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Biomedical subjects

H Resnick

Publications and source records attributed to H Resnick.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Alcohol drinking problems among New York City residents after the September 11 terrorist attacks.

Recent studies have shown an increase in alcohol use in New York City in the months after the September 11 terrorist attacks; thus far there have been no studies documenting changes in drinking problems. In 2002, a random digit dial phone survey was conducted of residents of New York City. This study provided us with estimates of the prevalence of alcohol drinking problems among residents of New York City 6 months after September 11 compared with the 6 months before September 11. Among 1,570 adults, the prevalence of drinking problems was 3.7% in the 6 months before September 11 and 4.2% in the 6 months after September 11. The incidence of drinking problems among those without drinking problems before September 11 was 2.2%. Persons with incident drinking problems were more likely than those without to report symptoms consistent with posttraumatic stress disorder (17.4% vs. 0.4% in those without drinking problems and 1.4% in nondrinkers), and depression (23.5% vs 5.6% vs. 4.9%, respectively) after September 11. After a disaster, a link between drinking problems and posttraumatic stress disorder or depression should be assessed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Rape and physical violence: comparison of assault characteristics in older and younger adults in the National Women's Study.

This study compared characteristics of recently occurring assaults against younger adults (age 18-34 years) with those of distant-past assaults against older adults (age 55-89 years) when they were younger. Responses of a subset of participants in the National Women's Study were the source of data for this study. With the exception of perceived life threat during assault (more prevalent in younger women), assault characteristics did not vary greatly by age in terms of proportions reporting that they had seen the perpetrator before; the event was one in a series; they or the perpetrator were under the influence of a substance; they actually experienced injury; and they reported the assault to authorities. Consistent with previous research, younger women reported greater prevalences of assault than older women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Impact of childhood rape and aggravated assault on adult mental health.

Associations among childhood assault (rape, aggravated assault, or both) and indices of adult mental health (posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive episode) were examined in a national probability sample of 4,008 (weighted) women. Relationships among assault characteristics and these adult mental health indices were also investigated. Findings suggested particularly deleterious effects for childhood aggravated assault and rapes that caused additional physical injury.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Emergency evaluation and intervention with female victims of rape and other violence.

Given the high prevalence of crime within the general population and the increased rates of victimization among those seeking medical care, professionals who work in emergency departments, primary care medical facilities, or mental health settings need to be prepared to address physical and psychological problems related to sexual and physical assault. In this paper, interpersonal violence prevalence studies are reviewed in terms of study design and findings for sexual assault and physical assault. Common injuries following both forms of assault are documented, followed by a review of long-term medical outcomes. In addition to a review of physical health outcomes, primary psychological effects of violence are also reviewed. Strategies with which to screen for interpersonal violence in the medical setting are offered, and issues related to mandatory reporting are summarized. Interventions for assault victims that can be implemented in the medical setting are outlined, and a new hospital-based treatment for victims of rape is described.

Crisis Intervention↗
PubMed2000

Assault, PTSD, family substance use, and depression as risk factors for cigarette use in youth: findings from the National Survey of Adolescents.

A national household probability sample of 4,023 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years was surveyed by telephone via structured clinical interview to determine the impact of familial substance use, sexual and physical assault, witnessed violence, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on risk of smoking. Results indicated that familial substance use increased risk of smoking only for boys and sexual assault or depression increased risk of smoking only for girls. Age, Caucasian ethnicity, and experiencing physical assault or witnessing violence elevated risk of current cigarette use for both genders. By contrast, PTSD per se was not associated with increased risk of smoking, after the effects of other variables were controlled.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Relative effects of asbestos and wollastonite on alveolar macrophages.

Rabbit alveolar macrophages were exposed in culture to chrysotile asbestos, wollastonite, or latex, and the effects on various biochemical and physiological parameters related to cellular viability and fibrogenicity were determined. Exposure of alveolar macrophages to asbestos, wollastonite, or latex for 3 d has no effect on oxygen consumption or cellular volume. However, treatment of alveolar macrophages with as little as 25 micrograms asbestos/ml for 1 d increases lysosomal enzyme release and decreases membrane integrity, i.e., decreases trypan blue exclusion and increases leakage of cytosolic enzymes. In contrast, exposure of alveolar macrophages to wollastonite or latex at 250 micrograms/ml does not induce lysosomal enzyme release or alter membrane integrity even after 3 d of exposure in culture. These data suggest that chrysotile asbestos damages rabbit alveolar macrophages, while wollastonite, a potential substitute for asbestos, is far less cytotoxic.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Tripeptide analysis of collagen synthesized by silica-exposed fibroblast cultures.

The effect of silica on collagen biosynthesis by confluent monolayers of WI-38 fibroblast cultures was examined by a more comprehensive method of analysis. The presence of the particulates had no direct effect on protein (collagen) synthesis, proline incorporation or prolyl hydroxylase activity; the latter is determined by the degree of hydroxylation. Silica, however, was highly toxic to the cells.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1982

The physical environment and social welfare.

Besides providing shelter and space for organized work and play, the physical environment symbolically communicates important information about the attributes and tasks of social systems and about the dynamics of individuals operating within those systems. The environment also influences the behavior of system participants.

Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMed1978

Tasks in changing the organization from within (COFW).

This paper, after introducing the reader to some basic components of COFW, attempts to provide for the potential change catalyst in the human services organization more specific guidelines for action than are found in previously published material in this subfield. These guidelines are in the form of tasks--analytical and interactional. The analytical tasks discussed are: (a) goal determination--what the change shall be; (b) resistance assessment--who and what may be potential obstacles to this change; and (c) strategy selection--which guidelines or strategies may be utilized to achieve the change goal. Of the many interactional tasks in an organizational change project, two major ones are presented and explored: (a) developing the action system, and (b) meeting with the administrators for decision making.

Decision Making↗