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Biomedical subjects

H S Myers

Publications and source records attributed to H S Myers.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

A respiratory epidemiological survey of workers in a small South African foundry.

A cross-sectional study to assess prevalence of respiratory abnormality was conducted among 107 South African foundry workers. The prevalence of pneumoconiosis was 10.3% overall, increasing to 38% for workers with more than 15 years of service. Dyspnea was present in 38% of workers, chronic simple bronchitis in 15.9%, and asthmatic symptoms in 27%. Pneumoconiosis was not associated with higher prevalence rates of other respiratory abnormalities. The high overall prevalence of respiratory symptoms might be explained by exposure to environmental pollutants other than dust.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bone lesions in chronic granulocytic leukaemia.

Radiographic abnormalities in bone are unusual during the stable phase of chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL). A rare situation is reported in which a patient developed three distinctive skeletal lesions simultaneously in different anatomical sites. Firstly, in both fibulae symmetrical punched out and permeative lesions were present throughout much of the shafts, being most prominent in the mid-diaphyseal regions. Secondly, the tibiae were slightly porotic and showed localized periosteal reactions, whereas in the fibulae there was extensive cloaking by a similar but much more intensive reaction. Thirdly, multiple osteosclerotic lesions were present in the pubic bones and in the proximal ends of the femora and humeri. Concurrently, fluctuant, culture negative swellings were present on the extremities. Histological examination of the material from the subcutaneous and lytic lesions showed only areas of fibrosis with islands of haematopoietic tissue, including scanty megakaryocytes. Bone marrow trephine biopsy showed the presence of myelofibrosis with islands of haematopoietic tissue typical of CGL without any evidence of blastic transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

St. Helena familial genu valgum.

A kindred on the mid-Atlantic island of St. Helena has severe "knock knees" and variable lesser malalignment at the elbows and wrists. The disorder is the consequence of hypoplasia of the corresponding bony condyles, with subsequent progressive degenerative osteoarthrophy. Inheritance is autosomal dominant and the condition seems to be a private syndrome which has arisen on the island by recent mutation. In view of the geographical localisation of the disorder and the anatomical distribution of the abnormalities, we propose the title "St. Helena Familial Genu Valgum".

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

A respiratory epidemiological study of stevedores intermittently exposed to asbestos in a South African port.

The prevalence of asbestosis in stevedores intermittently transporting crocidolite asbestos in a South African port was found to be 30% in a cross-sectional survey. Diagnostic criteria are discussed in terms of the low index of suspicion for industrial diseases, the high probability of missing slight radiological changes, and the attribution of radiological lesions to other diseases, particularly tuberculosis, in a high prevalence area. Results are compared with other studies. Asbestosis was not associated with tuberculosis. Smoking was not significantly associated with asbestosis, other respiratory signs and symptoms, or radiological abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Oesophageal bleeding from aortoesophageal fistula due to aortic aneurysm.

From pathology data it appears that aortic aneurysm may be the commonest cause of aorto-oesophageal fistula (AOF), but this entity is rarely diagnosed clinically. We report 6 patients, seen during a 5-year period, with aneurysms which initially caused chest pain and minor oesophageal bleeding. The diagnosis of AOF was made before death in only 1 case; surgery was not attempted. This patient and 4 others died when rupture into the oesophageal lumen or wall caused exsanguinating haemorrhage. The 6th patient, who died after prostatectomy without a major haemorrhage, had oesophageal fibrosis localized at the aneurysm; this type of lesion occurs in the development of a fistula. The therapeutic ideal is to forestall fatal rupture by prompt diagnosis and immediate surgery when mild oesophageal bleeding gives warning of fistula formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The natural history of radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis: an analysis of 88 patients.

The records of 88 patients with radiation-induced proctosigmoidosis seen over an eight year period were reviewed. Eighty-four (95 per cent) had been irradiated for a gynaecological malignancy. The peak incidence of bleeding occurred after a latent period of nine months from the time of irradiation. Twenty-five subjects (28 per cent) had associated injury to the urinary tract. A wide spectrum of radiological abnormalities found on barium enema is described. Twenty-four patients (27 per cent) underwent operations for radiation-induced injury to the colon and urinary tract. Operations on the bowel were attended by a high complication rate (79%). A clinical classification based on bowel symptoms is presented. Those whose only symptom was low grade rectal bleeding (Group I) had the most favourable outcome and of these, 35 per cent stopped bleeding spontaneously by six months. Patients who required frequent transfusions (Group II) had an increasing mortality rate with the passage of time. Patients whose predominant symptoms were pain and bowel dysfunction (Group III) had the highest death rate but some did well after an operative procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Contraction pattern variations in oesophagography.

In recent literature a pattern of transient transverse folds seen in oesophagography has been described as a new variant. It is suggested, however, that the pattern is part of a spectrum of oesophageal contractions that occurs with or without specific lesions, and that it is created by contraction of the transverse oblique muscles of the oesophagus.

Esophagus↗
PubMed1975

Chronic Gaucher's disease: radiological findings in 17 South African cases.

This paper reports radiological findings in a series of 17 South African patients with chronic (adult or non-neuronopathic) Gaucher's disease. Osteoarticular signs are briefly analysed on the basis of their pathogenesis. The visceral findings included an enormous calcified spleen and three cases with pulmonary lesions. Important advances have been made recently in diagnosing. Gaucher's disease and detecting carriers by demonstration of deficiency of beta-glucosidase. Radiographs are not diagnostic, but they may provide valuable clues to the nature and extent of lesions in bone, and they are essential in orthopaedic management of Gaucher's disease.

Adolescent↗