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Biomedical subjects

H Schüller

Publications and source records attributed to H Schüller.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Computed tomography and conventional x-ray diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases].

One hundred and sixty-four patients with pulmonary fibrosis were examined by CT and by conventional radiological methods. Sixty patients had asbestosis, thirty-nine silicosis, forty sarcoidosis and twenty-five had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. CT is superior to conventional radiography in evaluating interstitial pulmonary changes, particularly of the pleura and the lung parenchyma. Areas of fibrosis and of emphysema can be demonstrated without any overlap. In sixty-nine patients there were some findings which could only be demonstrated by CT. In asbestosis, silicosis and sarcoidosis the CT classification of the lung parenchyma which we have suggested produces significantly better correlation with vital capacity than can be achieved from conventional chest films, according to the guide-lines of the I.L.O.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Far-field QRS complex sensing via the atrial pacemaker lead. I. Mechanism, consequences, differential diagnosis and countermeasures in AAI and VDD/DDD pacing.

Unintended sensing of QRS complexes via atrial pacemaker leads may cause disorders of pacemaker function in AAI, VDD and DDD pacing. The consequences of this phenomenon depend upon the pacing mode and the timing of the inappropriate sensing as related to the technical characteristics of the pulse generator. With AAI pacemakers, "inappropriate pacemaker bradycardia" may be seen or P-wave undersensing may be simulated. With VDD and DDD systems a special kind of pacemaker mediated tachycardia or apparent P-wave undersensing may result. With knowledge of the underlying mechanisms, differential diagnosis is possible. The countermeasures available are discussed.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1988

Far-field QRS complex sensing via the atrial pacemaker lead. II. Prevalence, clinical significance and possibility of intraoperative prediction in DDD pacing.

To study the prevalence and significance of far-field QRS complex sensing via unipolar atrial electrodes, we attempted to provoke this phenomenon postoperatively in 119 patients with DDD pacemakers. It occurred in 42 patients (35%), with different types of atrial electrodes. In 27 cases with documented far-field QRS complex sensing, selection of an adequate atrial amplifier sensitivity eliminated the problem; in the remaining 15 cases, other program adjustments were necessary. In all patients DDD pacing could be maintained, and no reoperations were required. In a retrospective analysis of a subgroup of 26 patients, all having received endocardial unipolar carbon tip electrodes in the right atrial appendage, the possibility of predicting subsequent far-field QRS complex sensing was studied. The occurrence thereof was not significantly related to patient age or sex, indication for pacing, or routinely obtained electrophysiological measurements. Potential far-field QRS complex sensing via the atrial electrode is significantly common in patients with DDD pacemakers. Patient characteristics and intraoperatively measured intraatrial signal amplitudes are not useful in predicting the postoperative occurrence of the phenomenon. As a rule, it can be handled effectively by pulse generator reprogramming.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Radiation therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Retrospective study for the assessment of long-term results].

During the years from 1967 to 1986, 90 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinomas were irradiated at the Radiologic Hospital of Bonn University. The median overall survival time was 4.3 years which corresponded to 23% of the statistical life expectancy of the patients. 66% were still alive after two years and 46.5% after five years. Compared to the overall group, the prognosis was significantly worse in case of highly differentiated, keratinizing squamous cell carcinomas, penetration of the primary tumor into the base of the skull, or certain symptoms as ophthalmo-neurologic troubles, headaches, loss of body weight, night sweat, or fever. After partial tumor excision performed prior to irradiation or complete remission following to radiotherapy, the therapy results were better than the average with median survival times of about eleven years.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1987

[Parametric visualization of cerebral perfusion by intravenous digital angiography].

Intravenous digital subtraction angiography is often used for evaluation of the extracranial and major intracranial vessels. The information obtained by this examination concerning cerebral perfusion is usually judged visually. In 50 patients a time-density curve at a specific point was analysed using 128 X 128 matrix. The level of grey scale at the moment of arrival of the bolus permits estimation of the haemodynamics of the intracranial vessels and provides a simple demonstration of differences of perfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Lung parenchymatous changes following mustard gas poisoning].

The authors present a late sequel of poisoning with dichlorodiethyl sulphide, also known as mustard gas or Ypérite, in a patient of 22 years of age--a late sequel not described in the literature to date. After the poisoning, a severe pulmonary fibrosis with pulmonary artery hypertension developed. A mediastinal emphysema that had so far been observed only during the acute intoxication phase, was evident even two years after the intoxication. Perivascular collections of air in the left lung communicating via the left hilus with the mediastinal air point to the existence of bronchus or lung parenchyma fistulas.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A procedure for taking into account scattered radiation and scattered light in the densitometric determination of intravascular iodine content].

Scattered light and scattered radiation are two significant sources of error during video densitometry and lead to local under-estimation of iodine concentration. A procedure is described using digital subtraction angiography which largely eliminates both factors. The measured intravascular iodine concentration is close to the true value throughout the entire intensifier field and quantitative evaluation is independent of local factors. The reduction of the artifacts improves diagnostic certainty during visual evaluation also.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1987

[Therapeutic results in small-cell bronchial carcinoma after ACO II chemotherapy and adjuvant radiation].

During the period from 1980 through 1984, 67 patients suffering from small-cell bronchial carcinomas were submitted to a complete ACO II treatment scheme combined with adjuvant irradiation. The complete remission rate was 12%, the partial remission rate 74%. Half of the patients with limited disease survived 12.3 months or more. The median survival time of patients with extensive disease was eight months. An irradiation of the tumor core had been found useful in cases where remote hematogenous metastases could not be demonstrated. It was shown that a prophylactic skull irradiation after the second chemotherapy series was applied too early, because persisting primary tumor residues formed late intracerebral metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Atrial versus ventricular pacing in sinus node disease: a treatment comparison study.

Treatment with conventional ventricular pacing does not seem to influence the natural course in patients with sinus node disease (SND). In the present study the natural course of SND was compared in patients treated with ventricular (VVI) and those treated with atrial (AAI) pacing. The study population comprised 168 patients, 89 with atrial and 79 with ventricular pacing. The two groups were comparable with respect to clinical characteristics, degree of severity of SND, and length of follow-up period (average 2 years). Development of chronic atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure was significantly more common in patients with ventricular than in those with atrial pacing (30% vs 4%, p less than 0.001; 23% vs 7%, p less than 0.01). Second-degree atrioventricular block developed in 4% of the atrially paced patients. Thus, atrial pacing is apparently superior to ventricular pacing in patients with SND.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Inverse relation between patient age and chronic stimulation threshold in permanent endocardial ventricular pacing.

The influence of age of the adult pacemaker patient upon postoperative threshold rise and chronic stimulation threshold was investigated by means of noninvasive threshold measurements in a group of 47 patients (aged 50 to 93 years), all provided with porous endocardial ventricular electrodes (Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc.) and Siemens-Elema Vario pulse generators. The voltage threshold recorded at implantation showed no age dependence; however, the threshold rise within 1 month after implantation, maximal recorded threshold, as well as the chronic threshold were inversely related to age--i.e., in older patients lower values were obtained. These results probably reflect a lesser local tissue reaction at the site of the electrode tip in the elderly. In the individual patient no relation could be found between stimulation threshold at implantation and maximal or chronic threshold.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical results of a simple new nuclear medical method for determining cerebral blood flow].

Dynamic cerebral scintigraphy is a widely used, non-invasive procedure for the diagnosis of haemodynamic changes in the supra-aortic arterial territory. Eighty examinations have been carried out using a new method, which depends on demonstrating the time of arrival of the bolus within certain parameters. A definite advantage of the simultaneous demonstration of flow in various vascular territories is the fact that it is easily and rapidly perceived and that it is readily interpreted without depending on the subjective judgement of the operator. In addition, it is unnecessary to measure regions of interest.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Esophageal ECG recording--a valuable diagnostic tool in dual chamber pacing.

The interpretation of the ECG of a dual chamber pacemaker necessitates the identification of atrial activity. This is a prerequisite for the evaluation of pacemaker function and for the correct adjustment of programmable pulse generators. The assessment of atrial capture in standard 12-lead ECGs is, however, sometimes rather difficult. Esophageal ECG recording by means of a reusable unipolar electrode, inserted transnasally, and connected to a standard ECG recorder, is a simple, rapid and inexpensive method for the reliable identification of P-waves. Clinical examples are presented to illustrate the value of this technique in determining atrial capture and as a tool for the differential diagnosis of pacemaker-involved tachycardias. The use of esophageal ECG recording in the clinical follow-up of patients with dual chamber pacemakers is recommended.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗