[Taste disorders as side effects of drug therapy].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
H Rollin
Publications and source records attributed to H Rollin.
[Gustatory disturbances in multiple sclerosis].
90 patients with advanced multiple sclerosis were examined electrogustometrically and with taste solutions. In 4 cases only the bitter sensation was diminished all over the tongue. 4 other patients showed a prolonged latency. Besides a unilateral dissociated hypogenusia in 4 patients there were no further serious taste disturbances. One man showed a taste and sensory hyperpathia on one side of the body.
Adult↗
[The laryngeal cyst of the new born (author's transl)].
Only 30 cases of cysts of the ventricular cord in the new born baby have been published. Because of the respiratory stridor one third of the cases died soon or later. The other 2/3 were treated by endolaryngeal procedures. With a case of a new born suffering from a large cyst of the ventricular cord the author demonstrates the possible danger and inefficiency of different endolaryngeal procedures. Only the external operation through the thyrohyoid membrane with complete removal of the cyst - without tracheotomy--resulted in permanent cure.
Cysts↗
[Gustatory disturbances as sideeffect of medical treatment (author's transl)].
A review of the pharmacological induced taste disorders is given. Many patients complain only of a spontaneous metallic, bitter or salty sensation in their mouths. More serious is the development of a dissociated hypogeusia or even an ageusia. 7 cases with gustatory disturbances caused by orally given medicine are presented. The phenylbutazone, oxyphedrine, carbamazepine, Muskel-Trancopal comp. (Chlormezanon, Paracetamol) and Lioresal (baclofen) were accused to have caused a partial or complete loss of taste. After the treatment had been discontinued it took weeks or even months for a complete recovery.
Acetaminophen↗
[Evaluating function and disorders of taste].
In a first anatomical section the peripheral gustatory pathways, their central connections, nuclei and cortical projections are discussed. It is evident, that the gustatory fibres from the posterior part of the tongue run in the IX nerve and those from the soft palate reach the medulla oblongata via the petrosal and facial nerve. For the anterior part of the tongue there obviously exists only one gustatory pathway via the chorda tympani-facial nerve. About the further central pathways of taste fibres is much less known. In a second part the methods of taste testing with different taste solutions and the electrogustometry are described. Their practical use and the pitfalls of testing are considered. The disorders of the taste sense compose a third part. Genetic and endocrine abnormalities as well as the side effects of drugs and radiotherapy and the destruction of taste nerves may lead to gustatory deviations. The possibility of central gustatory disorders, especially the combined loss of taste and smell as a result of trauma are mentioned. A chapter dealing with the therapy of taste disorders and a short outlook on the genetic aspects of this oral sense complete this review.
Afferent Pathways↗
[An improved and practical electrogustometer].
Basic considerations in the construction of an electrogustometer led to the use of electronically regulated equipment. The changing body resistence is automatically regulated, but the electric voltage of 220 volts AC necessitated special precautions. The decibel scale as proposed by Tomita seems the most convenient. The range of stimulation of 3-318 muA and the 4 dB current increment, which is regarded as the lowest pathological difference between the thresholds of the two sides of the tongue, made this equipment in practice very convenient.
Electrophysiology↗
Course of the peripheral gustatory nerves.
The multiple variations of the course of the gustatory nerves still considered possible are discussed. Recent investigations lead to the conclusion that there is only one path for the gustatory fibers for each gustatory area: 1) from the anterior part of the tongue via the tympanic cord and facial nerve to the medulla oblongata; 2) for the posterior part of the tongue in the IX cranial nerve; and 3) from the soft palate via the greater superficial petrosal nerve to the facial nerve. The trigeminal nerve carries no gustatory fibers to the brain.
Animals↗
Drug-related gustatory disorders.
A review is presented of the drug-induced gustatory disorders that have so far been identified. Metallic, bitter or salty phantogeusias and hypogeusias, often of a dissociated type, which may even develop into ageusia have been described as side effects of treatment with some drugs. Personal observations on six cases are reported in which the gustatory disorders are attributed to the ingestion of phenylbutazone, carbamazepine, chlormezanone and baclofen. After interruption of the treatments these disorders were reversible within weeks to months.
Adult↗