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H Shapiro

Publications and source records attributed to H Shapiro.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The Denver II: a major revision and restandardization of the Denver Developmental Screening Test.

Since the Denver Developmental Screening Test was first published 23 years ago, it has been utilized worldwide and restandardized in more than a dozen countries. Concerns raised through the years by test users about specific items and features of the Denver Developmental Screening Test, coupled with a need for more current norms, have prompted a major revision and restandardization of the test. For the revision, 336 potential items were administered to more than 2000 children. The average number of times each item was administered was 540. Using regression analysis, composite norms for the total sample and norms for subgroups (based on gender, ethnicity, maternal education, and place of residence), were used to determine new age norms. The final selection of the 125 Denver II items was based on the following criteria: ease of administration and scoring, item appeal to child and examiner, item test-retest and inter-rater reliability, minimal "refusal" scores, minimal "no opportunity" scores, minimal subgroup differences, and a smooth step-like progression of ages at which 90% of children could perform the tasks. The major differences between the Denver II and the Denver Developmental Screening Test are: 1) an 86% increase in language items; 2) two articulation items; 3) a new age scale; 4) a new category of item interpretation to identify milder delays; 6) a behavior rating scale; and 7) new training materials.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Mesangiolysis: an important glomerular lesion in thrombotic microangiopathy.

Six cases of malignancy-associated thrombotic microangiopathy and eight cases of idiopathic microangiopathy have been studied by renal biopsy. All patients of both groups had mild to severe renal impairment and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. The renal lesions were histopathologically identical in the two groups. The most characteristic abnormalities were glomerular mesangiolysis and glomerular and arteriolar thrombosis. Subendothelial widening, presumably due to entrapment of blood components, and the formation of capillary and arteriolar thrombi may be attributed to endothelial damage. Glomerular fibrinogen was demonstrated by immunofluorescence in a majority of cases. Immunofluorescence also showed glomerular immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Clq in a majority of cases and C3 in slightly less than half. Mesangiolysis, present in every case, resulted in coalescence of capillary lumina, but mesangiolysis is a bland process, easily overlooked. The mesangial waists of the glomerular tufts seemed to unravel and come apart, with no inflammatory reaction or fibrin deposition on the luminal surface. The presence of capillary enlargement was confirmed morphometrically as an increased proportion of glomerular sectional area. In what appeared to be a late stage of mesangiolysis, the mesangium was thickened by pale fibrillary material, producing a lobulated glomerular tuft and eventual glomerular solidification. The early stages of mesangiolysis may be reflected only in glomerular capillary ectasia, whereas the late stages produce a distinctive form of glomerular sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: ultrastructural examination of sequential renal biopsies.

We present the renal biopsy findings in two brothers with nephrotic syndrome and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency. Mesangial expansion and capillary wall thickening were accompanied by numerous extracellular osmiophilic membranes within round lucent spaces, by round lamellar deposits, and by amorphous deposits containing thread-like structures with cross-striations. A second biopsy in one of the brothers, when he had developed renal insufficiency 8 yr later, showed increased mesangial and capillary wall thickening. The deposits, which had been in predominantly subepithelial and intramembranous locations, were now in a more prominent subendothelial location. The subepithelial localization of the deposits seen on initial examination may be related to their cationic charge, perhaps with binding to glomerular polyanion, and to uptake by glomerular epithelial cells. The accumulation of lipid is associated with progressive mesangial and glomerular sclerosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Logarithmic amplifiers.

Logarithmic amplifiers (log amps), which produce an output signal proportional to the logarithm of the input signal, are widely used in cytometry for measurements of parameters that vary over a wide dynamic range, e.g., cell surface immunofluorescence. Existing log amp circuits all deviate to some extent from ideal performance with respect to dynamic range and fidelity to the logarithmic curve; accuracy in quantitative analysis using log amps therefore requires that log amps be individually calibrated. However, accuracy and precision may be limited by photon statistics and system noise when very low level input signals are encountered.

Amplifiers, Electronic↗
PubMed1989

Breech presentation after cesarean section: always a section?

A retrospective review of 71 breech deliveries after previous cesarean was done to determine the need for repeat cesarean section. Twenty-four (33.8%) women were allocated to the elective repeat cesarean section group and forty-seven (66.2%) patients were allocated to a trial of labor group. Thirty-seven (78.7%) were delivered of their infants vaginally. A total of 37 of the 71 women (52.1%) had successful vaginal deliveries. Neonatal morbidity did not differ for women who were delivered vaginally or by cesarean section. Maternal febrile morbidity was significantly higher in the cesarean section group than in the vaginal delivery group (p less than 0.001). On the basis of these data, a trial of labor seems reasonable in carefully selected cases of breech presentation after a previous cesarean section.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Late maternal age and postdate pregnancy.

Charts of 443 postdate pregnancies were reviewed to determine the effect of late maternal age on pregnancy outcome. There were significantly more low 1-minute Apgar scores, intrapartum decelerations, and cesarean sections in the group of women greater than 35 years old. Use of oxytocin percentages and the results were similar with regard to both groups. Five-minute Apgar scores also were similar. Women greater than 35 years of age are less able to be delivered of postdate infants with optimal outcomes, but it is still safe to allow them to exceed 42 weeks' gestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Regional infusion of urokinase into occluded lower-extremity bypass grafts: long-term clinical results.

The initial outcome, long-term patency rate, and rate of limb salvage were studied in patients after regional urokinase infusion for treatment of thrombosed lower-extremity grafts. Seventy-one infusions were performed in 53 patients. Complete clot lysis occurred in 75% of grafts, with establishment of antegrade blood flow in 66%. Variables that favorably influenced clot lysis and the reestablishment of antegrade blood flow through the graft were a short duration of occlusion and a suprainguinal graft position. The median duration of patency after infusion and adjunctive therapy was 162 days, with 75% limb salvage at 301 days. No statistically significant variables that influenced the length of patency were identified. These long-term patency results are inferior to the reported results in suprainguinal grafts after reoperation. They appear similar to reported results for occluded infrainguinal grafts treated with thrombectomy and patch grafting.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Three year hospital experience with control of major obesity by VLCD in medically compromised individuals.

A very low calorie formula diet (VLCD) with physician and dietitian support was used to achieve and maintain weight loss in 408 overweight patients, referred by consultants because of concurrent health problems. The patients had failed to lose weight on conventional diets, and their obesity was considered a significant risk factor in their health. Using 330 or 405 kcal formula diets, the mean rate of weight loss in men was 1.87 kg/week and in women 1.27 kg/week. Women sustained the dieting process over longer periods, with a time to maximum weight loss of 5-72 weeks (mean 24) compared to the achievement in men of 4-40 weeks (mean 12.5). Sixteen per cent of the patients dropped out in the first 3 weeks. Of the remaining 84 per cent, weight loss to within 80-100 per cent BMI 25 (target weight) was achieved by 53 per cent men and 46 per cent women who had completed more than 5 weeks dieting. Women were more complaint than men at weight maintenance follow-up and 58 per cent of the start group were observed for more than 50 weeks (50-164), only 10 per cent experiencing weight regain of 20-70 per cent. Physician support was required to adjust medication in patients attending. Complications of obesity were remarkably improved after weight loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of aerobic training on left ventricular diastolic filling.

The effects of aerobic training on left ventricular diastolic filling were determined and related to the effects on maximal oxygen uptake, left ventricular systolic function, and left ventricular mass. Nine untrained healthy males with a mean age of 32 years underwent a ten-week program of bicycle training. Echocardiographic left ventricular mass, maximal oxygen uptake, radionuclide-derived left ventricular ejection fraction, and average left ventricular filling rate were obtained before and after training. Training resulted in significant increases in maximal oxygen uptake (from 30 +/- 6 (mean +/- S.D.) to 40 +/- 7 ml/kg/min, p less than 0.001) and average left ventricular filling rate (from 2.04 +/- 0.36 to 2.22 +/- 0.31 end-diastolic volumes/sec, p less than 0.05), but no changes in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, or left ventricular mass. These data indicate that short-term high-intensity aerobic training enhances average left ventricular diastolic filling independent of any change in left ventricular geometry, systolic function, heart rate, or blood pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The effect of the plant cell inhibitor propachlor (alpha-chloro-N-isopropyl-acetanilide) on the cell cycle of L1210 cells as evaluated by flow cytometry.

Previously it was reported that the herbicide propachlor (alpha-chloro-N-isopropyl-acetanilide) has a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of L1210 mouse leukemia cells. It is now demonstrated that propachlor treatment causes L1210 cells to accumulate in the G1 phase as determined by flow cytometric analysis. This effect of propachlor is dose-dependent with more than 90% of G1 cells accumulating at 10 microM. Kinetic experiments demonstrated that the accumulation of cells in G1 starts in about 10 hours, and increased for up to about 44 hours of incubation with 10 microM propachlor. Treated cells can be revised to a normal DNA distribution by removing propachlor.

Acetanilides↗
PubMed1983

Biological behavior of human breast carcinoma-associated antigens expressed during cellular proliferation.

The cell surface-binding properties of two murine monoclonal antibodies reactive with human mammary tumor cells are described. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyses demonstrate that both monoclonal antibodies, B6.2 and B38.1, are reactive with the surface of the majority of human breast tumor cell lines tested but are unreactive with a variety of normal human cell lines, melanomas, sarcomas, and lymphoid tumors. Antibody B6.2 was also reactive with selective carcinomas, while antibody B38.1 showed even broader reactivity. The two monoclonal antibodies were unreactive with the surface of a variety of normal human tissues obtained at biopsy, including lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen, but were reactive with mammary tumor cells obtained from four of six pleural effusions. Surface binding to mammary tumor cells by both monoclonal antibodies was shown to decrease during density-dependent arrest; further cell cycle analysis demonstrated differential antibody surface binding during S phase. Prolonged exposure of mammary tumor cells to antibody showed no evidence of antigen capping or internalization. Both monoclonal antibodies were shown to lyse mammary tumor cells in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Animals↗