Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Sassoon.
We report subcutaneous emphysema and pneumothorax as immediate complications of endotracheal intubation in a patient with diffuse interstitial lung disease. We postulate increased intra-alveolar pressure during intubation leading to rupture of a subpleural bleb or cyst as a possible mechanism causing these complications.
Hydrocalycosis is the progressive cystic dilatation of a major calyx due to infundibular obstruction. Two cases of hydrocalycosis are herein presented and several diagnostic procedures are discussed. A correct diagnosis can be made by proper use of newer radiographic techniques. Treatment depends upon the etiological and complicating factors.
Intersitial pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis developed in a 72-year-old man during therapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone. After extensive investigations, including an open lung biopsy, cyclophosphamide appeared to be the cause of the pulmonary disease. Complete disappearance of tachypnea and the pulmonary infiltrates occurred after the discontinuation of cyclophosphamide and the institution of prednisone therapy. We concluded that the diffuse pulmonary disease in this patient was a result of cyclophosphamide therapy. The clinical and pathologic findings in this case and a review of the literature of cyclophosphamide pulmonary toxicity are reported.
Tomography was useful in the preoperative assessment of twenty-one tibial-plateau fractures. It helped in classifying these fractures more precisely, information which is very important if the results of different methods of treatment are to be compared. It demonstrated clearly the extent of fracture depression or displacement, or both, as well as the site of the fracture and the extent of fracture comminution. The findings were confirmed at operation in the thirteen patients who had surgery.
High-dose bolus urography was evaluated in 38 patients with severe renal failure. Iothalamate meglumine (Conray 60) (2 ml/kg of body weight) was injected within one minute and nephrotomograms were taken for 30 minutes, with delayed films until 24 hours. Immediate nephrograms were obtained in all cases. The collecting systems, seen in 29 cases, were dilated in three. In the rest, obstruction could be ruled out by a combination of roentgenographic criteria. No untoward reactions occurred, and all the required information was obtained within 30 minutes. The results were superior to plain nephrotomography or infusion pyelography. We conclude that bolus nephrotomography is the procedure of choice in the investigation of severe renal failure.
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