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Biomedical subjects

H Pflieger

Publications and source records attributed to H Pflieger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic evaluation of Mormoiron attapulgite in acute diarrheas of infants and children. A multicenter study in controlled liberal practice versus placebo in 113 patients].

A placebo-controlled multicenter study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Actapulgite in infants and children with acute diarrhea. One hundred and thirteen patients, with a mean age of 28 months, were enrolled by pediatricians in the office. As recommended during acute diarrhea, the dosage of Actapulgite was doubled during the first three treatment days (2 to 4 packets a day according to the patient's weight), and reduced by half thereafter. The main effectiveness criteria was passage of the first normally formed stool, which denotes normalization of intestinal transit time. The first normally formed stool was recorded after two days of treatment with Actapulgite and was followed, on the next day, by a second normal stool, denoting complete recovery. The greater effectiveness of Actapulgite as compared with the placebo was demonstrated by the fact that both the first and the second normally formed stools were passed one day earlier with the active treatment (p = 0.01 and p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, resumption of a normal diet occurred significantly earlier with Actapulgite (4.4 days) than with the placebo (5.1 days). In addition to being effective, the study drug proved remarkably well tolerated. This study is especially valuable because of its office setting and the use of exclusively clinical criteria with a strict methodology.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Calmodulin in normal and cystic fibrosis human intestine at different developmental stages.

Calmodulin concentrations and localisation have been analysed as a function of development in human intestinal epithelial cells from normal and cystic fibrosis individuals. In normal fetuses up to eight weeks of gestation intestinal epithelial cells which were still undifferentiated were not immunoreactive and their calmodulin content was low. From eight weeks onwards there was a significant overall increase in calmodulin content concomitant with its segregation to the apical side of epithelial cells. At 14 weeks of gestation calmodulin concentrations and localisation closely resembled those of adults. The developmental pattern of calmodulin appeared to parallel the morphological and functional maturation of brush borders which occurs during the first trimester of pregnancy. In the intestinal epithelial cells from a 19 weeks cystic fibrosis fetus and a cystic fibrosis newborn infant neither calmodulin concentration, nor its localisation were affected. Similarly, brush border calmodulin binding proteins and enzymatic activities were similar in normal subjects and the cystic fibrosis intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with an adrenocortical adenoma].

A case of severe asymmetrical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy occurring in a 11 month-old infant presenting with adrenocortical adenoma is reported. Cardiac involvement, as shown by echocardiography, recovered after complete excision of the tumor. Despite few published cases, the etiology of the associated cardiomyopathy is discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Idiopathic combined immunocytopenia.

Four patients with combined immunocytopenia of unknown origin were investigated. Two patients with pancytopenia had allo- and autoantibodies against erythrocytes, granulocytes and thrombocytes. Two other patients with granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia showed allo- and autoantibodies against granulocytes and thrombocytes. All patients went into a transient or persistent remission under immunosuppressive therapy. The normalization of peripheral blood correlated with the disappearance of antibodies suggesting that the cytopenia was caused by an antibody mediated autoimmune mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Gradient separation of granulocytic progenitor cells (CFUc) from human blood mononuclear leukocytes.

Two different density-gradient techniques were compared for separation of human blood-derived granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFUc) from immunocompetent cells using albumin or Percoll as gradient media. Mean CFUc enrichment by means of discontinuous albumin gradient was twofold, whereas Percoll gradients yielded about 20- to 40-fold enrichment of CFUc in relation to lymphocytes. The pH of gradient media proved to have a major influence on separation quality. Based on these results and the development of a new density-separation technique in a 600-ml plastic bag, replacing customary Ficoll-Hypaque gradients, a method for large-scale purification of CFUc from leukapheresis-derived leukocytes has been constructed, working in a closed, sterile system. About 11 X 10(9) mononuclear cells containing 6 X 10(5) CFUc could be processed within 10 h. Lymphocytes were reduced to less than 1% of their initial number, and an average of about 50% of the original CFUc could be recovered.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1983

Antimicrobial prophylaxis in acute leukaemia: prospective randomized study comparing two methods of selective decontamination.

In a prospective study the efficacy of two regimens for selective decontamination of the digestive tract was studied in patients with acute leukaemia during remission induction therapy. Seventy-eight patients were randomized to receive either a combination of cotrimoxazole, polymyxin B and nystatin (group A) or a combination of nalidixic acid, polymyxin B, neomycin and nystatin. With both regimens the gastrointestinal tract could be decontaminated equally effectively from potential pathogens. In the oropharyngeal region the decontamination from Enterobacteriaceae was significantly better in group A (P less than 0.01). In both groups less than 10% of the acquired infections were caused by gram-negative bacilli and no gram-negative septicaemia occurred in either group. The median time interval until the first acquired infection was 17 days in group A and 36 days in group B, respectively (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that regimen A might be more effective than regimen B though both regimens prevent reliably severe gram-negative infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Blood clotting factor XIII substitution in acute leukaemia: result of a randomized and controlled study].

A randomized and controlled study was undertaken to test whether substitution with factor XIII concentrates influences the clinical course in patients with acute leukaemia and acquired factor XIII deficiency (less than or equal to 60%). A control group of 31 patients was compared with a factor XIII-treated group of 29 patients. Partial factor XIII deficiency was successfully corrected by substitution. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between the two patient groups in the frequency and severity of bleeding complications, transfusion requirements, and the number of remissions. Undesirable side-effects as a result of substitution treatment were not observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Infection prophylaxis in acute leukaemia patients: comparison of selective and total antimicrobial decontamination of the gastrointestinal tract.

In a retrospective study, total antimicrobial decontamination with strict reverse isolation (ITD) and selective decontamination without isolation (SD) were compared as means of preventing infection in patients with acute leukaemia. Thirty patients were treated with ITD and 34 patients with SD. The surveillance cultures indicated that aerobic gram-negative bacilli and yeast could be equally eliminated effectively in both the groups. The anaerobic flora was only minimally influenced by SD. The incidence of acquired infections was 1.17 per patient in group ITD as compared to 0.85 in group SD. In group ITD, acquired bacterial infections were mostly caused by gram-negative bacilli (63%) whereas in the group SD these microorganisms accounted only for 25% of the infections. In group SD the total number of fever days was significantly lower and the mean duration of pyrexial episodes was substantially shorter. The results indicate that SD is an effective and inexpensive method for preventing gram-negative infections and might be at least as effective as ITD.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Risk factors for infections of the oropharynx and the respiratory tract in patients with acute leukemia.

The pathogenicity of microorganisms isolated by surveillance cultures, the neutrophil count in the peripheral blood, and the interaction of the two factors were analyzed as risk factors for infections of the oropharynx and the respiratory tract in patients with acute leukemia being treated in strict reverse isolation under antimicrobial modulation. A statistical method was developed for the identification of bacteria, the presence of which was correlated with an increased risk of infection. A significantly increased risk was found mainly for species of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, and Pseudomonas. The degree of neutropenia was significantly correlated with the risk of infection, which was influenced by the microbiologic state of the oropharynx. Thus, patients with gram negative bacilli had significantly more days with infection at all levels of neutropenia than patients without gram-negative bacilli. These two risks factors were additive but did not potentiate each other.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Limited value of in vitro techniques for the detection of leukocyte alloantibodies during granulocyte transfusion therapy.

A 23-year-old male patient undergoing first induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia received granulocyte transfusions on 10 consecutive days. An average of 2.1 X 10(10) granulocytes was given per square metre body surface area per day. Transfusion reactions and absence of post-transfusion granulocyte increment after the fifth granulocyte transfusion suggested the presence of leukocyte antibodies. However, no antibodies were detectable at this time by the lymphocytotoxicity test, the indirect granulocyte immunofluorescence test, or the platelet suspension immunofluorescence test. In contrast to the clinical observation, the serological detection of leukocyte antibodies was only possible 1 day after the last granulocyte transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

In vitro and in vivo studies on filter collected granulocytes.

The in vitro function of granulocytes collected by filtration leukapheresis after premedication of donors with dexamethasone was found to be normal. In vivo studies were performed in a 21-year-old woman who was transplanted with allogeneic bone marrow for severe aplastic anaemia. The patient received granulocyte transfusions for treatment of septicaemia during the transplantation period. On 11 consecutive days an average dose of 7.2 X 10(10) granulocytes/transplantation, the patient died from cardiac failure. Transfused granulocytes were found ante mortem in a pericardial effusion and post mortem in lungs, kidneys, liver and spleen. The data indicate that filter collected granulocytes function normally in the recipient and are clinically effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Granulocyte transfusions in acute leukaemia. Regeneration of granulopoiesis as determining factor of survival.

40 patients with acute leukaemia and severe granulocytopenia were treated with granulocyte transfusions for bacteriologically documented or clinically suspected septicaemia. The patients received an average of 5 transfusions each with 2.1 X 10(10) granulocytes per m2 body surface area per day. 26 patients showed clinical benefit from transfusion therapy as documented by the course of blood cultures, local lesions and fever. Only patients with regeneration of granulopoiesis had definite benefit from granulocyte transfusions. All other patients died ultimately from septicaemia.

Acute Disease↗