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Biomedical subjects

H Rifkin

Publications and source records attributed to H Rifkin.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Current status of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II): management with gliclazide.

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a prevalence of 3-7% in most Western countries. Decreased insulin secretion and diminished tissue insulin sensitivity are both implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease; both may be exacerbated by persistent hyperglycemia and improved by normalization of blood sugar levels. Measures to control hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are important in the management of NIDDM and prevention of its long-term complications. The effects of dietary modification, exercise, and antihypertensive and antiplatelet therapy, as well as of pharmacologic control of blood sugar, on the vascular and renal complications of NIDDM have been investigated. Gliclazide is a second-generation sulfonylurea drug whose efficacy in the treatment of NIDDM, alone or in combination with insulin, has been widely demonstrated. Studies of the use of gliclazide, reported at recent symposia, are summarized in this review.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1978

Why control diabetes?

The concept that appropriate therapy for diabetes should achieve levels of fasting and postprandial blood, serum, or plasma glucose values as close to those of the nondiabetic as possible may be philosophically correct, but in practice is most difficult to obtain.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term effects of pancreatic transplant function in patients with advanced juvenile-onset diabetes.

Present methods of management of juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus do not prevent serious and debilitating complications affecting multiple organ systems. In an effort to reverse advanced forms of these complications, segmental transplantation of the pancreas has been performed on 10 patients, seven of whom simultaneously or subsequently received renal transplants. Long periods of normoglycemia (two to four and one-half years) were achieved in two patients who also maintained transplant kidney function. The course of these two patients is described to illustrate the possible value and limitations of the procedure. These patients had normal blood glucose levels, exhibited repeated normal intravenous glucose tolerance curves, and had repeated normal endogenous insulin levels. Their courses were characterized by (1) absence of problems related to pancreatic exocrine secretions into the bladder; (2) stable eye changes despite some episodes of hemorrhage from preexisting retinopathy; (3) vascular complications, including stroke and gangrene of extremities necessitating amputation despite successful femoropopliteal bypass grafting; (4) peripheral neuropathy; and (5) repeated infections. Both patients succumbed to vascular complications. Thus, pancreatic transplantation can maintain blood glucose and insulin at normal levels for extended periods of time. However, it does not reverse such complications as advanced retinopathy or atherosclerosis. Since the procedure may have value in preventing progression of these complications, it should be evaluated in patients with less advanced complications of diabetes.

Adult↗