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Biomedical subjects

H Scherrer

Publications and source records attributed to H Scherrer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Specific binding of [3H]prostaglandin E2 to rat brain membranes and synaptosomes.

There is saturable, reversible and specific binding for [3H]prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) to rat brain membranes. This binding is of high affinity, selectively distributed with a maximum in the hypothalamus, the amygdala and the posterior pituitary, and is associated subcellularly with the synaptosomal fraction. This specific PGE2 binding has the characteristics expected for receptors, so opening new perspectives which might clarify the role of PGs in the brain.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1981

[Endorphins: structure, roles and biogenesis].

The knowledge of the amino acid sequence of both beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH) and gamma-LPH was the starting point that led to the hypothesis, considered revolutionary in 1967, that hormonal precursors exist. This concept was simultaneously proposed for proinsulin and applied later to other polypeptide hormones. The discovery of endorphins brought together two fields of research that were not related: the opiates and the so-called pituitary lipotropic hormones. The demonstration of specific brain opiate receptors led to the hypothesis of the existence of endogenous opiate ligands which could act as neurotransmittors. The isolation of such substances in the brain, first named enkephalins, revealed through their amino acid sequence their structural homology with the pituitary lipolytic hormones. The finding of a more potent opioid substance in the pituitary (beta-endorphin) that comprises the last 31 amino acids of beta-LPH shed a new light on the hypothesis proposed earlier which gave to beta-LPH a role as a precursor molecule. Finally, the addition of ACTH completed a putative multipotent precursor model that has been recently named pro-opiomelanocortin. Pulse-chase experiments have definitely proven that beta-endorphin is a maturation product of a large precursor also containing ACTH and MSH. In other studies, many groups have suggested that endorphins play important roles as possible neuromodulators in pain transmission, in analgesia, in tolerance and dependence, as well as on behavior and endocrine regulations, mainly those related to the hypothalamo-pituitary axes. The elucidation of the biosynthetic process or processes of cerebral endorphins (either enkephalins or beta-endorphin) is of primary importance in order ot understand better their biological as well as regulatory functions. These studies should also be applicable to the biosynthesis of all the other neuronal peptide hormones. It is hoped that they will provide new tools for the study of some important central nervous system functions, such as pain and endocrine control and the physiopathology of behavioral diseases.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1979

[In vitro biosynthesis of beta-lipotropin in brain tissue].

We have recently developed methods to identify biosynthetized beta-endorphin and beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH) following incubation of Rat pars intermedia with radioactive amino acids. We used the same approach for rat brain tissue. In the striatum we found a peptide similar to beta-LPH while its identification in hypothalamus was less positive. This is the first demonstration of such biosynthesis and it could well be an important step in determining the biosynthetic patterns of cerebral endorphins and enkephalins.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Immunoreactive beta-endorphin in the rat mammotropic transplantable tumor (MtT-F4).

Raised levels of what appeared to be beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH), beta-melanotropic hormone, and beta-endorphin were detected by radioimmunoassay in the plasma of rats bearing the mammotropic transplantable pituitary tumor MtT-F4. The immunoreactivity to anti-beta-endorphin in the assay was displayed by a substance with the molecular weight of beta-LPH, as determined by gel filtration. Isolated cells of MtT-F4 tumor incubated in vitro released immunoreactive beta-LPH and beta-endorphin, with the expected molecular weights, into the incubation medium. These results suggest that the pituitary transplantable rat tumor MtT-F4 secretes peptides structurally related to beta-LPH.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1978

[Own experiences in the orthopedic treatment of meningomyelocele].

30 myelomeningocele patients which were surveyed at Zurich's Children's Hospital and at the Wilhelm Schulthess Clinic in the years from 1962 to 1976 have been postexamined. Significant for the rehabilitation of these children in respect for the gaining of their best ever possible independence and capability to walk are primarily the neurosegmental level of the lesion, the remaining motor power as well as intelligence and motivation. Of secondary significance is the orthopaedic operation whereby specifically the correction of fixed deformity is important. The quantity of anesthesias should be hold at minimum, bilateral hip-dislocations can be left alone, and psoas-transfers (SHARRARD) should be made on children with strong quadriceps only.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1977

[Hernia of intervertebral disc: treatment by manipulation under general anesthesia (author's transl)].

From 1956 to 1973 94 patients underwent altogether 104 manipulations of their spine under general anaesthesia 60% of the results were excellent and good; of the 40% remainder poor results more than half of the patients had to undergo a hemilaminotomy within one year. The time of observation was minimum 1, maximum 16 years, average 5.5 years. Having regard to a subtile indication we had no irreversible complications. The results was slightly better in older patients: otherwise there was no correlation with age, duration of suffering, myelographic disc-hernia or any other parameter.

Adolescent↗