Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Schröder.
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Generalized periodontal abscesses with considerable increase in the volume and sensitivity of the gingiva, tooth loosening, and malaise accompanied by fever and weight loss were observed in 22 of 35 patients studied. The symptoms developed after antibiotic treatment for another disease. Local therapeutic measures alone were successful. Success was obtained only after institution of directed antibiotic therapy.
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Between 1965--78 118 newborns with septicemia have been treated in the Children's Hospital of the Free University Berlin. Microorganisms identified were streptococci in 32 cases, 27 of which were group B streptococci (increasing number since 1973). In 1978 group B streptococci were responsible for 44% of all the septicemia cases as well as for 12% of all newborn deaths. The incidence of group B streptococcal septicemia in newborn babies is 1/1000 live births for the Berlin region. 2 patients presented the late-onset type of group B streptococcal neonatal sepsis; both survived having neurological sequelae. 25 newborns belonged to the early-onset group, the mortality rate in this group is 56%. The clinical features, bacteriological findings and risk factors are summarized in table form. There could be an influence related to the maternal blood type. Histological examinations in 5 placentae revealed signs of amniotic infection.
Elimination of mechanical and traumatic factors, consistent oral hygiene, and local antimycotic therapy led to rapid healing of the inflammatory alterations in most cases of stomatitis prothetica. Long-time observations showed a high frequency of recurrence; the way in which the prosthesis was worn was apparently a major contributing factor. These alterations often appeared as spotty or flat inflammatory red patches (i.e. denture stomatitis) and were sometimes combined with inflammatory granular or papillary hyperplasia and angular cheilitis. The associated subjective symptoms were slight or entirely absent.
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The catheters were inserted by puncture or venous cut down of the subclavian-jugular-or the brachial vein. Misplacement of the catheter and its complications are analysed. Mortality rate of 1771 central venous catheters (1968 to 1977) is 0,2%.
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In the isolated, artificially perfused guinea pig placenta the relationship between arterial pressures, venous pressures and the relative transfer of 3H2O, D-glucose and albumin was studied at constant arterial perfusion rates. The results were as follows: A. Elevation of the fetal venous pressure induces an increase of flow resistance at the maternal side. Fetal perfusion resistance is raised by elevated pressure in the uterine vein also, the effect is much more pronounced, however. B. When the outflow resistance increases, a net transfer of water especially from the fetal to the maternal side can be observed. The relationship between the venous pressure difference and the rate of filtration is non-linear. C. The fetomaternal transfer of 131J-albumin and of 3H2O resp. D-glucose is influenced by fetomaternal filtration to a different degree. Whereas the albumin transfer increases strongly, the transfer rates of tritiated water and glucose change little.
Nuclear size and density were determined in brain regions with different glial--neurone composition in rats up to 35 weeks after porto-caval anastomosis. In the white matter, i.e. corpus callosum, both the total cell count and the percentage of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes were unchanged. In the corpus striatum, where the glial/neurone ratio is about 1, the number of nuclei registered as astrocytes increased, and after 35 weeks astrocytes comprised 29% of glial cells (compared with 15% in controls). However, the number of oligodendrogial nuclei decreased simultaneously, leaving the total glial number unchanged. In the animals with longest experimental period there was a 15% loss of neurones. In a region with higher glial/neurone ratio, i.e. the Purkinje cell layer, the neurones showed a similar reduction, whereas the number of Bergmann astrocyte nuclei increased less than striatal astrocytes. A small group of animals with pronounced signs of encephalopathy had a higher loss of neurones and, furthermore, the glial number in corpus striatum and callosum was reduced, due to loss of oligodendrocytes. Despite the use of perfusion fixation, the size of astrocyte nuclei increased, this was reversible, as only slight changes were seen after 35 weeks. A possible explanation of the increase in astrocyte nuclear count and decrease in oligodendroglial count could be that nuclei normally considered to be oligodendroglial are transformed into nuclei with morphological characteristics of astrocytes.