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Biomedical subjects

H S Chawla

Publications and source records attributed to H S Chawla.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Placental transfer of fluoride in pregnant women consuming optimum fluoride in drinking water.

The study was conducted on 25 healthy women residing in optimum fluoride areas, who were to deliver normally through vaginal route, to correlate the maternal and cord plasma fluoride levels and evaluate the placental transfer of fluoride. A wide variation was found in the maternal and cord plasma fluoride levels. In only 8 percent of the cases the fluoride levels in cord plasma were higher than maternal plasma. It was deduced that the placenta allows passive diffusion of fluoride from mother to foetus and does not act as a barrier.

Female↗
PubMed1993

Role of trace elements Se and Li in drinking water on dental caries experience.

An epidemiological survey of dental caries using modified Moller's index (1966) carried out in 483 children (aged 7-17 years) of rural areas--Talwandi Kalan, Dhanansu and Bhatian (District Ludhiana) of Punjab with almost similar F levels in their drinking water supply, similar socio-economic status, environmental factors/demographic parameters and dietary habits revealed wide variations in the prevalence and severity of dental caries. Further investigation extended to evaluate the concentrations of various trace elements Se, Li, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in drinking water to find out the disparity of dental caries status, revealed that the higher figures of prevalence and severity of dental caries observed in Dhanansu and Bhatian as compared to Talwandi Kalan could be attributed to the presence of Se in drinking water supply of these areas which was not detectable in the water supply of Talwandi Kalan. On the contrary, the concentration of Li in water supply of Talwandi Kalan with low caries was found to be higher compared to that of Dhanansu and Bhatian with higher dental caries in children population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Management of natal/neonatal/early infancy teeth.

The natal, neonatal and early infancy teeth predominantly being of the normal series of primary dentition, the management should aim at preservation of these teeth for esthetics and maintenance of space for eruption of permanent successor. The treatment method should take into consideration (a) trauma to child's oral tissue or mother's breast (b) mobility and (c) danger of inhalation. Trauma was noted in 10 percent, mobility and danger of inhalation in 94 percent. Extraction carried out in 97 percent of 50 children with natal/neonatal/early infancy teeth showed that the neighbouring primary teeth tended to move into the extraction space. Eruption of the permanent successors to natal/neonatal teeth was not delayed, rather in some instances the eruption was found to be enhanced as compared to contralateral incisor as noted in unilaterally occurring natal/neonatal teeth. The mandibular anterior arch collapse was not permanent as the successors erupted uncrowded. The paper discusses the method and timing of extraction. From the immunological and hematological point of view the best time for extraction was calculated to be 7-25 days of birth.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Interrelationship between sugar and dental caries--a study in child population of Orissa.

An epidemiological study on interrelationship between dental caries and sugar consumption conducted on 1265 children in the age of 5-15 years revealed a positive association of dental caries experience with total sugar exposures, between meal sugar exposures and at meal sugar exposures. As the total increased from 3 to 4 in a day, a corresponding jump of 1 deft+DMFT and 2 defs+DMFS was noted, which was clinically and statistically significant. It was deduced that total sugar exposures per day should be limited to 3, out of which two should be at meal time and one between meals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A study of the relationship between trace elements in saliva and dental caries in children.

About 8 ml of saliva were collected from each of 272 children, living in rural areas in North India, equally distributed into age groups 4-7 and 12-16 yr and stratified into low, moderate and high caries groups. The salivas were analysed for Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and for F with a fluoride-sensitive electrode. The elements Cu and F had a consistent, inverse relationship with caries experience. The concentration of Zn, Fe and Mn in saliva did not have any consistent relationship with caries experience.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Orbital and sinus inflammation with secondary optic neuropathy.

Optic neuropathy with simultaneous orbital and sinus inflammation is a diagnostic dilemma. Although sinus inflammation was described previously as causative in some cases of optic neuritis, the relatively high rate of asymptomatic sinus opacification in radiologic studies of the general population (as high as 13%) makes this a diagnosis of exclusion. We describe a patient who had optic neuropathy associated with simultaneous orbital and sinus inflammation. Although definitive determination of etiology may not be made without tissue biopsy, cases suspected of having a bacterial etiology may benefit from an initial 48-hour trial of intravenous antibiotics before initiation of systemic corticosteroids.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

NaF iontophoresis, an alternative to cavity lining--an in vivo study.

The study carried out on 30 teeth in 28 patients of 12-16 years to assess NaF iontophoresis as an alternative to cavity lining revealed that out of 25 cavities which were sensitive to air, water jet and exploration (14 mild, 9 moderate and 2 severe), in 20 cavities the sensitivity decreased to nil, in 9 to mild and in one to moderate following iontophoresis. It was found that in all the cases, the first application of iontophoresis decreased the sensitivity by 50-60 percent and the second by 70-90 percent. Immediately after silver filling there was no sensitivity in 25 teeth, whereas 4 were mildly and one moderately sensitive. After a six month follow up in 24 patients who reported, all the teeth were comfortable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Intercomparison of prevalence and severity of dental caries using two recording systems.

Dental caries was recorded using WHO index (1983) and Moller's index (1966) in 1265 children in the age group of 5, 8, 11 and 15 years to determine the conversion and correlation figures, so as to facilitate cross comparison and quick appraisal where either of the systems have been used in epidemiological studies. The results revealed that dental caries was recorded higher with Moller's index as compared to the WHO index; on an average the difference was fourteen percent in point prevalence, one deft + DMFT and one and a half defs + DMFS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Comparative evaluation of the role of NaF, APF & Duraphat topical fluoride applications in the prevention of dental caries--a 2 1/2 years study.

The study was conducted on 1251 6-12-year-old children, to evaluate the effect of topical application of NaF, APF and Duraphat given at six monthly interval assessed after 2.1/2 years revealed the percentage caries reduction with sodium fluoride to be in the range of 20-24 percent on base line teeth and 30-33 percent on teeth erupted during study, showing more effect on newly erupted teeth. In APF group, the caries reduction was 32-37 percent, in the DMFT and DMFS-slightly more on teeth erupted during study than on baseline teeth. The dental caries reduction with Duraphat (NaF varnish) was in the range of 70-75 percent-slightly more on newly erupted teeth. Equally high degree of efficacy was also noted on occlusal surfaces. Duraphat showed the greatest public health potential.

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride↗
PubMed1991

Apexification: follow-up after 6-12 years.

Thirty 'apexified' immature permanent anterior teeth treated utilising Ca(OH)2 as root canal dressing assessed clinically and radiographically after greater than 6 less than or equal to 12 years revealed that in 15 teeth bridge remained the same; in 10 consolidated, while in 3 it decreased. Periapical radiolucency reappeared in one case, while in two it was questionable but clinically the teeth were comfortable; these cases were ones showing decrease in bridge consolidation: two teeth had been extracted during this observation period by some dentists because of complaint of discolouration.

Calcium Hydroxide↗