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Biomedical subjects

H Paramesh

Publications and source records attributed to H Paramesh.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Normal peak expiratory flow rate in urban and rural children.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a reference value of peak expiratory flow rates (PEFR) of normal boys and girls of urban and rural areas aged 6 to 15 years from Kamataka, South India and compare with other studies. METHODS: Twelve schools from urban and rural areas were selected to participate in the study. The permission was taken from the principal and the parents of the students from I to IX standards. A total of 6568 students participated in the study from 1994 to 1999. Among them 1091 children, were excluded from the study, who had respiratory symptoms and low peak expiratory flow rates who responded well to Salbutamol inhalation therapy in a spacer of 750 ml in volume. RESULT: A total of 5477 normal children were selected for the study. 2838 (51.8%) were boys; 2639 (48.2%) were girls. 4817 (87.9%) were from urban area and 660 (12.1%) were from rural areas. PEFR values correlated best with height, there was no difference in sexes, religion and urban/rural children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Epidemiology of asthma in India.

Allergic respiratory disorders, in particular asthma are increasing in prevalence, which is a global phenomenon. Even though genetic predisposition is one of the factors in children for the increased prevalence - urbanisation, air pollution and environmental tobacco smoke contribute more significantly. Our hospital based study on 20,000 children under the age of 18 years from 1979,1984,1989,1994 and 1999 in the city of Bangalore showed a prevalence of 9%,10.5%,18.5%, 24.5% and 29.5% respectively. The increased prevalence correlated well with demographic changes of the city. Further to the hospital study, a school survey in 12 schools on 6550 children in the age group of 6 to 15 years was undertaken for prevalence of asthma and children were categorized into three groups depending upon the geographical situation of the school in relation to vehicular traffic and the socioeconomic group of children. Group I-Children from schools of heavy traffic area showed prevalence of 19.34%, Group II-Children from heavy traffic region and low socioeconomic population had 31.14% and Group III-Children from low traffic area school had 11.15% respectively. (P: I & II; II & III <0.001). A continuation of study in rural areas showed 5.7% in children of 6-15 years. The persistent asthma also showed an increase from 20% to 27.5% and persistent severe asthma 4% to 6.5% between 1994-99. Various epidemiological spectra of asthma in children are discussed here.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Nalidixic acid in diarrhoea.

In a private practice set-up from June 21, 1982 to December 31, 1984, 109 children who were admitted to the hospital with acute bacterial diarrhoea diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings and faecal leucocytes over 10/high power field, were treated with nalidixic acid 55 mg/kg in 4 divided doses to find out its effectiveness. The youngest in this study group was of 18 days, the oldest was of 16 years and the mean age was 2.61 years. In this group 72 were male children and 37 female. The average duration of stay in hospital was 2.71 days. Before admission 40 children (36%) had prior antimicrobial treatment elsewhere. These children were re-evaluated 14 hours after treatment and clinical improvement was observed in most of the cases. It was found that nalidixic acid was an effective and safe antimicrobial agent in acute infectious diarrhoea. It cut down the days of hospitalisation and cost. It was well tolerated even in children less than 3 months.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Practical approach to recurrent respiratory infections.

Respiratory diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Recurrent respiratory infections in children pose a great challenge to the pediatrician where he has to exercise his clinical acumen and methodical approach for correct diagnosis and treatment. It is a fact that children should suffer 7 to 8 upper respiratory infections per year until they are 5 years of age when their immune status reaches adult level. In this situation, it is essential to find out whether the frequencies are abnormal. Whenever a child has the following problems, then only it needs to be investigated.--(a) repeated bacterial pneumonias; (b) a child less than 3 months old having repeated respiratory infections; (c) a child of 9 months old without a history of exposure infections; (d) infections complicating into bronchiectasis and; (e) in a child where there is no history of allergy or asthma. Once the problem is established as a true recurrent respiratory infection, the clinician should pose questions--whether it is chronic, acute or recurrent, to find out the site of pathology, seriousness of the problem, response to previous medications, to establish the possible diagnosis which fall into six categories--congenital anamolies, aspiration syndrome, genital disorders, immunological diseases, immune deficiency disorders and allergic diseases. The author discusses quoting some examples for various categories avoiding non pulmonary causes for recurrent respiratory infections in children.

Acute Disease↗