Biomedical subjects

H Sano

Publications and source records attributed to H Sano.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Study of cyclooxygenase-2 in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is known to involve cytokines and particularly surface adhesion molecules, the expression of which initiates the attachment of inflammatory cells. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 catalyze the initial key enzymatic steps in the metabolism of arachidonic acid. COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, whereas COX-2 is induced in response to proinflamamatory cytokines and stress. In this study we examined the expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in the rat after 90 minutes of warm-I/R injury. Rats were sacrificed at 0, 1.5, 3, 5, 12, and 24 hours after reperfusion. COX-2 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, which was graded on a scale of 0 to 4. All results are presented as the mean values +/- SD. Data analyses used analysis of variance. COX-2 expression was most intense on endothelial cells at 3 and 5 hours after reperfusion. From 12 to 24 hours after reperfusion COX-2 expression on endothelial cells gradually became weaker. COX-2 expression scores were significantly higher at 1.5, 3, 5, 12, and 24 hours after reperfusion than at 0 hours. However, there were no differences in COX-1 expression after reperfusion. Several hours after the maximum of COX-2 expression the maximum renal I/R injury was observed. These results suggest a relationship between COX-2 expression and renal I/R injury.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Over-etching effects on micro-tensile bond strength and failure patterns for two dentin bonding systems.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the weakest zone of resin-dentin bonds and (2) the relation between bond strength and failure mode to clarify the effect of demineralized dentin. METHODS: Human premolars were sectioned to expose the dentin surfaces, and the dentin surfaces were conditioned with phosphoric acid for 15, 60, 120, or 180s. Resin-dentin bonded specimens were produced using two adhesives: One-Step (Bisco) and OptiBond Solo (Kerr). Each sample was sectioned to produce a beam (adhesive area: 0.9mm(2)). Microtensile bond tests were then conducted, and the mean bond strengths (n=12 for each group) were statistically compared using two-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple-range test (p<0.05). The fractured surfaces of all specimens were examined using SEM, and the areas of failure were measured using an image analyzer. RESULTS: For One-Step, the bond strength decreased with increase in acid-conditioning time (15s: 50.7+/-9.7, 60s: 40.8+/-11.0, 120s: 23.6+/-4.9 and 180s: 12.1+/-4.6MPa) (p<0.05). For OptiBond Solo, the bond strength in the case of 15s acid-conditioning time (42.6+/-7.9MPa) was significantly greater than that for the other times (60s: 31.9+/-10.3, 120s: 31.8+/-14.4 and 180s: 31.8+/-7.4MPa) (p<0.05). Fractography showed that the area percentage of the hybrid layer increased with increase in etching time for both systems. CONCLUSIONS: The integrity of the hybrid layer, especially the top part, has an effect on bond strength.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Adhesion of resin-modified glass ionomer cements using resin bonding systems.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the in vitro shear bond strength of two commercially available resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RmGIC) to bovine dentine, with and without the use of adhesive bonding systems. METHODS: Ninety-six flat bovine dentine surfaces were divided into eight groups for bonding procedures. Fuji II LC and Vitremer were bonded to dentine that had been treated with and without Clearfil Photo Bond, Clearfil Liner Bond, or Clearfil Liner Bond II. The control group consisted of specimens that were treated as recommended by the manufacturer of each resin-modified glass ionomer cement. The bonded assemblies were stored in tap water for 24 h at 37 degrees C, and shear bond strengths measured using a universal-testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. RESULTS: For the control group, shear bond strength of Fuji II LC was significantly greater than Vitremer (P < 0.005). However, when any of the resin bonding systems was applied, no statistical difference between Fuji II LC and Vitremer was determined (P > 0.05). The Clearfil PhotoBond and Liner Bond groups showed similar bond strengths (P > 0.05), but were significantly less than Liner Bond II (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A recent bonding system combined with the RmGICs exhibited the greatest shear bond strength to dentine, irrespective of chemical differences that may exist between the two RmGICs.

Adhesives↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance arthrography in the assessment of anterior instability of the shoulder: comparison with double-contrast computed tomography arthrography.

Forty-seven shoulders with traumatic anterior instability were studied by magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and computed tomography arthrography (CTA) to compare the diagnostic performance of these examinations in the evaluation of Bankart lesions. All shoulders were examined by arthroscopy to verify the lesions. Labral damage evaluated by MRA and by CTA correlated significantly with arthroscopic findings (MRA, r = 0.55, p < 0.0001; CTA, r = 0.45, p = 0.0050). MRA possessed higher sensitivity in detecting torn labra (MRA, sensitivity = 87%, specificity = 75%; CTA, sensitivity = 33%, specificity = 88%). In detecting displaced labra, sensitivity and specificity were 65% and 94% for MRA and 75% and 69% for CTA. The inferior glenohumeral ligament was depicted as a lax structure in 74% by MRA but in only 21% by CTA. We conclude that MRA is superior to CTA in detecting lesions associated with shoulder instability.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Histologic evidence of degeneration at the insertion of 3 rotator cuff tendons: a comparative study with human cadaveric shoulders.

We determined on histologic examination the degree of degeneration at the insertion of 3 rotator cuff tendons in 76 cadaveric shoulders, 17 of which had a partial tear of the supraspinatus. Fiber thinning, the presence of granulation tissue, and incomplete tearing of fibers, all evidence of degeneration, were quantified separately for each tendon. Among the shoulders that were intact on macroscopy, no significant difference in degeneration score could be found. In all 3 tendons degeneration was more prominent on the articular sides compared with the bursal sides (P < .0001). The degeneration score of partially torn supraspinatus was significantly higher than that of the intact tendons (P < .0001). The extent of granulation tissue, 1 criterion of degeneration, seemed to contribute mostly to this difference. Intrinsic degeneration occurred foremost in the articular side of the rotator cuff and might constitute the primary cause of rotator cuff tearing.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Upregulated surface expression of intracellularly sequestered Igepsilon receptors (FcepsilonRII/CD23) following activation in human peripheral blood eosinophils.

We investigated the regulation, secretion, and surface expression of the low-affinity FcepsilonRII receptor (CD23) in eosinophils isolated from human blood using multiple monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed at different epitopes of human CD23. Substantial surface expression of CD23 was not demonstrated in the resting state. Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) measured by flow cytometry was 7. 1 +/- 0.8 for 9P25 mAb (p = NS) and 15.7 +/- 3.8 for BU38 mAb (p <. 04) versus 5.3 +/- 1.0 for IgG1 isotype control Ab. By contrast, MFI using BU38 mAb was 154 +/- 18 for JY-B lymphocytes (p <.0001 versus eosinophils). Despite weak surface expression, eosinophil permeabilization demonstrated substantial intracellular expression of CD23; MFI was 33.6 +/- 5.2 for 9P25 mAb versus 4.4 +/- 0.43 for IgG control (p <.001). Western blot analysis using both positive and negative controls demonstrated immunological identity with CD23 on JY-B lymphocytes. Activation of eosinophils caused rapid translocation of CD23 to the surface membrane (160 +/- 33 MFI; p <. 005), which was maximal within 30 sec. Secretory CD23 was detected within the perfusate also at 30 sec and was fully reinternalized at 10 min. This is the first demonstration of the presence of intracellular CD23 in human eosinophils. Our data indicate that eosinophils rarely express CD23 on their surface but are capable of transient high-level expression and secretion with rapid reuptake of intracellular stores of CD23.

Cells, Cultured↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of supplemental propionate on insulin responsiveness to glucose and tissue responsiveness to insulin in relation to feeding in sheep.

Two glucose clamp techniques were performed for 6 h starting 2 h before the initiation of feeding to investigate the effect of dietary propionate supplementation on insulin responsiveness to glucose and tissue responsiveness to insulin in relation to feeding in rams. The rams were fed alfalfa hay without (Cont diet) and with 10 mmol.kg BW-1.d-1 of calcium propionate (Prop diet) for 4 weeks in randomized order. With the hyperglycemic clamp, the ratio of plasma insulin increment to glucose infusion rate did not differ between the diets, but for the Prop diet the ratio was less during the pre-feeding period. With the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp, the glucose infusion rate was lower (P < 0.05) for the Prop diet than the Cont diet, and increased (P < 0.05) after feeding. In rams supplemented propionate tissue responsiveness to insulin was reduced. Propionate supplementation may either impair glucose utilization in response to insulin infusion or enhance glucose production from propionate.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case report of hypodipsic hypernatremia syndrome associated with suprasellar tumor.

A 20-year-old woman was diagnosed as hypodipsic hypernatremia syndrome in association with a variety of hypothalamic syndromes. Computed brain tomography disclosed a space occupying lesion over the region of the hypothalamus, lateral ventricle and paraventricles. Evaluation revealed defective osmoregulation of thirst and AVP release and hypothalamic syndrome. She showed no desire to drink at a plasma osmolality of above 320 mOsm/kg. Dissociation in the plasma vasopressin response to osmotic change and hemodynamic change was demonstrated in this patient. Treatment with a vasopressin analogue, desamino-D-arginine vasopressin and forced intake of water restored plasma osmolality and serum sodium levels to normal. In this case, selective osmoregulating dysfunction was presumably associated with pathologic conditions in or around the hypothalamus.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of dentin primer application on regional bond strength to cervical wedge-shaped cavity walls.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of multiple applications of self-etching primer on regional tensile bond strength (microTBS) to artificial wedge-shaped cavities (i.e., occlusal vs gingival wall). Eighteen extracted noncarious human molars were used to measure microTBS, and four additional teeth were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the interface. Wedge-shaped defects were prepared in the buccal cervical dentin. The teeth were mounted on their distal surface, simulating the supine position of the teeth during dental treatment. The teeth were divided into two groups according to the bonding systems [Clearfil Liner Bond II (LB) or Imperva Fluoro Bond (FB)], and again divided into two subgroups for bonding. One group (Group S) was treated once with the primer according to the manufacturer's instructions. For the other group (Group M), the primer was applied several times for the period recommended by the manufacturer. The adhesive bonding resins were then applied to the cavity walls, and restored with a low-viscosity resin composite (Protect Liner F), and stored in 37 degrees C water for 24 hours. The resin-bonded teeth were serially sliced parallel to the long axis of the tooth. The adhesive interface of each slice was trimmed alternately at the occlusal or gingival wall, and a microtensile testing method was used to compare resin bond strength to each wall. With both adhesive systems and primer application methods, tensile bond strength to the gingival wall was significantly lower than to the occlusal wall (P < 0.05). Tensile bond strength of LB to each cavity wall of a wedge-shaped defect increased significantly by multiple primer application (P < 0.05); however, bond strengths of FB were not significantly different after multiple primer applications.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Meloxicam inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung cancer.

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 has been reported to play an important role in carcinogenesis. Meloxicam (preferential COX-2 inhibitor) inhibits the growth of COX-2 positive and COX-1 negative colorectal cancer cells. We evaluated the effects of meloxicam on the growth of lung cancer cells. By reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis, COX-2 but not COX-1 was expressed in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549 and PC14). In human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line (H841), both COX-1 and COX-2 were not detected. MTT assay and prostaglandin (PG) E2 enzyme immunoassay showed that meloxicam inhibited the growth and PGE2 production of both A549 and PC14, but not H841 cells. These findings suggest that COX-2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of NSCLC, and that meloxicam may be a useful therapeutic agents in the treatment of NSCLC.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of the direction of tubules on bond strength to dentin.

This study investigated the influence of the direction of dentinal tubules on resin-dentin tensile bond strength (mu TBS) using four commercially available bonding systems and observed the resin-dentin interfaces with an SEM. The dentin bonding systems used in this study were Clearfil Liner Bond II (LB, Kuraray), Imperva Fluoro Bond (FB, Shofu), Single Bond (SB, 3M) and One-Step (OS, BISCO). Thirty-six extracted caries-free human molars were used for micro tensile bond testing and eight additional teeth were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The teeth were divided into two groups according to the direction of the dentinal tubules at the resin-dentin interface: a perpendicular group, in which the occlusal enamel was removed perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth, and a parallel group, in which the mesial half of the tooth was removed parallel to the long axis of the tooth, and the coronal dentin surface was used for bonding. After the flat dentin surfaces were polished with #600 silicon carbide paper, each surface was treated with one of the four adhesive systems according to the manufacturer's recommendation, then covered with resin composite (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray) to provide sufficient bulk for micro-tensile bond testing. After 24 hours in 37 degrees C water, the resin-bonded teeth were serially sliced perpendicular to the adhesive surface, the adhesive interface trimmed to a cross sectional area of 1 mm2 and subjected to tensile forces at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis of the tensile bond strengths were performed using two-way ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test at 95% level of confidence. The tensile bond strength of the group with tubules parallel to the bonded interface was higher than that of tubules cut perpendicularly. This tendency reached statistical significance using SB and OS.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between adhesive thickness and microtensile bond strength.

This study evaluated the effect of the thickness of the adhesive resin layer of two commercially available resin bonding systems on bond strengths (Single Bond and Liner Bond 2V). The adhesive of Single Bond contains ethanol and water as solvents and is applied using the moist-bonding technique. The adhesive of Liner Bond 2V contains no solvents and is applied after a self-etching primer treatment. Forty-six caries-free molars were ground flat to expose the dentin surface and polished with #800-grit silicon carbide paper under running water. A vinyl tape punched with a 6 mm diameter hole was then placed on the dentin surface to demarcate the area for bonding. The thickness of the adhesive resin layer was varied by stacking an increasing numbers of vinyl tapes together. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups and treated with either Clearfil Liner Bond 2V or Single Bond. They were further divided into subgroups according to the number of tapes placed on the dentin surface. After the bonding procedures the teeth were incrementally restored with Clearfil AP-X resin composite, building a 5 mm high crown to produce sufficient bulk for the microtensile bond test and stored in tap water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The teeth were then sectioned along their long axis into 0.7 mm thick slabs and trimmed for the microtensile bond test using a super-fine diamond bur. The thickness of the adhesive resin layer was then measured with a light microscope and the slabs tested in tension at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The results were subjected to statistical analysis by a one-way analysis of variance and linear regressions with 95% confidence intervals. The thickness of the Clearfil Liner Bond 2V adhesive layer ranged from 5 mm-1500 mm, and for Single Bond, it varied from < 7.5 mm-430 mm. For Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, bond strengths increased significantly as the thickness of bonding layer increased (p < 0.05). However, the bond strengths of the Single Bond decreased significantly with increased thickness of the bonding layer (p < 0.05).

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bond strengths of single-bottle dentin adhesives to caries-affected dentin.

There is concern that some acidic conditioners may not be strong enough to adequately etch sclerotic or caries-affected dentin. The hypothesis that was tested was that there were no significant differences in the bond strengths of single-bottle bonding systems to normal or caries-affected dentin, regardless of the strength of the phosphoric-acid conditioner. Extracted teeth with coronal caries extending into mid-dentin were prepared by grinding the occlusal surface flat. This left a central region of caries-affected dentin surrounded by normal dentin. The One-Step bonding system was used to bond dentin following etching with 10 or 32% phosphoric acid. The Single Bond system was used after etching dentin with 10 or 35% phosphoric acid. After 24 hours in water, serial vertical sections were made through the bonded teeth to create slabs 0.7 mm thick. Each tooth yielded four to five slabs, some of which included normal dentin, while others included caries-affected dentin. Each slab was trimmed into an hourglass configuration to limit the test area to normal or caries-affected dentin. The results obtained with One-Step following etching with 10% phosphoric acid showed lower (P < 0.05) tensile bond strengths to caries-affected dentin compared to normal dentin (36.9 +/- 8.0 MPa vs 47.7 +/- 6.5 MPa, respectively). This difference disappeared when using 32% phosphoric acid (49.7 +/- 6.1 MPa vs 45.0 +/- 7.2 MPa, respectively). Bonds made to caries-affected dentin with Single Bond were always lower than bonds to normal dentin regardless of the strength of the phosphoric acid. Scanning electron microscopy of polished cross sections sequentially challenged with acid and NaOCl revealed loss of the middle of the hybrid layers created by either bonding system in caries-affected dentin etched with 10% phosphoric acid. It is clear that 32-35% phosphoric acid is required to adequately etch caries-affected dentin in order to produce high bond strengths and well-infiltrated demineralized dentin.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Atypical primary sclerosing cholangitis cases associated with unusual pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We encountered one group of primary sclerosing cholangitis cases which met classic criteria, but demonstrated better clinical courses. METHODOLOGY: We evaluated the clinical characteristics of several cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis, especially those associated with chronic pancreatitis. RESULTS: Of a total of 25 cases, eight had a background of pancreatitis with unusual irregularly segmental or diffuse narrowing features on pancreatography. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography also revealed segmental or diffuse enlargement of the pancreas. Pathological findings of surgical specimens in two cases pointed to lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis. The walls of the lower biliary ducts were also thickened with a similar appearance to the pancreatic ducts. In seven cases, cholangiography displayed stenosis of the lower part of the common bile duct and in one case, only the hepatic hilar region was affected. In this case both biliary and pancreatic lesions responded to steroid therapy simultaneously. One case developed hepatic hilar stenosis four months after a lesion in the lower part of the common bile duct had disappeared. The cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis with pancreatitis demonstrated better clinical courses than did typical cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Six cases were characterized by autoimmunological abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that similar etiological agents might impact on both the pancreas and biliary tract, either simultaneously or in sequence. We propose new criteria for these atypical primary sclerosing cholangitis cases.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma in human lung cancer.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma is a member of the steroid nuclear receptors. Recent studies have demonstrated that PPAR-gamma is expressed in several cancer cells. We examined the PPAR-gamma expression in both normal lung and major types of human lung cancer. The expression of PPAR-gamma mRNA was detected in 2 out of 3 normal lung tissues and its protein was detected in 3 out of 5 normal lung tissues. In contrast, a small cell carcinoma cell line and all other types of lung cancer tissues expressed PPAR-gamma mRNA and its protein. Immunoreactive PPAR-gamma is strongly expressed in cancer cells and moderately in mononuclear cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts of lung cancer tissues. Our results suggest that PPAR-gamma may play an important role in the pathogenesis and/or progression of lung cancer, and may be a novel therapeutical target for therapy of lung cancer.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bond strength and SEM observation of CO2 laser irradiated dentin, bonded with simplified-step adhesives.

This study investigated, mechanically and morphologically, whether the dentin surface irradiated by CO2 laser could be a possible adherent when bonded with simplified-step adhesives. Buccal enamel and cementum of extracted human premolars were removed to expose a flat dentin surface. The dentin surfaces were irradiated continuously with CO2 laser at 1.0 W. Before bonding with either a single-bottle adhesive (Single Bond) or a self-etching priming system (Mega Bond), the irradiated dentin surface was treated as follows: no treatment, NaHCO3 powder abrasion and wet-grinding with 600-grit SiC paper. The treated dentin surfaces were bonded to resin composite with either of the two adhesives. Non-irradiated dentin surfaces were also used as control. Resin bonded specimens were stored in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and subjected to microtensile bond test. Additionally, to observe the resin/irradiated dentin interface, resin-bonded specimens were similarly prepared, sectioned into slabs, embedded in epoxy resin, polished with diamond pastes, sputter coated Au-Pd and examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). After SEM observation, the specimens were further polished with diamond paste to remove the Au-Pd sputter-coat, immersed in HCL and NaOCl and finally observed by SEM again. In the presence of carbonized dentin, microtensile bond strength drastically decreased but recovered to the control value by removing the carbonized dentin layer visually with SiC paper for both adhesive systems. However, the laser-affected dentin that remained on the bonded interface was easily dissolved with NaOCl and HCl.

Air Abrasion, Dental↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Calcification of the vertebral artery.

A series of 3,648 computed tomographic (CT) scans was reviewed to determine the incidence of intracranial vertebral artery calcification. Calcification was identified in one or both vertebral arteries in 3.4% and was more frequent in the higher age groups. Skull radiographs demonstrated vertebral artery calcification in only one of 48 patients in whom CT studies showed it. A high correlation was observed between vertebral artery calcification on CT and vertebral artery stenosis on cerebral angiography.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microporous dentin zone beneath resin-impregnated layer.

The purpose of this study was to investigate marginal microleakage by examining the resin/dentin interface using a cryo-SEM and a silver ion penetration method. Class 5 cervical cavities were restored using an adhesive resin system following treatment with 37% phosphoric acid gel. The cavity wall adaptation was observed using cryo-SEM to avoid specimen damage. This observation showed excellent marginal adaptation of material to cavity walls and no gap formation. However, silver ions had penetrated beneath the resin-impregnated layer when observed with conventional SEM images, which showed the leakage of silver ions between the resin and decalcified tooth structure without gap formation. This study suggests that the bonding monomers of Clearfil Photo Bond were not fully able to penetrate into the demineralized dentin after phosphoric acid etching, thus leaving a porous zone as a microleakage pathway beneath the resin-impregnated layer.

Acid Etching, Dental↗