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Biomedical subjects

H Römer

Publications and source records attributed to H Römer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Alagille syndrome. Apropos 3 cases].

The clinical, biochemical, and histopathological characteristics of three patients who had jaundice and other findings suggestive of the syndrome are reported. Studies showed the presence of hypoplasia of the intrahepatic biliary ducts associated with facial, vertebral, cardiovascular, and eye abnormalities and a delay in the weight-height development. This group of abnormalities establish the Alagille syndrome, an entity which has not, until now, been extensively studied in our country.

Alagille Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic caustic esophagitis in childhood. A functional study].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the motor function of the esophagus in patients with chronic caustic esophagitis. We evaluated 7 patients between 2 and 10 years of age, who had ingested caustics between 15 months and 3 years of age. The method we used was radiology with fluoroscopy vision and manometry. There was no correlation between radiologic and manometric findings. Esophageal transit was normal in all patients, even in those that had small stenosis while manometry showed motor disfunction in patients with severe esophageal damage.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The usefulness of biofeedback in children with encopresis. A preliminary report].

Children with encopresis (costiveness) have a social problem, and (BFB) offers them a valid therapeutic alternative. The present prospective study compares the advantages of this technique with conventional treatment in 21 patients, with average ages of 10.13 and 8.54 years in each group. The patients were studied by clinical, manometric and electromyographic parameters. Those treated with BFB showed clinical improvement, with manometric significant enhancement (p < 0.001) of the percentage of internal anal sphincter (IAE) relaxation, relaxation interval of the IAE and rectal sensation threshold (RST), on the other hand, patients treated by conventional therapy only improved the RST (p < 0.01). Biofeedback seems useful in the treatment of the child with encopresis.

Anal Canal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The pH of feces in children with acute diarrhea during the first hours of oral rehydration].

We studied 108 children between 3 and 36 months of age with acute diarrhea and dehydration when their diarrhea continued more than 24 hours following initiation of ORT and in whom we measured pH and glucose of stools with strips in all evacuations. According to the average stool pH and glucose in the first six hours, the patients were grouped in pH < or = 5.5 and > 5.5 and a glucose < or = 1+ and > 1+. The pH of stools < or = 5.5 increased significantly (P < or = .0005) in children between > 6-12 hours and by 48 hours, it was similar to those with an initial average pH 6.6 Stool glucose declined considerably between > 12 and 24 hours. Contrary to what we expected to find, children with pH > 5.5 excreted more stools and had a higher ORT intake in the first 24 hours. The systematic studies of pH and glucose of stools did not appear to be useful for children with acute diarrhea who had a satisfactory evolution.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Predictive value of ultrasonography in portal hypertension].

Portal hypertension is a common pathology in childhood and one of its most common causes is cavernomatosis of the portal vein. This obstruction causes hemodynamic changes which lead to splenomegaly and collateral circulation. Esophageal varices are one of the most important sequelae, which endanger the patient's life because of a bleeding tendency. Ecosonography helps to detect the thickening of the lesser omentum vis a vis the aortic diameter, caused by the collateral circulation. We studied 15 children presenting with portal hypertension resulting from portal vein cavernomatosis; we performed an upper GI endoscopy and abdominal ecosonography. The endoscopy revealed grade II esophageal varices in 20% of cases, the remaining 80% had grade III and grade IV. Ecosonography revealed an increased lesser omentum/aorta ratio in children with portal hypertension, compared to controls (p < 0.001). Our results suggest that the lesser omentum/aorta ratio has diagnostic value in pediatric portal hypertension.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Perinatal prevalence of HBsHg: preliminary results of a pilot study].

Hepatitis B surface antigen was determined by EIA in the serum of 284 women at the end of their pregnancy. They belonged to the lower socio-economical status of the cities of Caracas and Valencia in Venezuela. In Caracas (Petare) all were negative, in Valencia, 5 of 150 (3.3%) resulted positive.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Achalasia in children].

Achalasia is a pathology which was first described more than 300 years ago, it is relatively rare in children. Four cases of childhood achalasia were studied in children admitted to the J. M. de los Ríos Hospital during the period January, 1971 to June, 1990. The clinical presentation was characterized by progressive dysphagia to solids and liquids, regurgitations, weight loss and in certain cases, a moist cough, predominantly nocturnal. The diagnostic workup carried out included radiological, endoscopic and manometric studies. They were helpful to diagnose the following positive signs: esophageal dilation with alteration of motility and a small caliber cardio-esophageal junction, in addition to an elevation of the inferior esophageal sphincteric pressure with non-peristaltic esophageal contractions. The Starck dilator was used to create a mechanical disruption of the muscle fibers of the inferior esophageal sphincter. The procedure improved the clinical symptoms, lowered the inferior esophageal sphincteric pressure leading to adequate pondostatural progress and a satisfactory evolution.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biliary ascaridiasis in children. Ultrasonic diagnosis].

Ascariasis is one of the most frequent intestinal parasitosis of man, specially in tropical regions where it affects mostly children. The adult worm can migrate through the ampulla of vater and penetrate the bile ducts producing different degrees of obstruction and infection. Ultrasonography is a rapid and simple non invasive procedure very effective for the visualization of the worm in the biliary tree. We present the clinical and ultrasonographic characteristic of biliary ascariasis in five children diagnosed by ultrasonography in our institution during the last nine years.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparative study of nitrogen, lipids and energy loss through the feces in children dehydrated by acute diarrhea due to rotavirus and other agents].

With a view to observing if gastroenteritis to rotavirus produced greater carbohydrate malabsorption, we studied 94 male infants, between three and thirty six months of age, with acute diarrhea and dehydration. The metabolic study included the analysis of every intake and excretion during the first 24 hours of oral rehydration and realimentation. Thirty two infants had rotavirus as the single etiological agent, but in numbers it could only be compared to 35 patients in whom we were unable to establish the causal etiological agent of diarrhea in spite of the application of all the usual techniques. No differences were noted with regard to stool and urine losses, nor nutrient intakes of the groups. The present study does not confirm the observation reported in other papers that diarrhea to rotavirus causes a greater loss of carbohydrates.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Usefulness of colonoscopy in the diagnosis of colonic diseases in childhood].

We present here our experience in colonoscopy performed in 93 children between 1984-1988 at hospital J. M. de los Ríos de Caracas. Mean age was 5.44 y/o and the range was 2-13 y/o. Rectal bleeding in 91.36% of the cases was the most common indication of the procedure. Rectal and sigmoid polyps were found in 24.73%. Vascular malformations in 16.13%, studies informs as normal 13.98% and ulcerative colitis in 10.75% No complications were observed so we can suggest colonoscopy as the first tool in diagnosis and treatment of the colonic pathology in children of any age.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of three dietary treatments upon the histopathology of jejunal biopsies of children with chronic diarrhea.

Thirty two children with chronic diarrhea of unknown etiology were prospectively investigated in a special hospitalization unit. They were all under 5 percentile for weight/height (NCHS). They had no edema and their age range was between three and eighteen months. The patients were given cow's milk and following the first jejunal biopsy they were fed one of three different diets as their only intake for a period of 15 days. The diets consisted of cow's milk and of two semi-elemental diets with different carbohydrate compositions. A second biopsy was taken at the conclusion of the specific diet. The jejunal biopsies were taken with a Crosby capsule just after the duodenal-jejunal junction and were analyzed by light microscopy. The morphological changes before and after 15 days of dietary treatment were evaluated. The children on semi-elemental diets showed a marked reduction of the number of interepithelial lymphocytes, and of lymphocytes in lamina propria. The infants on cow's milk showed no improvement. Our results suggest that cow's milk could be the cause of the persistent mucosal alterations observed in these infants.

Animals↗