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H Repo

Publications and source records attributed to H Repo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte function and previous yersinia arthritis: correlation of enhanced superoxide production with late manifestations.

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) functions (migration in vitro, chemiluminescence, O-2 production, and aggregation) were studied in 32 patients with previous yersinia arthritis (YA). PMNs of 11 HLA-B27 positive patients who had chronic or recurrent inflammatory symptoms showed O-2 production significantly higher than that of PMNs of 11 HLA-B27 positive patients without late manifestations. Also, PMNs of both HLA-B27 positive and negative patients tended to show chemotactic and chemokinetic migration rates higher than those of control cells of healthy HLA-B27 negative subjects. These functional aberrations may play a part in the development of the patients' inflammatory symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Phagocyte function in reactive arthritis.

The pathogenesis of reactive arthritis is multifactorial. The possible pathogenetic mechanisms include the role of microbial antigens which cross-react with the host tissue or trigger cytotoxic immune response. In addition an exaggerated inflammatory response of the host may contribute to the clinical picture of the acute arthritis and its late sequels. In this review, we present data showing that HLA-B27 positive subjects show enhanced neutrophil (PMN) migration and their sera support PMN migration more than HLA-B27 negative sera. Enhanced PMN function is persistent in patients with previous severe reactive arthritis or with late inflammatory sequels. In addition to hyperreactive PMNs, monocytes from patients with previous yersinia arthritis, but also from healthy HLA-B27 positive subjects, respond to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide by enhanced production of inflammatory monokines compared with HLA-B27 negative healthy controls. Thus, hyperreactive phagocytes can contribute to the severe inflammatory complications seen in patients with reactive arthritis. The primed phagocytes can also respond vigorously when stimulated either with endogenous mediators of inflammation or with endotoxin released during a new infection or as a sequel of change in the mucosal permeability described in patients with spondyloarthropathy.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1988

[Erythema nodosum].

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Erythema Nodosum↗
PubMed1988

Neutrophil migration in vivo and in vitro in healthy neutropenic subjects.

Migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) was studied in six healthy subjects with neutropenia (peripheral blood neutrophil count less than or equal to 1.5 X 10(9)/1). Determined as migration differentials, chemotactic and chemokinetic responsiveness tended to be higher in the neutropenic group. Despite this slight tendency to increased responsiveness in vitro, migration in vivo proceeded more slowly in the neutropenic group than in the control group: at 12 hours the leukocyte counts in the skin chamber media were significantly lower, whereas at 24 hours they were nearly normal. Our results show that PMN migration in healthy neutropenic subjects is different from that in healthy non-neutropenic subjects. These differences should be taken into account in the evaluation of the role of aberrant PMN migration in the development of infectious episodes in a neutropenic patient.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1988

Production of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 1 by monocytes of patients with previous Yersinia arthritis.

We studied production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) by using purified peripheral blood monocytes of patients with previous yersinia arthritis (YA) and of healthy HLA-B27 positive and negative controls. Lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells of HLA-B27 positive and negative patients, and those of HLA-B27 positive controls, generated significantly more TNF than did HLA-B27 negative control cells. There was a positive correlation between the levels of TNF and IL-1. Our results give credence to the view that augmented production of phlogistic mediators may contribute to inflammatory symptoms in patients with HLA-B27 associated disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prenatal diagnosis of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Prenatal diagnosis of X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) was performed with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis using probes flanking the gene. The male fetus and an affected male displayed the same haplotype for RFLPs belonging to six linked loci extending from DXS164 to DXS7, which encompass the CGD locus, and for which the mother was heterozygous. Diagnosis of an affected fetus was confirmed after termination of the pregnancy by the study of fetal granulocytes using the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test. In informative families prenatal diagnosis of CGD can be made earlier by RFLP analysis than by fetal blood sampling.

DNA↗
PubMed1987

Superoxide dismutase isoenzymes, glutathione peroxidase and selenium in blood from HLA-B27-positive and -negative subjects.

We studied the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoenzymes (CuZnSOD, cyanide-resistant MnSOD and extracellular SOD), the concentration of plasma selenium (P-Se), and the activities of CuZnSOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) in erythrocytes of 10 HLA-B27-positive and 10 HLA-B27-negative subjects whose sera had shown high and low chemokinetic activity, respectively, on migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in vitro. No significant difference was found between the groups, suggesting that the enhanced chemokinetic activity of HLA-B27-positive sera does not derive from an aberration in serum anti-oxidant potentials. The results were also analysed on the basis of HLA-DR specificities; HLA-DR4-positive plasma samples had significantly lower levels of Se than HLA-DR4-negative ones. We therefore carried out a second series of experiments with sera of 37 subjects; the levels of P-Se in HLA-DR4-positive and -negative groups were much the same, as were the activities of GSHPx. The data suggest that there is no gross aberration in P-Se concentration in HLA-DR4-positive subjects.

Chemotaxis, Leukocyte↗
PubMed1987

Antibody- and complement-dependent cell injury assayed by 51Cr release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells pretreated with lipopolysaccharide.

Exposure of human peripheral blood mononuclear (MN) cells to deesterified (alkali-treated) lipopolysaccharide (LPS-OH) and then to 51Cr rendered the cells susceptible to 51Cr release in the presence of specific antibody and complement. The assay was optimized by using rough (Rb2 or Re) LPS. 51Cr release did not occur from cells preexposed to untreated or electrodialyzed LPS. Studies of isolated monocytes and lymphocytes revealed that the majority of the 51Cr released was derived from monocytes. The optimum concentration of LPS-OH was 10 micrograms/ml. Antiyersinia agglutinin-positive serum, but not a negative serum, obtained from patients with reactive yersinia arthritis caused 51Cr release from MN cells pretreated with yersinia LPS-OH. This implies that during yersinia infection antibodies are generated that can attack the cell membrane--LPS-OH complex. We conclude that the method provides a tool to demonstrate binding of LPS to MN cells in a manner that leads to cell injury in an immune host.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte function and previous yersinia arthritis: enhanced chemokinetic migration and oxygen radical production correlate with the severity of the acute disease.

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) functions (migration in vitro, chemiluminescence, O-2 production, binding of chemotactic peptide, and aggregation) were studied in HLA-B27 positive patients with previous yersinia arthritis (YA). PMNs of patients whose disease had been severe showed chemokinetic and chemiluminescence responses significantly higher than the PMNs of those with a mild disease. The results support the view that enhanced PMN function contributes to inflammatory symptoms in patients with YA.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Defects in phagocytic functions.

Phagocytic cells play a critical role in host defence against bacterial infections, often seen as frequent infectious episodes in patients with granulocytopenia, a quantitative phagocytic disorder encountered not infrequently in clinical practice, and in the more rare patients who have a clinically significant qualitative disorder, i.e., a normal number of phagocytes but defects in phagocyte function. In addition to infective agents, phagocytes can be activated by noninfectious structures such as immune complexes. In either case, phagocyte activation, also, inevitably results in destruction of the host's own tissues. Consequently, the degree of phagocyte activity is a double-edged sword: hypoactivity renders the host susceptible to infections while hyperactivity leads to undue phagocyte-mediated tissue injury. This review will discuss the physiology and qualitative defects, including hypoactivity, hyperactivity and inappropriate activation of phagocyte function, as well as the management of the patients.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1987

Aberrant phagocyte function in Shwachman syndrome.

Polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) of patients with Shwachman syndrome show impaired mobility in vitro. We took this finding a step further by studying chemotaxis and chemiluminescence responses of purified PMN and monocytes (MO) of seven patients with Shwachman syndrome. Chemiluminescence responses of the patients' PMN were significantly increased, and thus impaired mobility may have derived from auto-oxidation of PMN. Chemotaxis of purified PMN was not impaired in a membrane filter, but it did become impaired when PMN were remixed with autologous mononuclear (MN) cells or MO. These cells always increased the migration of PMN. Because the patients' cells were fully capable of increasing the migration of control PMN, the defect most probably involved PMN. This is in harmony with the finding that the patients' purified PMN showed depressed chemotaxis under agarose. This suggests that for detecting impaired chemotaxis of purified PMN the assay conditions were more optimal in the agarose test than in the filter test. Both chemotaxis and chemiluminescence responses of the patients' MO were depressed, and thus, the defects involving PMN and MO are separate.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1986

Immune function in patients with previous yersinia arthritis: lymphocyte responses to PHA and Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I.

Evidence has accumulated that, first, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and humoral factors such as fragments of complement components may regulate immune response, and second, PMN function is enhanced in HLA-B27-positive subjects. We therefore used a whole-blood culture technique to study lymphocyte proliferation in response to phytohaemagglutinin-P (PHA) in blood samples obtained from patients with previous yersinia arthritis and from healthy subjects with or without HLA-B27. In another series of experiments, mononuclear cells were separated from peripheral blood and lymphocyte responses to Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I, a B-cell mitogen in fetal calf serum, and to PHA in pooled normal human serum were determined. The patients and the control subjects were always tested simultaneously. The results showed no significant differences between the subject groups. This suggests that humoral factors and enhanced neutrophil function do not exert remarkable effects on in vitro lymphocyte responses to mitogens in HLA-B27-positive subjects.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1986

Yersinia arthritis, immune functions and histocompatibility antigens.

Secondary immune response to tetanus toxoid (TT), monocyte function, and generation of suppressor cells were studied in patients with previous yersinia arthritis (YA) and healthy controls. A comparison of HLA-B27 positive and negative subjects revealed that leukocytes from the former showed significantly higher responses to TT but not to a variety of other antigens in a lymphocyte proliferation test, and higher rates of migration in a leukocyte migration inhibition assay in the absence of TT. The enhanced migration of leukocytes supports the concept that hyper-reactive neutrophils contribute to inflammatory symptoms in HLA-B27 positive subjects, irrespective of previous YA. No correlation was found between HLA-DR specificities and YA. However, HLA-DR2/HLA-B7 was associated with high suppressor cell activity and low serum levels of anti-TT-antibodies. This accords with the view that HLA-DR antigens play a role in the regulation of immune response.

Adult↗