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Biomedical subjects

H Rosegger

Publications and source records attributed to H Rosegger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Indomethacin in IRDS with PDA phenomenon (author's transl)].

16 premature babies (all needing artificial ventilation, 15 suffering from idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome and one from severe apneic spells) received a single or double dose of indomethacin once the symptoms of an open ductus arteriosus further complicated their disease. Within 24 hours four patients showed closure of their duct, three other patients a very distinct improvement of their hemodynamic situation. There was no change of the ductus dependent symptoms in 8 other babies. One baby presented with a marked a worsening of its clinical situation and finally required surgical closure of its duct. There is quite a discrepancy found in the results reported from different centers. Starting from our results possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.

Apnea↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical experience with the use of continuous positive airway pressure delivered by the nasal route (N-CPAP) (author's transl)].

The nasal CPAP modification of spontaneous positive pressure breathing is technically simple, non-invasive for the patient, and does not interfere with routine infant care, yet provides most of the advantages of other CPAP modifications. Endotracheal intubation is eliminated since airway pressure is delivered by two short canules attached by means of adhesive tape to the patient's nose. The CPAP system was used in the care of 35 newborns and premature infants admitted to the University Children's Clinic Graz, with the diagnosis of respiratory distress (31 cases) or apnea-syndrome (4 cases) between Sept. 1973 and July 1975. The indications for the use of this system was based on the arterial oxygen tension values while breathing 100% O2 for 15 min. 22 of the 28 patients surviving were treated with N-CPAP alone, whereas 13 patients were CPAP-failures and required further ventilation (IPPV,PEEP). In the latter group apnea and 2 cases of pneumothorax necessitated intubation and ventilation, rather than the respiratory distress for which they had been initially treated. All 7 patients who died during this study were from this group of N-CPAP-failures (20% of the total, 54% of all N-CPAP-failures). Keeping ambient oxygen concentrations constant, an increase in arterial oxygen tension was measured in almost all patients surviving on N-CPAP and was initially even seen in those who later died, so that the ambient oxygen concentration could eventually be decreased.

Apnea↗
PubMed1977

[Fatal cerebral apoplexy as the first manifestation of immature infantile leukemia (author's transl)].

Among 93 clinical cases of mature and immature leukemia among children in the last 10 years only 3 showed massive cerebral hemorrhage as the first manifestation. The children--aged 5 3/12 yr., m., 2 1/12 yr., f., and 10 3/12 yr., m. died within 40, 48 and 7 h, respectively. Characteristically, an extreme hyperleukocytosis of immature cells with 8999000, 585000, and 360000 cells/mm3, respectively was found. Morphologically the quantitatively varying occurrence of blasts in veins and arteries, basically of hemodynamic origin, is notable, while locally pronounced variations in the venous involvement apparently are strongly dependent upon endovasal growth periods of the blasts. The blasts penetrated extravasal areas not only via passive but also via active migration. The mainly round to oval shape of the perivascular infiltrates of blasts is determined especially by the Virchow-Robins' spaces. The abscence of growth disrupting hemodynamics and texture structures in the unhindered areas of the cerebral ventricle system and retinal detachement favors the formation of leukemic nodules. Neurological symptoms accompanying a high blast count point to a diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Digoxin elimination by exchange transfusion.

The report covers four cases presenting simultaneous indications for digitalisation and exchange transfusions. Intravenous administration of digoxin was followed: 1. by monitoring of the behaviour of the plasma digoxin level; 2. by determination of the total amount of glycoside eliminated by the blood exchange. Particular attention was paid to the effect of the delay between injection and exchange transfusion on the amount of digoxin eliminated. All four cases showed moderate falls in plasma levels. The amounts of digoxin eliminated by exchange transfusion were in reverse relationship to the delay between administration of digoxin and the blood exchange. At no time did the eliminated fraction exceed 5% of the total amount present in the body.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

[Necrotizing enterocolitis (pediatric review)].

Necrotizing enterocolitis--a highly letal disease in the newborn period--is diagnosed in about 1--2% of the admissions to a nursery. The marcroscopic lesions are basically necroses predominantly found in the ileum, colon and jejunum. Untreated they lead to perforation, peritonitis and sepsis. The predisposing factors include such as perinatal complications, immaturity and umbilical vein catheterization; the main symptoms are bile stained vomiting and blood-streaked diarrhea, followed by signs of fulminant sepsis and peritonitis. The most typical roentgenographic findings are intramural air (pneumatosis intestinalis) and in more advanced cases pneumoperitoneum (free peritoneal air) and portal vein gas. The current plan of management--consisting of immediate withdrawal of oral feeds, gastric suction, intravenous fluid therapy, treatment of shock and administration of antibiotics--and the indication for operation are discussed. Perinatal stress and secondary bacterial invasion of the intestinal lesions seem to play an important role in the etiology of the disease. An early nutrition of the healthy immature with human breast milk seems to reduce the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis or at least has a mitigating influence on the later course of the disease. The mortality in our own series--as reported--was high (6 patients: 1 survivor, mortality: 83%) as 4 of the patients were admitted with gross symptoms of intestinal perforation and severely shocked.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1977

[Trichomoniasis in the newborn (author's transl)].

Trichomonas vaginalis was diagnosed in two girls out of 948 newborn babies (0.21%) admitted for various reasons to the Universitäts-Kinderklinik Graz during a 21 months period. One of the patients revealed leukocyturia and vulvovaginitis, the other had both bacterial urinary tract infection and vulvovaginitis being controlled but incomplete with antibiotica therapy. The radiologic finding of the urinary tract were normal. In both cases trichomonas vaginalis was identified in a routine urine specimen. The infants mothers both had vulvovaginitis trichomonalis. After a 5 days course with metronidazole given orally, the symptoms ceased and the urinary tract infection healed. The influence of maternal hormones on the epithelium of the infantile vagina facilitating trichomoniasis in the newborn is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1976

[The development of infants subjected to aided respiration in the newborn period (author's transl)].

22 children who required respiratory aid (LPPV, CPAP) in the newborn period were followed up to the age of 12 to 36 months. The birth weight ranged between 1050 and 4100 g and the duration of artificial ventilation ranged between 36 and 698 hours. Neurological development of 17 children was completely normal, whilst four showed noticeable hyperkinesis or slight dystonia and one child developed spastic diplegia of a moderate degree, which was almost completely overcome by physiotherapy. The mean developmental quotient (Eggers-Wagner) ranged between 76 and 127.

Apnea↗
PubMed1976

[Hereditary symphalangism: observations on this syndrome in a newborn infant and his mother (author's transl)].

Symphalangism is the partial or complete bony fusion of phalanges in the fingers and toes due to an autosomal dominant gene, with inherited failure of development of one or more interphalangeal joints. Two patients--a newborn baby and his mother--both revealing this rare malformation, are presented in this paper and the clinical and radiological features are described and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Therapy of secondary atelectasis by pulmonary lavage in full-term and premature infants (author's transl)].

Obstructive atelectasis can be successfully treated by means of pulmonary lavage. Atelectasis of this type may result from the formation of mucous plugs in the bronchi during or after prolonged artificial ventilation, after thoracic surgery and after vigorous suction. The pathophysiological alterations taking place during routine suction of an intubated and ventilated infant are discussed. The technique of pulmonary lavage with lukewarm physiological saline through an endotracheal tube is demonstrated in 2 newborn infants, in whom atelectasis occurred as a complication of long-term ventilation.

Female↗
PubMed1975

[The neurological investigation of newborn infants as selection criterium in the early detection of infantile cerebral palsy].

The development of 131 infants at risk was followed up at three-month intervals during the first year of life. In mature babies positive neurological findings in the newborn period corresponded closely with the development of infantile cerebral palsy. 89% of the infants who subsequently developed cerebral palsy showed pathological signs in the newborn period. However, abnormal postnatal neurological findings were also observed in 26% of the infants showing normal development. No such correlation was demonstrable in regard to the premature infants. This is probably a consequence of the numerous pitfalls in the neurological evaluation of premature babies. Only those mature babies showing abnormal neurological signs in the newborn period should be alloted to an at-risk group in respect to the development of cerebral palsy. Premature infants should be included, irrespective of the neurological findings.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1975

[Modes of occurrence of accidental scalds and burns in infancy and childhood (author's transl)].

The modes of occurrence of scalds and burns of varying severity in infancy and childhood were statistically compiled from the case notes of 790 patients admitted to the Department of Paediatrics, University of Graz during the years 1968 to 1973. The most frequent mode of injury was pulling down pots containing hot fluids from stoves and other elevated places (37% cases); 26% of the children were scalded by tripping over pots placed on the floor by adults and falling into the spilt liquid, 11% received burns by touching hot objects or by direct contact with fire and 9% were burned accidentally in a "passive" manner by their siblings or parents. In 18% of cases the accidents happened in a variety of more unusual ways. The age of the injured child and the time of day of the event both appear to play an important role in the genesis of the accident, whereas the season of the year and social status seem to be of minor importance in this connexion. The most important preventive measure is the adequate instruction of parents and others in charge of young children in respect to the common domestic hazards in everyday life which may lead to scalds and burns.

Accidents↗