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Biomedical subjects

H Perrild

Publications and source records attributed to H Perrild.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Relationship between thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin during long-term suppression with triiodothyronine in patients with diffuse non-toxic goitre.

Twenty-five patients with non-toxic diffuse goitre were studied during and after 12 months of treatment with 60 micrograms triiodothyronine daily in order to see whether a correlation could be found between the reductions of thyroid volume, using ultrasonic scanning, and serum thyroglobulin. Thyroid function tests and thyroid volume determination were performed before treatment and after 3, 6 and 12 months of therapy in 19 patients (group 1). In patients of group 2 (n = 19) the same tests were performed at the end of 12 months treatment and 6 and 12 months after withdrawal. Before treatment all patients had a significantly increased thyroid volume compared to controls matched according to sex, age and body weight (P less than 0.001). Serum thyroglobulin was elevated compared to controls (P less than 0.02), with a significantly positive correlation to the thyroid volume (Spearmann's Rho = 0.52, P less than 0.02). Both serum thyroglobulin and thyroid volume decreased during treatment in the majority of the patients, concomitantly in approximately half of them. After withdrawal of treatment (group 2) serum thyroglobulin showed a median increase of 54% after 6 months and remained unchanged thereafter, whereas the thyroid volume was unchanged after 6 months. These findings might support the concept that the regulation of thyroid growth and of protein synthesis and degradation might be determined by different factors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Long-term alprenolol treatment affects serum T4, T3 and rT3 in euthyroid patients with ischaemic heart disease.

After treatment with alprenolol for 1 year, serum 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (rT3) was significantly increased (P less than 0.01) in a group (n = 20) of euthyroid subjects compared to a control group (n = 20) given placebo. All subjects had definite or suspected myocardial infarction one year previously. Serum thyroxine (T4), free T3 index (FT4I), serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, (T3) and free T3 index (FT3I) were not significantly different in the two groups. Alprenolol and placebo were gradually withdrawn over 14 days. On the first day after withdrawal a significant decrease in serum rT3 in the alprenolol treated group was the only change observed. Fourteen days after withdrawal a significant fall in serum T4, FT4I, rT3 and a rise in serum T3 and FT3I was found in the alprenolol treated group. Six months after withdrawal the only further change observed in the alprenolol treated group was an increase in T3 and FT3I. No changes occurred in the placebo treated group in any of the hormones studied. The results are consistent with a direct effect of long-term alprenolol treatment on the peripheral levels of serum T4, T3 and rT3 in euthyroid subjects. The changes in the thyroid hormones after withdrawal further indicate withdrawal of a permanent inhibition of 5'deiodinase during long-term treatment with alprenolol in euthyroid subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Sex related goitrogenic effect of lithium carbonate in healthy young subjects.

Eight healthy males and 8 healthy females without a family history of thyroid disease or detectable thyroid autoantibodies were given 300 mg of lithium carbonate twice a day for 28 days. Using a precise and accurate ultrasonic technique we demonstrated an increase in median thyroid volume from 18 ml on day 0 to 34 ml on day 28 (P less than 0.005) in the female group, whereas the median thyroid volume was unchanged in the male group. A significant increase in basal serum TSH level and serum TSH levels 20, 60 and 90 min after 200 micrograms of TRH iv was found in both groups after 28 days of lithium treatment. The means of the individual TSH increments during the TRH test were not significantly different between the two sexes neither before nor after lithium treatment. After 14 and 28 days a significant fall in serum T4 levels was found in both sexes. 131I uptake (24 h) in the thyroid gland was increased in both sexes, but only in the male group was the mean PB131I (24 h) significantly reduced after 28 days of lithium treatment. In conclusion the present study suggests a difference in susceptibility of the thyroid gland to the growth stimulating effect of minute increments in serum TSH in young healthy males and females given lithium carbonate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The differential diagnostic problems in unilateral euthyroid Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Nine consecutive patients with unilateral ophthalmopathy with suspected endocrine pathogenesis were investigated with a TRH test, a T3 suppression-test, thyroid autoantibodies and a subsequent computerized tomography (CT)-scan. All patients were clinically and biochemically euthyroid. Seven of 9 patients had a normal TRH test and 6 of 7 had a normal T3 suppression test. Slightly to moderately elevated microsomal and thyroglobulin (determined with radioimmunoassay) autoantibodies were found in 5 of 8 patients and in 1 patient thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) were found. Three of the patients had normal thyroid function tests and no detectable thyroid autoantibodies. The subsequent CT-scan revealed that one of these had a maxillary tumour protruding into the orbita. The remaining 8 patients had enlargement of one (3 patients) or more (5 patients) eye muscles. Two of the 8 patients had bilaterally enlarged eye muscles, one of which was the patient with positive TSI. The remaining 6 patients had unilateral extraocular muscle enlargement. Thus, 2 of 9 patients had ophthalmopathy without thyroid dysfunction so-called isolated autoimmune ophthalmopathy or Graves' ophthalmopathy. Thyroid function tests seem to be of limited value in the diagnosis between endocrine and non-endocrine eye disease, and we recommend the use of diagnostic imaging (e.g. CT-scan) in patients with unilateral exophthalmus in order to diagnose malignant processes.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1983

Different effects of propranolol, alprenolol, sotalol, atenolol and metoprolol on serum T3 and serum rT3 in hyperthyroidism.

Serum T4, T3, rT3 and T3 resin uptake (T3 RU) were measured before and after 7 days of treatment with either propranolol, alprenolol, sotalol, atenolol or metoprolol in hyperthyroid patients. We found a significant decrease in serum T3 after propranolol, alprenolol, atenolol and metoprolol but no change in the sotalol treated group. A significant increase in rT3 was found in the propranolol and alprenolol treated groups whereas a significant fall in rT3 was found in the atenolol and metoprolol treated groups. No change was found in the sotalol treated group. The changes observed in serum T3 and in rT3 could be explained by an inhibition of the 5'deiodinase enzyme by propranolol and alprenolol and an inhibition of both the 5'deiodinase and 5 deiodinase enzymes caused by atenolol and metoprolol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1983

Discrepancy between haemagglutination and radioimmunological techniques for measurement of serum thyroglobulin autoantibodies.

Recently, it has been suggested that in some patients with autoimmune thyroid diseases the tanned red cell (TRC) method for detection of thyroglobulin autoantibodies (TgAb) is negative where TgAb measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) show positive values. To investigate this further, patients with thyroid diseases, pernicious anaemia and a control group were studied for serum concentrations of TgAb by TRC and by quantitative RIA, calibrated against MRC Standard A65/93. Antibodies for microsomes (MAb) were measured immunofluoretically. There was in all patient groups (Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 41), Graves' disease (n = 50), idiopathic myxoedema (n = 12), euthyroid Graves' disease (n = 7), pernicious anaemia (n = 81) a discrepancy between TgAb measured by TRC and RIA, respectively, whereas there was a reasonable correlation between the presence of TgAb by RIA and the presence of MAb. A possible interference from antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factors was ruled out. There was no increased frequency of TgAb measured by RIA in the control group. Fractionation of TRC negative sera revealed macromolecular TRC-activity, whereas TgAb positive sera by both methods had almost exclusively RIA and TRC activity corresponding to IgG. Based on these results and others it seems that the TRC method for measurement of serum TgAb is of limited diagnostic value. Furthermore, the TRC method is in many cases not sensitive enough for screening for TgAb prior to measurement of serum Tg, which is of importance as this method shows false values in the presence of TgAb due to methodological interference.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1983

The determination of thyroid volume by ultrasound and its relationship to body weight, age, and sex in normal subjects.

Using a precise and accurate ultrasonic scanning technique we have measured the volume of the thyroid gland in vivo in 271 healthy subjects (13-91 yr old). In these subjects the mean (+/- SD) thyroid volume was 18.6 +/- 4.5 ml. A significant difference between males (19.6 +/- 4.7 ml; n = 139) and females (17.5 +/- 4.2 ml; n = 132) was found (P less than 0.001). The thyroid volume was significantly correlated with both body weight and age, described by: Y = 1.97 + 0.21 . x1 + 0.06 . x2, where Y is the thyroid volume (milliters), x1 is the body weight (kilograms), and x2 is the age (years). The influence of body weight on the thyroid volume was about 3 times that of age. The difference in thyroid gland volume between males and females was explained solely by a difference in body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Incomplete separation of radioiodinated thyroid hormones in serum using specific antibodies.

Alkaline Sephadex G-25 columns were used to separate labelled 3,5,3',5'-thyroxine, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine and 3,3'-diiodothyronine from the serum binding proteins followed by a quantitative elution of each hormone by coupling to its respective antibody. It is shown that although these antibodies (diluted 1:1500-1:100 000) in our radioimmunoassays are highly specific they show a high degree of non-specific binding when they are used in the concentrations necessary to get a maximal recovery of the hormones in column separating experiments.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1979

The effect of suppressive therapy of nontoxic diffuse goiter on serum levels of thyroxine, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine.

We studied the effect of suppressive therapy with graded doses of thyroxine (T4) on serum levels of T4, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine [rT3] in patients with diffuse, nontoxic goiter. For comparison and in order to elucidate the degree of suppression of the pituitary thyroid axis by T3 the effect of suppressive therapy with T3 was studied in the same type of patients. We found that T4 in serum rose significantly to a constant level during T4 treatment (0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 mg/day). Dose-related rises in T4 were only seen after 3 months of treatment. T3 and rT3 only changed minimally. The T4/T3 ratio rose to a constant level during the initial 3 months of treatment. T3/rT3 ratio remained unchanged. No dose-related differences in T4/T3 and T3/rT3 ratio were observed. Treatment with T3 in doses of 0.06 mg per day caused a significant but slow fall in T4 and rT3 to hypothroid levels while T3 only rose slightly. The T4/T3 ratio dropped significantly during T3 therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sildenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men with diabetes: demand, efficacy and patient satisfaction.

The objective of this study is to describe the eligibility, consumption, efficacy and patient satisfaction when treating men with diabetes with Sildenafil. The study is a prospective, self-reported, flexible-dose study. In total, 45 patients with diabetes (type 1 or 2), complaining of erectile dysfunction, were treated with Sildenafil over a 12-week period. Efficacy was assessed using a patientlog, a general satisfaction questionnaire and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Of 326 men, 192 reported erectile dysfunction, 79 did not fulfil the criteria for Sildenafil treatment and 49 declined to participate. In the group of 33 (age 45-75 y, mean+/-s.d.: 58.1+/-7.2) completing the study, erectile function was significantly improved (P < 0.0001). A total of 12 patients (36.4%) experienced no treatment effect at all. Eligibility and desire for treatment was low. Sildenafil is far from being a 'cure all' in the treatment of ED in diabetes.

Aged↗