10th week onwards). Expression of CD30 was restricted to the hematolymphoid system in the 12-16 weeks of gestation. No expression of the marker was observed in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems during the entire period examined. CONCLUSIONS: CD30 antigen is of importance in cell development, and proliferation. It is also pathway-related to terminal differentiation in many fetal tissues and organs.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed2000

Effects of cotinine on sperm motility, membrane function, and fertilizing capacity in vitro.

We evaluated the effect of cotinine on sperm fertilizing capacity in vitro. Human spermatozoa were washed and re-suspended in medium containing albumin and various concentrations of cotinine (0, 100, 200, 400, or 800 ng/ml). After an 8-h incubation period, sperm motility, hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST) outcome, and the percentage of hyperactivated spermatozoa were assayed. Aliquots of spermatozoa were then processed for the zona-free hamster oocyte sperm penetration assay (SPA) or hamster ooplasmic injections. Spermatozoa exposed to concentrations of cotinine equal to 400 or 800 ng/ml demonstrated significantly smaller outcomes for all of the above with the exception of after hamster ooplasmic injections, where high cotinine concentrations did not affect sperm viability or sperm capacity to undergo decondensation and activate hamster oocytes. It appears that cotinine concentrations of 400 or 800 ng/ml exert a detrimental effect on sperm motility, membrane function, and the ability to undergo capacitation. In addition, the current findings suggest that smokers with a high seminal plasma cotinine concentration who participate in assisted reproduction programs may be treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injections (ICSI) rather than conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) trials.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Influence of the male reproductive tract on the reproductive potential of round spermatids abnormally released from the seminiferous epithelium.

Round spermatids can be collected from testicular biopsy material or occasionally from semen samples. We evaluated the influence of the passage of round spermatids through the male reproductive tract on their reproductive potential. A model of abnormal release of round spermatids from the seminiferous epithelium was created in mature male rats (group A). Additional sham-treated rats of the same age served as a control group (group B). Round spermatids were collected from the testicles of rats of both groups, the epididymides of rats of group A, and the vaginae of mature female rats mated with rats of group A. Isolated round spermatids were processed for ooplasmic injections. Injected oocytes were cultured. At 96 h post-injection, the blastocyst development rate was significantly higher in the groups of oocytes injected with testicular spermatids than the groups of oocytes injected with spermatids recovered from the vaginae, or the head, body, or tail of the epididymides. It appears that round spermatids recovered from testicular biopsy material have larger reproductive capacity than ejaculated round spermatids, due to mechanical or chemical detrimental influences of storage/passage through the male reproductive tract (outside the testicle) on the capacity of round spermatids to induce optimal early embryonic development.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Internal fixation of hip osteotomy in children. Successful healing in 26 children without postoperative casting.

We assessed the necessity of postoperative casting when a plate was used for fixation of a proximal femoral varus osteotomy. 26 children without postoperative immobilization were compared to 17 children with a cast. No complications were encountered in either group of children and all osteotomies showed similar healing. Our findings indicate that plate fixation provides adequate stability for healing of the osteotomy.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1989

Effect of 5% galactose diet on galactose and dulcitol in plasma and lens of male and female pigs.

The study was performed to compare the galactose tolerance of male and female pigs to 5% galactose and 25% hydrolysed whey (HW; containing 5% galactose) diets. Plasma galactose and dulcitol levels were measured throughout the diet period and correlated with the lens dulcitol contents at the end of the period. On the first day of the diet there was no significant difference between male and female blood galactose levels after galactose ingestion. The consumption of HW resulted in a significant 30% decrease in the blood galactose peak in females; there was no parallel difference in males on the HW diet. The 30-day diet induced a significant decrease in galactosaemia peaks resulting from galactose ingestion in both males and females, indicating an activation of galactose metabolism. The HW diet resulted in an equivalent decrease in peak galactosaemia only in males, cancelling the initial differences observed between males and females. The final dulcitol content in the lenses appeared to be correlated with plasma galactose but not with plasma dulcitol. However, the differences in plasma galactose between males and females, or between the two diets, resulted in smaller and often non-significant differences in lens dulcitol.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1976

Long acting methadone.

Tablets were prepared using pan-coating, congealing, plasticization with organic solvents and direct compression methods. The tablets were evaluated using the official dissolution test, and an analysis of the active ingredient was accomplished by employing gas-liquid chromatography. The formulation and dissolution characteristics of sustained release tablets, employing the matrix concept to regulate drug release, were studied. Particle size distribution of plastic material influenced the release rates from porous inert matrices, and it was found that incomplete drug release occurred from these preparations. Three-layer slowly-eroding sustained release tablets, using a swellable gum (carbomer) were formulated; by adjusting the proportion of the gum quantitative release of the drug was attained. Approximation of linearity for drug release-time relationship was achieved from three-layer slowly-eroding tablets containing different concentrations of drug in the middle and outer layers. Administration of the above tablets, containing 30 mg of methadone, produced analgesia in male albino rats for approximately 60 h, without undesirable effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Timed-release tablets containing quinine sulfate.

The release rates of quinine sulfate from slowly eroding, timed-release tablets prepared with various amounts of a swellable gum, carbomer, and cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate at different compaction pressures were attained. For the dissolution test of the prepared tablets, the method described in NF XIII was followed. The concentration of the released quinine sulfate was determined spectrophotometrically.

Delayed-Action Preparations↗
PubMed1975

Factors effecting drug release from inert matrices. Part 1: effects of surfactants on the release of quinine sulfate.

Dissolution rate studies of quinine sulfate from polyamide matrices, in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids, are carried out in the presence of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium lauryl sulfate and polyoxyethylene (50) stearate surfactants. The results obtained show that dissolution rate is dependent upon the pH of the disolution media and the type and concentration of surfactant. The solubilization effect of surfactants is also examined and the findings are discussed.

Chemistry, Pharmaceutical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modification of severe behaviour problems following herpes simplex encephalitis.

Violent and sexually disinhibited behaviour together with poor self-care developed in a 38-year-old teacher following herpes simplex encephalitis. These behaviours were sufficiently severe to make rehabilitation difficult and return to the community impossible. Initially, only violent behaviour was treated, both by medication and a behaviour programme, and sexual disinhibition subsequently by the latter. In order to implement the programme a special (psychiatric) nurse was required on a 24 h basis. The incidence of violent behaviour was reduced from up to 55 times per day to zero over a period of 2 months. Whether this was affected by medication or behaviour management, or by spontaneous recovery, is discussed. Sexual disinhibition was eliminated in supervised settings, but continued to occur if left unsupervised and this improvement resulted from behaviour management. Poor personal hygiene also improved markedly over the 6-month period. The goal of returning the patient home to live with her family was achieved and she remained there at follow-up. This intervention was carried out in a rehabilitation unit that does not specialize in the treatment of such cases; clearly this has implications for cost and quality of care.

Adult↗