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Biomedical subjects

H Rubenstein

Publications and source records attributed to H Rubenstein.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The utility of Poison Control Center data for assessing toxic occupational exposures among young workers.

This study assessed the utility of Poison Control Center data for identifying and describing occupational toxic exposures to youth and the associated health outcomes of such exposures. The authors reviewed 1997 data from the American Association of Poison Control Centers' Toxic Exposure Surveillance System for occupational exposures to persons 6 to 19 years old. In 1997, there were 3442 reported occupational exposure cases among 6- to 19-year-olds. Exposure cases included underage workers, exposure to multiple substances, continuous or repeated exposure to the offending substance, and exposures occurring in the home. Poison Control Centers provide unique and valuable information on toxic workplace exposures to youth. Child labor laws may be violated in many cases, and risks exist with respect to industrial work done in the home. Prospective studies with immediate follow-back are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The Children's PTSD Inventory: development and reliability.

Information involving the development of the DSM-IV version of the Children's PTSD Inventory is described. Independent ratings by highly experienced judges denote that the instrument encompassed the universe of definition that it was intended to measure (i.e., the DSM-IV criteria for PTSD). The instrument was administered to 82 traumatized and 22 nontraumatized youths at Bellevue Hospital. Moderate to high Cronbach alphas (.53-.89) were evident at the subtest level. An alpha of .95 was evident at the diagnostic level. In terms of inter-rater reliability, 98.1% agreement was evident at the diagnostic level. Inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged from .88 to .96 at the subtest level and .98 at the diagnostic level. Good to excellent kappas (.66-1.00) were reported for inter-rater reliability at the subtest level. An inter-rater reliability kappa of .96 was evident at the diagnostic level. In terms of test-retest reliability, 97.6% agreement was evident at the diagnostic level. Good to excellent test-retest kappas (.66-1.00) and ICCs (.66-.94) were observed. A test-retest kappa of .91 and an ICC of .88 was observed at the diagnostic level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Protecting the health and safety of working teenagers.

More than one third of high school students work during the school year, and many more are employed during the summer months. Teenage workers face a variety of health and safety hazards. Occupational injury and illness are largely preventable, and family physicians can play a crucial role in this prevention effort by advising adolescents about common workplace dangers. Physicians who sign work permits and provide ongoing health care to teenagers should counsel them and their parents or guardians about the benefits and risks of work and discuss the regulations governing jobs that are prohibited for adolescents, work hours, protective measures and workers' compensation benefits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Faculty advisor program for family medicine residents.

PROBLEM BEING ADDRESSED: In response to the accreditation guidelines of the College of Family Physicians of Canada's (CFPC) Task Force on Intraining Evaluation, the Department of Family Medicine at McGill University implemented a faculty advisor program on July 1, 1993. OBJECTIVE OF PROGRAM: In addition to meeting the requirements of the CFPC, the faculty advisor program was developed to foster communication between residents and faculty, increase opportunities for feedback, promote self-directed learning, and personalize the educational experience of trainees. MAIN COMPONENTS OF PROGRAM: Residents were assigned an advisor. They were expected to meet their advisors monthly to discuss educational objectives, performance, career planning, and any problems. Educational plans were to be completed at each meeting. CONCLUSIONS: Feedback from advisors and residents has been positive, with both groups expressing overall satisfaction with the program. The faculty advisor program will continue but will be modified to address problems identified and better meet the needs of faculty and residents.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1997

Predicting who will choose a family medicine residency.

PURPOSE: To create and evaluate a screening instrument and a revised interview format for use in the selection of family medicine residents at the McGill University Faculty of Medicine. METHOD: The screening tool consisted of two sections an assessment of academic performance (the TASS) and an evaluation of applicants' generalist versus specialist orientation (the GSSS); each applicant's file was assessed by two raters. The revised interview included specific questions and scenarios related to family medicine. All three parts were tested on 143 applicants from outside the region of Quebec in 1994-95. The results on both parts of the screening tool and the interview were compared with the students' first choices of residency and then were compared with the performances of the 24 accepted into the program as reflected in their first six-month summative evaluation forms. Data were analyzed through several statistical methods. RESULTS: Only the GSSS accurately predicted the applicants' first choices (for agreement between both raters: sensitivity, 81%; specificity, 70%; accuracy, 78%). No significant association was found when comparing matching applicants' scores obtained during the selection process with their scores on the six-month evaluation forms. CONCLUSION: The GSSS may prove useful as a tool in the review of applicants' files. More studies are needed to reevaluate the use of the interview in the selection process and to help determine whether any selection instrument can accurately predict applicants' subsequent performances in a residency.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1993

Content of worker notification.

This article summarizes discussions held during the workshop on the issue of the content of worker notification messages and related topics. The workshop itself involved a number of sessions where participants formed small groups. This article represents a distillation of the summary reports by the rapporteurs from each group. It is not intended as a complete review of this issue. Rather, it presents some of the concerns that arose during freewheeling discussions, with the idea that the points raised may help others to think about some of the issues involved.

Communication↗
PubMed1993

Family practice clinics. Survey of family practice residents' attitudes.

All residents of McGill University's Department of Family Medicine were surveyed by mail about their family practice clinic experience. Residents were generally satisfied with their training site and their supervision, but noted problems with volume and diversity of patients, learning certain procedures, and knowledge of community resources. They did not want more family medicine clinic time.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Polytetrafluoroethylene graft for spontaneous coronary dissection: 7-year follow-up.

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection remains an exceedingly rare cause of myocardial ischemia. The patients are usually young and female, and the dissection is frequently fatal. The use of polytetrafluoroethylene as an aortocoronary conduit is generally followed by early occlusion. We report a case of spontaneous right coronary dissection in which a polytetrafluoroethylene graft was placed that was observed to remain patent by angiography at least 72 months after operation.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1988

Freiberg disease complicating unrelated trauma.

Freiberg's infraction is an avascular necrosis of the metatarsal head characterized by the development of disorderliness of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in previously normal bone. Radiographic findings follow the pathological progression of bony changes. The presented cases document the development of avascular necrosis in a previously normal metatarsal that occurred after trauma or surgery elsewhere in the foot. It is suggested that infraction of the metatarsal head resulted from microfracture caused by abnormal stress.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Mid-diastolic aortic valve opening in bacterial endocarditis of aortic valve.

Echocardiographic features of acute aortic regurgitation resulting from bacterial endocarditis have been well documented (Nathan et al., 1980; Weaver et al., 1977; Wray, 1975a), and include thick shaggy echoes from aortic valve in diastole, fine diastolic flutter of aortic valves suggestive of rupture of cusps, and premature closure of mitral valves. Echocardiography being a sensitive noninvasive technique for detecting aortic valve vegetations is heavily relied on for earlier diagnosis and prompt therapy of these patients. Prognosis of echocardiographically positive endocarditis is known to be worse than for echo-negative patients. The following case is being presented because of an unusual echocardiographic manifestation with mid-diastolic aortic valve opening secondary to flail aortic valve from staphylococcal endocarditis of the aortic valve.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Developmental apraxia of speech and manual dexterity.

A quantitative test of fine motor function was used to compare the dexterity of the right and left hands of normal children and children with developmental apraxia of speech (DAS). The results suggest that the left cerebral hemisphere of children with DAS is not predominantly impaired in regard to motor control of the upper extremities. In neither female nor male children with DAS was the manual dexterity of the right hand less than that of the left. In female but not male children with DAS, manual dexterity of both hands was impaired when compared to the normal control groups. Therefore, DAS is probably not due to a congenital or an acquired defect in Broca's motor speech area or adjacent brain area of the left hemisphere. The basis of this conclusion is discussed.

Apraxias↗
PubMed1976

Behaviour in a medical clinic of patients with well-controlled bronchial asthma.

Patients with well-controlled bronchial asthma coming to a university health services clinic exhibited often irritating and sometimes unusual social behaviour. For example, they were more likely to arrive late for an appointment, or not to show up for it at all, than non-allergic healthy patients, patients with perennial rhinitis, patients with seasonal rhinitis, or patients being investigated for cardiac disease. Such behaviour may be just as much a sign of bronchial asthma as is coughing or wheezing.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Understanding the parents who are mentally retarded: guidelines for family preservation programs.

This article reviews eight programs in New York State that provide parenting training and direct assistance to parents who are mentally retarded. Common lessons learned by the programs are discussed and guidelines are set forth on staffing, family enrollment and retention, service provision, and risk-management practices for work with similar clients. The families in these programs are briefly profiled, based on data collected on approximately half of the parents and children.

Adult↗