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Biomedical subjects

H Rode

Publications and source records attributed to H Rode.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Ferrous- or cobalt ion-dependent D-(-)-tartrate dehydratase of pseudomonads: purification and properties.

D-(-)-Tartrate dehydratases [D-(-)-tartrate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1...] were isolated from two Pseudomonas strains. The molecular weights of the native enzymes were determined to be 72,000 and 7 8,000, respectively, and each enzyme was composed of two subunits of identical size. The dehydratases had no requirements for thiol compounds, were insensitive to oxygen, and required Fe2+ (0.1 mM) or Co2+ (0.5 mM) ions for optimal activity.

Cobalt↗
PubMed1982

Biliary ascariasis in children.

In the Cape Town Children's Hospital ascariasis is the commonest cause for an acute abdominal emergency; over a thousand cases have been admitted with ascariasis to the paediatric surgical wards. There was a high incidence of biliary ascariasis (424 cases) and routine intravenous cholangiography should be performed in all children with abdominal pain where ascariasis is suspected. The normal host/parasite relationship is described and the frequent invasion of the ampulla of Vater by the worm is discussed. The typical worm biliary colic is described and the classical surgical findings reported. The radiographic, ultrasonic and duodenoscopic diagnoses of the disease are evaluated. The management of the patient is described. Ninety-five percent of them were uncomplicated cases, but in 20 or 5% of the patients complications arose, the most important of them being ascariasis cholangitis, pyogenic cholangitis, perforation of the bile duct, cholecystitis and pancreatitis. The diagnosis and surgical management of these complications are described in some detail.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1981

Hiatus hernia in infancy and childhood.

Regurgitation of stomach contents is common in babies. One of the causes is gastro-oesophageal reflux due to an incompetent lower oesophageal sphincter, which may or may not be associated with a sliding hiatus hernia. Persistence of this defect will result in a pathological entity leading to reflux oesophagitis. If this symptom complex is not recognized, early disabling complications will result. The purpose of this study is to draw attention to the symptomatology of gastro-oesophageal reflux and hiatus hernia in infancy and childhood so as to improve our understanding of this entity and consequently allow earlier diagnosis, appropriate treatment and prevention of complications.

Child↗
PubMed1981

The manometric evaluation of the rectosphincteric reflex in total colonic aganglionosis.

The manometric assessment of rectosphincteric function in 33 patients with histologically proven aganglionosis is reviewed. The age of the patient at first assessment and the presence of total colonic aganglionosis influenced the results obtained. Overall, a 67% accuracy rate was achieved at first assessment. This rate fell to 43% when the test was carried out during the first 7 days of life. Six cases had total colonic aganglionosis. In only a single patient of this group was the first test result positive for aganglionosis. Attention is drawn to this finding.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Burn wound management.

In this chapter the local therapy for burns is discussed. Between 400 and 500 children with burns are treated every year at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital in Cape Town, but in only 10% of them do the burns affect over 20% of the body surface. These latter patients are treated in special rooms equipped for intensive therapy. Open and closed methods of treatment for burns used in addition to early excision are compared. The first aim is early skin cover for areas with skin loss preserving as much function as possible and achieving the best possible cosmetic result. Local therapy must be atraumatic to prevent extension of the skin lesion. Bacterial contamination must be prevented as far as possible by keeping the wound clean. Emergency treatment and the course of wound healing up to the third week after the injury using the appropriate dressings are described. Early excision until the fifth day after the accident should be used mainly for burns of the hand, deep second degree burns of up to 10% of the body surface, deep second degree burns over the joints and deep second degree burns of the neck. It must be admitted that the depth of the burn can only be definitely estimated between the seventh and tenth day after the accident. If no autografts are available homografts or grafts from animals are used. The age of the patient, associated injuries, associated diseases and the extent of the burn all play a role in determining the prognosis. Furthermore endogenous bacterial infections, absorption of local therapeutic agents and the state of the surrounding skin do also influence the healing process. Finally the various local therapeutic agents like sulphamylon, silver sulphadiazine and betadine are discussed. A 0.05% solution of silver nitrate is also active against gram-negative infections. Skin transplants are disinfected with a solution containing one third 0.25% acetic acid, one third 3% cent hydrogen peroxide and one third saline. Hydrogen peroxide must not be applied to burns that are healing spontaneously. A classification of burns to help to choose the appropriate local therapy is proposed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1981

An experimental evaluation of the germicidal efficacy of three topical antimicrobial agents in burns.

The bacteriocidal effect of three substances is discussed: 10% povidone iodine ointment (Betadine, betaisodona), 11,2% mafenide acetate (Naplatan) and silver sulphadiazine (Flamazine, Silvadene, Silvertone). A modified Walker burn model using male Long-Evans rats was studied. The infections were produced with a solution of 3 times 10(8) Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocin type H. organisms. The authors described the pharmacological properties of the three substances and report the following results. All three substances are able to penetrate third degree burns. It takes 4 hours for povidone iodone, 12 for mafenide acetate and 24 for silver sulphadiazine to penetrate the burn. Mafenide acetate and silver sulphadiazine were the most useful agents after 12 and 24 hours respectively. When the substances were applied for a second time 24 hours after the first application only mafenide acetate was highly effective. The effectiveness of povidone iodine and silver sulphadiazine decreased by half when compared with the first application. For practical purposes the following recommendations are made: For deep burns povidone iodine should be applied every 4--6 hours, mafenide acetate every 12--18 hours and silver sulphadiazine once every 24 hours in order to ensure an antibacterial effect.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1980

Congenital jejuno-ileal atresia and stenosis.

Eighty-four patients with congenital jejuno-ileal atresias and stenoses admitted over a 20-year period (1959-1978) are reviewed. The overall survival rate of 88% is a reflection of the improvement in diagnosis and supportive care and refinements in technique. Our current ideas on this subject are expressed and a detailed account of the presentation, diagnosis and management is given.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Prolonged exposure to antigen induces specific unresponsiveness of mixed leukocyte culture-activated cells.

One-way mixed leukocyte cultures, supplemented by the daily addition of small numbers of fresh stimulating cells between days 5 and 15 of incubation, failed to give a secondary proliferative or cell-mediated lympholytic response upon challenge with activating concentrations of the same stimulating. cells. However, these cultures could be fully activated by blastogenic factor (BF). The unresponsiveness induced was immunologically specific: when responding cells were primed simultaneously with stimulating cells from two donors and one stimulator was added daily, the cultures were unresponsive to challenge with cells of the stimulator which were added daily, but good secondary responses were elicited both by cells of the other stimulator used in priming and by BF. The induced unresponsiveness may be a consequence of specific inactivation of helper cells.

Antigens↗
PubMed1980

Citrate lyase deacetylase of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa. Isolation of the enzyme and studies on the inhibition by L-glutamate.

Citrate lyase deacetylase or acetyl-S-(acyl-carrier protein) enzyme thioester hydrolase (acetate) (EC 3.1.2-), was purified 3100-fold with a yield of 3.8% from cell extracts of Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa. The final enzyme preparation gave a single protein band upon polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the absence or in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated by gel filtration to be 14 300 +/- 1000. Sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis yielded a molecular weight of 7300 +/- 600 indicating that the enzyme consisted of two subunits. Citrate lyase deacetylase acted as an S-acetyl enzyme thioesterhydrolase because it catalyzed the conversion of citrate lyase (S-acetyl form) into citrate lyase (sulfhydryl form) and acetate. Citrate lyase deacetylase was strongly inhibited by L-glutamate. The half-maximal inhibitor concentration was 7.5 X 10(-4) M. and a Ki-value of 1.2 X 10(-4) M was determined. The mode of inhibition appeared to be of the linear mixed type. L-Glutamate was bound by citrate lyase deacetylase but not by citrate lyase. The pool concentrations of L-glutamate in R. gelatinosa were 10 mM when citrate was present in substrate amounts and 2.7 mM after total consumption of citrate. Simulation of conditions in vivo using homogeneous enzyme preparations of citrate lyase and citrate lyase deacetylase, and glutamate concentrations of 10 mM and 2.7 mM respectively, revealed that the rate of citrate lyase inactivation increased from 8% within 15 min during growth on citrate to 50% within 15 min in the absence of citrate.

Glutamates↗
PubMed1979

Cystic pulmonary hamartoma simulating posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia.

Posterolateral diaphragmatic hernias and cystic hamartomatous malformations of the lung can cause actue respiratory distress in the immediate postnatal period. The clinical and radiological features of these two conditions can be similar. Owing to misdiagnosis, the surgical approach was inappropriate in 2 of 26 patients diagnosed as having posterolateral diaphragmatic hernias on admission. During the same period, 5 cases of congenital cystic lung disease were treated surgically. Three of these patients were admitted in severe respiratory failure within 48 hours of birth, and in 2 of these cases the wrong diagnosis was made. The clinical features of these two easily confused congenital anomalies are discussed, and the main differentiating points on the chest radiographs are presented.

Cysts↗
PubMed1979

Fundamental concepts in the management of congenital anorectal malformations.

Congenital anorectal deformities present a therapeutic challenge to the paediatric surgeon. The anomalies encountered range in complexity from the most simple to the most intricate. It is for this reason that three clear phases in management are defined and applied in every instance, i.e. absolute clarification of the anatomy of the defect, its appropriate operative correction, and, finally, a protracted postoperative period of care during which time voluntary stool control is acquired. Anal continence is the ultimate functional objective. The meticulous treatment required by the unfortunate baby born with this correctable abnormality is emphasized.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Backstimulation by blastogenic factor in the primed LD typing test: possible role in anomalous responses.

The anomalous false-positive results often found in the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT) test seem to be partially due to the release of blastogenic factor (BF) from the stimulating cell, resulting in back stimulation of the primed lymphocyte. These anomalous responses can be greatly reduced by treating the stimulator cell with high doses of irradiation or with puromycin.

Cell Division↗