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Biomedical subjects

H Philipsen

Publications and source records attributed to H Philipsen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The development of a short generic version of the Sickness Impact Profile.

This study concerns the development of a short version of a well-known and much used clinimetric instrument called the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). The SIP is a generic measure of functional status. Based on findings of a principal components analysis of over 800 SIPs from a multi-diagnostic population, a selection of 68 items divided over 6 dimensions was made and initially tested. As no support was found for the statistical validity of the categorical structure of the original SIP, a new structure, discovered through principal components analysis, was used as the basis for selecting items. Comparison of the scores on the selection with information provided by the original SIP showed very promising results: the 68 item selection may serve as a valid short SIP-version.

Female↗
PubMed1994

[Family care for Moluccan ans Dutch elderly persons: a comparative study of readiness and expectations].

Care expectations of Moluccan and Dutch elderly (n = 48), and the willingness of their children (n = 25) to provide care are explored. It appeared, that Moluccan elderly received more family care than the Dutch comparison group. Moluccan children were considered to be responsible for the care of the elderly as well as for arranging additional care. Dutch elder persons stressed that they didn't want to become a 'burden' to their children, and were more willing to call in professional help. However, all elderly persons were reluctant concerning the involvement of professional care. Dutch elder persons stressed their loss of independency. For Moluccan elderly, professional care did not fit in with their traditional (care) beliefs. In general, Moluccan children were more willing to provide care than Dutch children. However, many of them expected problems in combining family life, a job and the care of their parents. In this respect opinions of Moluccan and Dutch children were more alike than those of their parents.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Information needs and problems of patients with myocardial infarct and coronary bypass. A study of information needs and problems from the viewpoint of Orem's theory].

Problems and information needs of patients six months after myocardial infarction or after coronary artery bypass surgery were assessed in this study. The theoretical framework was provided by the theory of Orem (1991). Data on problems experienced and need for more or other information were collected by semi-structured interviews. Results show that almost all (81) of the 82 patiënts did experience problems the first six months after discharge. Most (60) of the 82 patients stated they had needed more or other information concerning one or more topics. Most information was needed concerning: knowledge of the disease, convalescence, tiredness, risk factors, medication, emotional reactions en deleterious effects of treatment. The relationship between problems, information needs, health condition and character of the topic (affective or cognitive) was also examined.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1993

Effects of preventive home visits to elderly people.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of preventive home visits by public health nurses on the state of health of and use of services by elderly people living at home. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial. SETTING: General population of elderly people in one of the southern regions of the Netherlands. SUBJECTS: 580 subjects aged between 75 and 84 years randomly allocated to intervention (292) or control (288) group. INTERVENTIONS: Four visits a year over three years in intervention group. Control group received no home visits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self rated health, functional state, well being, loneliness, aspects of the mental state (depressive complaints, memory disturbances), and mortality. Use of services and costs. RESULTS: Visits had no effect on the health of the subjects. In the group visited no higher scores were seen on health related measures, fewer died (42 (14%) v 50 (17%)), and community care increased slightly. In the control group more were referred to outpatient clinics (166 (66%) v 132 (55%)), and they had a 40% increased risk of admission (incidence rate ratio 1.4; 90% confidence interval 1.2 to 1.6). No differences were found in long term institutional care, and overall expenditure per person in the intervention group exceeded that in the control group by 4%. Additional analyses showed that visits were effective for subjects who initially rated their health as poor. CONCLUSIONS: Preventive home visits are not beneficial for the general population of elderly people living at home but might be effective when restricted to subjects with poor health.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Validity testing of the Dutch translation of the appraisal of the self-care agency A.S.A.-scale.

The purpose of this study was translation and construct validity testing of the appraisal of the self-care agency ASA-scale. This scale measures operability of self-care agency. The original English version of the scale was translated into Dutch. Subsequently the Dutch version was retranslated into English and compared with the original for semantic and cross-cultural differences. Construct validity of the translated scale was tested on 140 elderly in the Netherlands. The scale was administered to 40 randomly selected patients of a nursing home, 30 residents of a personalized care facility, 30 residents of a service flat and 40 randomly selected elderly who lived independently in the adjacent community. As hypothesize, mean ASA scores of the four groups of elderly differed significantly. The less dependent on institutionalized nursing care the higher the operability of the self-care agency scores of the elderly.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

Physician satisfaction, professional characteristics and behavior formalization in hospitals.

In this paper, an analysis is presented of professional and bureaucratic predictors of physician satisfaction. Results from 210 physicians in 17 medical departments of university hospitals support the hypotheses that both professional attitudes and formal structuring of work activities have a positive effect on physician satisfaction. It is shown that behavior formalization, preference for professional autonomy and the time spent on patient care activities within medical departments are positive predictors of satisfaction with work environment, while 'traditional' professional attitudes like craftsmanship and client service have more impact on satisfaction with patient demand. Certification is a strong positive predictor of work load satisfaction. Satisfaction with work environment was the most important factor in explaining other satisfaction dimensions. This finding supports the hypothesized 'buffering' effect of the affective climate or 'feel' of the professional work environment in hospitals. The implication of the findings is, that in the process of bureaucratization of medical practice in hospitals, specific attention should be paid to the maintenance of professional values as guidelines for professional work and to the maintenance of a good affective work environment for professionals in order to prevent dissatisfaction with patient demand and work load.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Physical illness in chronic psychiatric patients from a community psychiatric unit revisited. A three-year follow-up study.

A group of 156 psychiatric patients from an urban community psychiatric unit for chronic psychiatric patients was routinely medically screened and reported on. Re-evaluation of the medical diseases found in those patients was carried out three years later. Those who were still being treated--73 patients (47%)--were interviewed, as were their psychiatrist and, where necessary, their general practitioner (GP). The implementation of medical recommendations given following the physical screening by the specialist in internal medicine was also assessed. Re-evaluation of the diagnoses confirmed that 36% of this population had one or more physical diseases, rather than the 53% found earlier. The results show that the majority of physical complaints and diseases as well as functional illnesses were as persistent as the psychiatric diagnoses in this patient group. The patients' GP seems to be the person best suited as the primary physician responsible for the patient's physical health.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

Plate waste producing situations on nursing wards.

This study examines the existence of a positive correlation of interferences during mealtime and the amount of plate waste. Textbooks prescribe a quiet and relaxed atmosphere. With an exploratory research design, data about the patient, his environment and plate waste were collected on a medical unit of an academic teaching hospital. Mealtime environmental conditions by no means met prescribed demands. The amount of plate waste correlated with movements made by laboratory and housekeeping personnel, visitors and physicians. Loss of appetite as well as related environmental factors are further discussed and elaborated.

Appetite↗
PubMed1991

Preventive home visits to elderly people by community nurses in The Netherlands.

This study aims at a description of the current position of preventive home visits to the elderly by community nurses in The Netherlands. Over a period of 8 weeks, a representative sample of 108 community nurses and 49 community nursing auxiliaries at 47 different locations paid a total number of 215 preventive home visits to elderly people. Clients' characteristics, the nature of care delivered by the nurse, and the length of the home visit were recorded for each home visit. The results suggested that community nurses and nursing auxiliaries spent very little time on preventive home visits. During the home visits, both types of nurses tried to increase the self-care agency of the elderly by giving education or advice. Furthermore, community nurses often paid more attention to the assessment and examination of existing or emerging self-care deficits of the elderly people visited than nursing auxiliaries. In spite of the fact that the importance of preventive care for the elderly is recognized, resources are scarce. It is therefore recommended that more research be carried out on the cost effectiveness of preventive home visits.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Patients' rights and the admission and discharge process.

This study examines what patients' admission to and discharge from hospital means for nurses in their relations with patients. The study focuses on the rights of patients and the rights and duties of nurses working in a general hospital and in the community. The 'information standard' is introduced, consisting of three conceptions: informed consent, informed referral and informed discharge. In-depth interviews have been conducted with patients (n = 11) and nurses (n = 22) to elucidate views on and personal experience of the admission and discharge process, in relation to the information standard. The interviews have been analysed by means of qualitative research methods. The results show that patients did not complain about the admission and discharge process, and that they were not informed about the information exchange between nurses working in hospital and in the community. In addition, community nurses were often not informed about a patient's admission to hospital. Nursing programmes for home care were arranged by community nurses and hospital nurses without co-ordination, resulting in unsuitable nursing care.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

The Norwegian, Danish and Dutch version of the Appraisal of Self-care Agency Scale; comparing reliability aspects.

This study was designed to test reliability aspects of a scale that was developed to measure the theoretical concept of self-care agency (Orem 1985). Equivalence and internal consistency of the scale were studied with populations of elderly patients and their nurses in The Netherlands, Norway and Denmark. Data was provided by 120 patients and 233 nurses. Not all criteria for reliability could be met for the Danish and the Norwegian versions of the scale. Nevertheless it is concluded that the results are indications for the reliability of the Dutch, as well as the Danish and Norwegian versions of the scale.

Denmark↗
PubMed1990

Male and female nurses in intensive-care wards in The Netherlands.

This article presents the results of a national survey among intensive-care nurses, establishing whether male nurses and female nurses can be distinguished with respect to issues such as professionalization, career orientation and their preference for technical departments. The study showed that there is an over-representation of men in technical wards. At IC/CC-units the percentage of male nurses is twice as large as in the hospital as a whole (IC/CCU included). The distribution of labour among male and female nurses is taking place according to traditional sex-specific role patterns. Male nurses are more oriented towards professionalization than female nurses. Male IC-nurses see their jobs more in a medical perspective and they also show a higher frequency in the performance of medically reserved activities. Male IC-nurses seem to be particularly directed at upgrading their own profession. The differences between male and female nurses can also be explained by culturally determined differences between men and women regarding their own career perspective and career development, as well as by internal staff policy.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

[Job satisfaction of physicians in academic and general hospitals].

Based on a study of 20 medical departments (general surgery, internal medicine, radiology) an analysis is presented of variables which may account for differences in work satisfaction. The results show: (a) (experienced) work load correlates negatively with work satisfaction; (b) satisfied physicians define their medical domain more broadly than dissatisfied physicians. Besides, they do not regard their salary as an important aspect of their work. In general, radiologists are most satisfied with their work, internists least; medical specialists are more satisfied than residents. In the discussion it is argued that hospital physicians prefer regularity in their work, combined with a professional work climate. In terms of the growing bureaucratization of the physician's work it is concluded that satisfaction is positively influenced by standardization of work processes and negatively by external pressures which limit professional autonomy.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1989

The influence of consensus on the assessment of physical disease in chronic community psychiatric patients.

Physical disease is a frequent concomitant of mental disease. The majority of chronic psychiatric patients have physical complaints. Screening physical disease on a regular basis in an ambulatory setting for chronic psychiatric patients is often impossible if only for lack of medical manpower and facilities. Especially for the nonmedical personnel of a community psychiatric unit (CPU) for chronic patients, approaching and handling physical complaints and diseases poses a formidable problem. This paper addresses the issue of screening physical disease from a completely different viewpoint than that of the often advocated but just as often infeasible routine physical examination and laboratory workup. It is argued that consensus (i.e., agreement and mutual understanding) between patient and therapist on the physical well-being of the patient may increase the accuracy with which a CPU therapist, irrespective of his/her discipline, assesses physical disease. This hypothesis was tested in a sample of 156 chronic ambulatory psychiatric patients. Consensus between patient and CPU therapist was measured by means of a questionnaire. The CPU therapist assessment on physical disease in both the consensus and no consensus group was compared with those of two external medical observers; the patients' general practitioner and a specialist in internal medicine, who followed a protocolized physical screening procedure. The results tend to support the proposed hypothesis. Replication of this study using a larger samples is recommended in order to confirm the value of consensus in the assessment of physical disease in at least some subgroups of chronic ambulatory psychiatric patients and for the implications that consensus could have for daily community psychiatric practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Physical illness in chronic psychiatric patients from a community psychiatric unit. The implications for daily practice.

The prevalence and significance of physical diseases, and health-care-seeking behaviour, were examined in a sample of 218 chronic psychiatric patients from an urban community psychiatric unit. Only 14% declined medical screening. Of the respondents, 53% had one or more probable or certain physical diseases warranting further medical attention. The majority of the diseases found were minor and typical of primary care problems. A severe (i.e. life-threatening) disease was present in 7% of respondents. Of the patients, 87% visited their GP at least once a year. The implications are that frequent consultation with primary care specialists and health-care-seeking behaviour should be noted, and included in any evaluation of the medical needs of chronic patients in community psychiatric care.

Community Mental Health Centers↗
PubMed1986

Pattern of injury in handball and comparison of injured versus noninjured handball players.

A questionnaire was sent to 300 members (at random) of the Dutch Handball Association (response: 76%) (1) to study the injuries involved in handball and the resulting medical attention and (2) to compare injured versus non-injured players with respect to sex, age, somatotype, and sports participation. Group A was defined as players taking part in handball only (62%); 38% also regularly took part in other sports (group B). The male/female ratio in group B was approximately 4 times larger than in group A. The results showed that 51% of all players sustained at least one injury during handball in 1 year. The ratio of injuries/all players in our study did not differ much from the level in a comparable Danish study, 0.82 and 0.71, respectively. Nearly 60% of all handball injuries were localized in the lower compared with only 30% in the upper extremities. A general practitioner was consulted in nearly 40% of the injuries. Within group A, relatively more males were injured and also more frequently compared with females. Injuries in females did not differ from all injuries with respect to localization and medical attention. After comparison of injured versus noninjured players, we conclude that the role of somatotype is not elucidated and that sex and the number of sports might play an important role in the etiology of handball injuries, whereas age is only of minor importance.

Adolescent↗