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Biomedical subjects

H Richardson

Publications and source records attributed to H Richardson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Catheter aspiration for simple pneumothorax.

A prospective study was conducted in the emergency setting to determine the efficacy of treatment of simple pneumothorax by catheter aspiration. Patients who were successfully treated were discharged to home. Sixty-one patients with a total of 76 pneumothoraces were involved in the study. The overall success rate was 75.6%, with an 82% success rate for needle-induced, 75% for traumatic, and 45% for spontaneous pneumothorax. The duration of symptoms, the size of the pneumothorax, the patient's age, and a prior history of pneumothorax did not affect the outcome. The poorest results were noted with spontaneous pneumothoraces, as would be expected since a majority of these patients have preexistent lung disease. Catheter aspiration of simple pneumothorax offers a cost-effective approach to this clinical problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Implementing swing-bed services in small rural hospitals.

Since 1983, twenty-six small rural hospitals in five states have been developing models of the "swing-bed" concept as part of a coordinated national demonstration project. Based on the experiences of these hospitals, swing-bed programs use excess hospital capacity to provide short-term, post-acute care in rural communities where there are nursing home shortages, and, thus, help avoid the need for new nursing home construction. The availability of swing-bed services in rural hospitals has allowed the elderly patient to receive a full-range of long-term care services within the community to avoid transfer to a nursing home outside the community. Introduction of services also has improved patient care for all hospitalized elderly. Finally, the revenue from the swing-bed services has helped to stabilize small, rural hospitals faced with declining utilization. The demonstration has provided evidence that the swing-bed program has the potential to deliver a needed service to the rural elderly while contributing to the preservation of the small, rural hospital as a valuable community resource.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Staphylococcal resistance to aminoglycosides before and after introduction of amikacin in two teaching hospitals.

A prospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of aminoglycoside-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci before and after the introduction of amikacin as the sole aminoglycoside used in our burn unit, adult intensive care unit, and neonatal intensive care unit. Pharyngeal or endotracheal cultures, as well as superficial surveillance cultures, were collected weekly during the following four study periods: all units for 4 months before amikacin introduction, all units 4 to 8 months after, all units 12 to 13 months after, and the neonatal intensive care unit 30 months after. A total of 2,613 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci and 316 strains of S. aureus were obtained from 916 patients. During the course of the study, amikacin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci increased from 0 to 22%, colonizing 43% of patients, whereas no amikacin-resistant S. aureus was detected. During the preamikacin survey, 68% of the coagulase-negative staphylococci and 12% of the S. aureus strains were resistant to tobramycin and gentamicin. This resistance did not decrease after amikacin was introduced. Initially, 83% of the aminoglycoside-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci were resistant to both tobramycin and gentamicin. During the last surveillance this value dropped to 40%, and 48% of the strains had become resistant to all three aminoglycosides. Resistance to aminoglycosides, including amikacin, develops quickly in coagulase-negative staphylococci from clinical areas where these antimicrobial agents are widely used. However, aminoglycoside resistance in S. aureus is much less frequent.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Bare silica as a reverse-phase stationary phase: liquid chromatographic separation of antihistamines with buffered aqueous organic mobile phases.

Unbonded silica gel is an effective support for reverse-phase liquid chromatographic separations of lipophilic amines. Simple buffered aqueous-organic mobile phases provide rapid isocratic separations of antihistamines. Phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide are separated in 8 min on bare silica with a mobile phase of 75% methanol and 25% water which is 0.01 M in (NH4)2HPO4. Quantitation is reproducible. A wide variety of additional compounds may be separated using the same mobile phase.

Chromatography, Liquid↗
PubMed1982

Serologic diagnosis of bone and joint tuberculosis by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Sera from patients receiving treatment for active bone and joint tuberculosis and sera from patients with inactive bone and joint tuberculosis were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody to antigen 6, a homogeneous protein prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Ra by immunosorbent affinity chromatography. Sera from 21 control subjects had a geometric mean titer of 1:6 with no difference between tuberculin purified protein derivative-positive and -negative patients. Sera from 20 patients with inactive disease had a geometric mean titer of 1:19. Fifteen patients receiving treatment for M. tuberculosis infection had a geometric mean titer of 1:179, which is significantly different from the geometric mean titers of both of the patients with inactive tuberculosis (P less than 0.001) and the control subjects (P less than 0.001). At a cut-off titer of 1:32, the sensitivity of the assay is 94% and the specificity for the control subjects and patients with inactive disease was 100%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A trial comparing cefaclor with co-trimoxazole in the treatment of acute otitis media.

A prospective random double-blind controlled trial comparing the efficacy of cefaclor with that of co-trimoxazole in the treatment of otitis media was undertaken. Two hundred and twenty-three children aged 12 years or younger were studied. Both drugs were effective, with clinical cure or improvement in more than 90% of the children. The level of compliance was high and side effects few. Both co-trimoxazole and cefaclor can be considered safe and effective drugs for the treatment of acute otitis media.

Cefaclor↗
PubMed1982

System for laboratory proficiency testing in bacteriology: organisation and impact on microbiology laboratories in health care facilities funded by the Ontario Government.

The Ministry of Health requires that all medical laboratories in the Province of Ontario participate in a laboratory proficiency testing program (LPTP). In bacteriology compliance has been excellent. Eighty-six laboratories, for various reasons over the period under review, have surrendered their licence or, because of poor performance on LPTP test surveys, have had their licence withdrawn by the Ministry. The highest percentage of withdrawals occurred in small hospitals in isolated areas. In April 1979 there were 249 participating laboratories. Participants' results are first analysed by computer, and, subsequently, approximately 20% of participants' reports are reviewed by the Committee. Various Committee actions ensue: correspondence with the laboratory director regarding errors; an offer of a visit; and possibly a report via a senior LPTP committee to the Ministry that a laboratory is non-proficient and, in LPTP's terms of reference, non-remediable. Subsequent Ministry action might be the withdrawal of a laboratory's licence. However, this last recourse only occurs when educational efforts have proved ineffectual. Overall, performance in LPTP bacteriology surveys has improved over the period 1975-8, with 68% of 263 laboratories achieving a score of 70% or higher and 26% of 263 laboratories scoring less than 60%.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1981

Encephalopathy complicating Whipple's disease: failure to respond to antibiotics.

Progressive dementia, vertical ophthalmoplegia, and prominent hypothalamic dysfunction developed in one patient with documented intestinal Whipple's disease despite ongoing antibiotic therapy with intestinal remission. A clinical diagnosis of central nervous Whipple's disease was made on the basis of the patient's presentation. High-dose parenteral penicillin and chloramphenicol were administered for 4 1/2 weeks. There was no improvement in results of daily mental status examination or neuropsychologic testing. Deterioration was noted in the electroencephalographic findings after therapy. Vigorous antibiotic therapy with agents that cross the blood-brain barrier had no immediate beneficial effect. Irreversible neurologic damage or a slow, delayed response may account for this observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Chorioamnionitis and funisitis due to Corynebacterium kutscheri.

When isolated from the female genital tract, diphtheroids are usually regarded as commensal organisms. Corynebacterium kutscheri however is a pathogen in laboratory rodents. We report a case in which C. kutscheri was isolated as a pure culture from the umbilical cord and from other surface sites in an infant. Histological examination of the cord and membranes demonstrated the organisms within these fetal tissues. The organisms evoked a fetal cellular response. The importance of recognising commensals as potential pathogens in states of altered host resistance in stressed.

Corynebacterium↗
PubMed1979

Topical neomycin.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Monitoring agricultural insecticides in the cooperative cotton pest management program in Arizona, 1971--first-year study.

A county-wide pest management program was initiated in Pinal County, Ariz, in 1971 to improve ecologically, economically, and socially the system for protecting cotton from insect pests. In cluded in this program was a plan to determine the environmental impact of any resulting pesticide load in the environment. Monitoring studies were developed for the assay of insecticide residues in soil, sediment, water, and biological materials. This report presents results of the first year's study and analytical methodology used to achieve those results.

Animals↗