PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Popper

Publications and source records attributed to H Popper.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Beneficial effect of azathioprine and prediction of prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Final results of an international trial.

The effect of azathioprine on survival of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis was studied prospectively in a multinational, double-blind, randomized clinical trial including 248 patients of whom 127 received azathioprine and 121 placebo. There were 57 deaths in the azathioprine group and 62 in the placebo group. The actual survival was slightly longer during azathioprine than during placebo treatment. Using Cox multiple regression analysis and adjusting for slight imbalance between the two treatment groups, the therapeutic effect of azathioprine was statistically significant (p = 0.01), with azathioprine reducing the risk of dying to 59% of that observed during placebo treatment (95% confidence interval 40%-90%) or improving survival time by 20 mo in the average patient. Furthermore, azathioprine slowed down progressing incapacitation. Side effects of azathioprine were relatively few. The analysis revealed that the following five variables independently implied poor prognosis: high serum bilirubin, old age, cirrhosis, low serum albumin, and central cholestasis. These factors were combined to a "prognostic index" for prediction of outcome in new patients. The index was validated on independent patient data. On the basis of these results we recommend azathioprine as a routine treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1985

Problems in the differential diagnosis of Kartagener's syndrome and ATP-ase deficiency.

Two cases of Kartagener's syndrome with a partial loss of the dynein arms and the central spokes within the cilia are presented. In light microscopic examination the predominant cell types were mast cells within the stroma and the epithelium and plasma cells and lymphocytes in the stroma. The reaction for the magnesium-activated ATP-ase located in the apical cytoplasm of ciliated cells was negative in one case and slightly positive in the same case on year later; in our second case, the ATP-ase reaction was variable, slightly to moderately positive, in the same biopsy. Besides the dynein arm defect this is a second defect of another ATP-ase, located in the apical region of the ciliated and mucus producing epithelial cells. Based on histological examination of nasal mucosal biopsies a differential diagnosis has been established for Kartagener's syndrome, the more common cystic fibrosis and the relative frequent allergic rhinitis.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1985

A study of liver biopsies and liver disease among hemophiliacs.

Hepatic histologic materials (biopsy or autopsy) and associated clinical data from 155 hemophiliacs were collected by an ad hoc hemophilia study group and analyzed retrospectively in an effort to determine the spectrum of liver disease in this population and to examine the relationship between the severity of liver disease and treatment history. Clinical information on the frequency of complications from 126 biopsies in 115 hemophilic patients provided a unique opportunity to assess the safety of liver biopsy in such patients. The incidence of cirrhosis (15%) and chronic active hepatitis (7%) was lower than previously reported. The frequency of severe liver disease (chronic active hepatitis or cirrhosis) in patients receiving large pooled concentrates was no greater than in patients treated principally with cryoprecipitate or plasma. The risks of liver biopsy in this setting are relatively high: clinically significant hemorrhage followed 12.5% of the procedures.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1979

Hepatic angiosarcoma associated with androgenic-anabolic steroids.

A retrospective epidemiological study of deaths from hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) in the U.S. showed that during 1964--74 there were 168 such cases, of which 37 (22%) were associated with previously known causes (vinyl chloride, 'Thorotrast', and inorganic arsenic) and 4 (3.1%) of the remaining 131 cases with the use of androgenic-anabolic steroids. It is suggested that the long-term use of androgenic-anabolic steroids is the fourth cause of HAS, the majority of cases still being of unknown aetiology. Moreover, the presented cases serve as a link in a spectrum of hepatic disorders recently recognised to be caused by environmental agents such as vinyl chloride, arsenic, and thorotrast, and by contraceptive and anabolic steroids. Similar precursor stages, usually not recognised by clinical laboratory tests and consisting of areas of hyperplasia of hepatocytes and sinusoidal cells and sinusoidal dilatation, lead potentially to hepatic adenoma, carcinoma, peliosis, and angiosarcoma.

Androstanes↗
PubMed1979

Cytoplasmic copper and its toxic effects. Studies in Indian childhood cirrhosis.

Morphological, histochemical, and chemical study of three necropsy specimens of liver in the terminal stage of Indian Childhood Cirrhosis revealed a strikingly high copper content. it is proposed that excess accumulation of copper in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes disturbs the microtubular system, causing hydropic swelling and the formation of Mallory's hyalin. Copper and copper-binding protein showed topographical association with Mallory's hyalin. Diffuse cytoplasmic staining and the lysosomal copper distribution also suggested that copper had a cytotoxic effect. The pattern of copper distribution in Indian Childhood Cirrhosis differs from that in Wilson's disease and in prolonged cholestasis with excessive hepatic copper deposition, indicating a different mechanism of the copper accumulation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Injury and repair of liver cells.

Alterations in hepatocytes, progressing to necrosis, are the morphologic basis for the main clinical manifestations and aberrations in hepatic test results in acute and chronic liver disease. The light-microscopic manifestations of hepatocellular injury, the mechanisms of necrosis, the light-microscopic features of repair and regeneration, and the applications of histologic alterations to the management and prognosis of liver disease are reviewed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

Veno-occlusive disease of the liver after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: possible association with graft-versus-host disease.

Acute veno-occlusive disease of the liver developed in seven of 29 patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation for treatment of leukemia, aplastic anemia, or disseminated carcinomatosis. All seven died despite successful marrow engraftment. Hepatic failure was the principal cause of death in four and contributory in three. The veno-occlusive disease did not relate to the nature of the pretransplant immunosuppressive regimen, since it occurred in patients receiving irradiation alone, chemotherapy alone, or both. Twenty-two of the patients were autopsied. Among these, the lesion was found in seven of 11 in whom a graft-versus-host reaction developed but in none of the 11 without such a reaction who had received similar pretransplant immunosuppression (P less than 0.025). Hence, acute veno-occlusive disease of the liver appears to be a complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation related to the development of a graft-versus-host reaction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Distribution of five antigens in hepatocellular carcinoma.

A variety of antigens may be detected in the serum of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence and distribution of five antigens in 37 HCC and their relation to each other in a given tumor was examined by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. alpha 1-Antitrypsin was frequently expressed in HCC (73 per cent of cases), whereas alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen were less common. HBsAg, but not HBcAg, was observed in tumor cells in seven of nine HCC from HBsAg-positive patients. In 20 HCC (54 per cent), two or more antigens, most frequently alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha-fetoprotein, were detected. Double staining for simultaneous localization of two antigens in the same tissue section revealed that different antigens were usually present in different tumor cells, although some cells displayed two antigens simultaneously. These findings suggest that hepatocellular carcinoma cells are functionally heterogeneous, even if they appear histologically monomorphic.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗