Biomedical subjects

H Schroten

Publications and source records attributed to H Schroten.

58 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro and in vivo inhibition of lectin mediated adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by receptor blocking carbohydrates.

In vitro and in vivo experiments with Balb/c mice and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 supported our hypothesis that bacterial lectins play an important role in the organotropy of infectious diseases. In vitro and in vivo adhesion of P. aeruginosa was mediated by N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) receptors. Blocking of the binding sites (lectins) on the bacterial surfaces with competitive specific carbohydrates (NANA) completely prevented the bacterial adhesion process in vitro. In vivo the number of adherent organisms in various organs decreased dramatically in the presence of NANA, whereas non-related carbohydrates (e.g. D-galactose) just showed negligible effects. Additionally, the application of NANA-treated organisms protected the animals from septicemia and death. Therefore, blocking of bacterial lectin receptors with specific carbohydrates might be of clinical relevance to prevent bacterial attachment to organ cells.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

S-fimbriae mediated adhesion of Escherichia coli to human buccal epithelial cells is age independent.

S-fimbriated Escherichia coli, which cause sepsis and meningitis in the newborn, bind to sialic acid-containing glycoprotein structures on the surface of human buccal epithelial cells. The dependence of this binding on host age was examined. S-fimbriated E. coli adhered in comparable numbers to cells in newborns, infants, children and adults (23.0 +/- 8.6; 23.1 +/- 11.5; 24.7 +/- 7.9; 28.9 +/- 8.8). Thus, the increased susceptibility of neonates to infections caused by S-fimbriated E. coli cannot be explained by enhanced adhesion to epithelial cells.

Age Factors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pertussis complications in Germany--3 years of hospital-based surveillance during the introduction of acellular vaccines.

Between 1 November 1993 and 31 October 1996, admissions to paediatric departments for Bordetella pertussis complications were reported to a nationwide, hospital-based active surveillance system. The case definition included pertussis complicated by pneumonia, apnoea requiring assisted ventilation, seizures, encephalopathy or a combination of these. Two hundred sixteen cases of pertussis complications were registered. 57.4% of them were in infants, 50.9% of them less than 6 months old. There were five deaths, three previously healthy children died. At the time of hospital admission, 106 cases would have been eligible for at least three doses of pertussis vaccine, only four (3.8%) had received the recommended number of immunisations. From the second quarter of 1995, the reported number of cases declined. The decrease coincides with an improvement of pertussis vaccination coverage between 1992 and 1995 due to an increased use of acellular vaccines. The reduction of complicated pertussis was observed even in age-groups too young for the recommended vaccinations. The observed decrease could be due to the increase in vaccination coverage with interruption of the chain of transmission to the younger age-groups, to a cyclic decrease in pertussis cases, or to a combination of both. Continued surveillance will provide information on the epidemiological trend of hospitalisations for pertussis complications in the first European country to have introduced vaccination with acellular vaccines on a large scale.

Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Combined trimethoprim and caspofungin treatment for severe Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a five year old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Caspofungin was used for the first time with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for treatment of high risk Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) in a pediatric immunocompromised patient. Despite the need for mechanical ventilation, the pediatric patient with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia improved within nine days of treatment and showed no major side effects. The apparent relative lack of toxicity and of pharmacokinetic drug interactions makes caspofungin an attractive agent.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis↗